Abstract:
A process for forming magnetic target tracks for position and speed sensors. The tracks are formed from a paste comprising a magnetic powder material and a hardenable carrier. The tracks can be formed within trenches in a substrate or on the substrate surface.
Abstract:
A method by which contaminant (soot) content in Diesel engine oil is determined using electrical conductivity measurements of the Diesel oil at a high frequency (150-160), or by which contaminant (soot and/or water and/or anitfreeze) content is determined using the ratio of electrical conductivity measurements of the Diesel oil at a high frequency to the electrical conductivity measurements of the Diesel oil at a low frequency (170-192). Both the conductivity ratio and the high frequency conductivity are essentially independent of the brand of oil. High frequency is defined to be above 2 MHz whereas low frequency is defined to be D.C. to about 1 kHz.
Abstract:
A method by which contaminant (soot) content in Diesel engine oil is determined using electrical conductivity measurements of the Diesel oil at a high frequency (150-160), or by which contaminant (soot and/or water and/or anitfreeze) content is determined using the ratio of electrical conductivity measurements of the Diesel oil at a high frequency to the electrical conductivity measurements of the Diesel oil at a low frequency (170-192). Both the conductivity ratio and the high frequency conductivity are essentially independent of the brand of oil. High frequency is defined to be above 2 MHz whereas low frequency is defined to be D.C. to about 1 kHz.
Abstract:
A process for forming ferromagnetic targets 8 for position and speed sensors 15. The targets 8 are formed on a conductor-clad substrate 23 by first applying a layer of photoresist material 26 and then patterning and etching the photoresist 26 to form trenches 42 defined by the shape and dimensions of the required targets 8. Ferromagnetic material is formed in the trenches 42 to complete the formation of the targets 8.
Abstract:
An adaptive driver circuit (100) which uses a modified conventional current mirror circuit to provide a current source (116) employing an automatically adjustable current to compensate for decreased SMR device sensitivity at higher temperatures and large air gaps without the need for an active feedback circuit. The adaptive driver circuit (100) according to the present invention is a unique modification of a current mirror circuit in that an SMR device (104) is used as the reference resistor and a fixed resistor (118) in the mirrored circuit to generate an output voltage (120). A modification is also possible whereby two adaptive driver circuits are used in a differential mode.
Abstract:
A single die MR sensor (10) having three MR elements (52, 54, 56), each being preferably composed of a number of serially connected MR segments (62) for use in linear position sensing schemes. The MR sensor is, generally, aligned in the direction of movement of a magnetic target. The middle MR element (54) is the actual position sensor. The two outer MR elements (52, 56) serve as reference sensors which sense the magnetic field at the limits of the position sensing range. The cooperating magnetic target assures that one of the two outer MR elements is always exposed to some maximum magnetic field, B MAX , corresponding to a position X MAX , and the other MR element is always exposed to some minimum magnetic field, B MIN , corresponding to a position X MIN , and wherein a portion of the middle MR element is exposed to B MAX and another portion of the middle MR element is exposed to B MIN , wherein the position, X, of the target is computed assuming uniformity of the middle MR element along its length.
Abstract:
A target wheel sensor assembly (10,30,50,70,90,110,130,150) suitable for determining angular position, speed and direction of motion includes a target wheel (12,32,52,72,92,112,132,152), a magnet (18,38,58,78,98,118,138,158), and a sensing element (20,40,60,80,100,120,140,160) placed therebetween. The magnet (18,38,58,78,98,118,138,158) and the sensing element (20,40,60,80,100,120,140,160) are configured so that as the target wheel (12,32,52,72,92,112,132,152) rotates the sensing element (20,40,60,80,100,120,140,160) outputs an asymmetric signal. This asymmetric signal is used to determine the position of the target wheel (12,32,52,72,92,112,132,152) as it rotates and the direction of motion of the target wheel (12,32,52,72,92,112,132,152).
Abstract:
A target wheel sensor assembly (10, 40, 70, 100, 130, 160, 190, 220, 250, 280, 310) includes a target wheel (12, 42, 72, 102, 132, 162, 192, 222, 252, 282, 312), a magnet (18, 48, 78, 108, 138, 168, 198, 228, 258, 288, 318), a magnetic piece (22, 52, 82, 112, 142, 172, 202, 232, 262, 292, 322), and a coil (20, 50, 80, 110, 140, 170, 200, 230, 260, 290, 320) to sense changes in the magnetic field caused by the rotation of the target wheel. The magnet (18, 48, 78, 108, 138, 168, 198, 228, 258, 288, 318), the magnetic piece (22, 52, 82, 112, 142, 172, 202, 232, 262, 292, 322) and the coil (20, 50, 80, 110, 140, 170, 200, 230, 260, 290, 320) are configured so that as the target wheel (12, 42, 72, 102, 132, 162, 192, 222, 252, 282, 312) rotates, the coil (20, 50, 80, 110, 140, 170, 200, 230, 260, 290, 320) outputs an asymmetric signal. This asymmetric signal is used to determine the position and direction of motion of the target wheel (12, 42, 72, 102, 132, 162, 192, 222, 252, 282, 312) as it rotates.
Abstract:
A circuit and method of providing desired response from magnetic field sensors (12, 14) to a predetermined magnetic function. Typically, magnetic field sensors, such as magnetoresistive devices and Hall effect sensors, provide an output which is a characteristic function of the magnetic field density, and so they do not generate a linear response in relation to any predetermined magnetic function, such as is required within numerous position or angle resolving circuits. The present invention utilizes two or more magnetically sensitive devices (12, 14) to tailor the overall sensor output signal to any desired function of the magnetic field density. The devices are connected in such a way that they mutually effect each other's voltages or currents to render the final desired output characteristic.
Abstract:
A single die MR sensor (10) having three MR elements (52, 54, 56), each being preferably composed of a number of serially connected MR segments (62) for use in linear position sensing schemes. The MR sensor is, generally, aligned in the direction of movement of a magnetic target. The middle MR element (54) is the actual position sensor. The two outer MR elements (52, 56) serve as reference sensors which sense the magnetic field at the limits of the position sensing range. The cooperating magnetic target assures that one of the two outer MR elements is always exposed to some maximum magnetic field, B MAX , corresponding to a position X MAX , and the other MR element is always exposed to some minimum magnetic field, B MIN , corresponding to a position X MIN , and wherein a portion of the middle MR element is exposed to B MAX and another portion of the middle MR element is exposed to B MIN , wherein the position, X, of the target is computed assuming uniformity of the middle MR element along its length.