Abstract:
Compositions, kits, methods and systems for nucleotide sequencing comprising producing polymerase reactions that exhibit two kinetically observable steps within an observable phase of the polymerase reaction. Two slow step systems can be produced, for example, by selecting the appropriate polymerase enzyme, polymerase reaction conditions including cofactors, and polymerase reaction substrates including the primed template and nucleotides.
Abstract:
Systems and methods of enhancing fluorescent labeling strategies as well as systems and methods of using non-fluorescent and/or non-optic labeling strategies, e.g., as with single molecule sequencing using ZMWs, are described.
Abstract:
The present invention is generally directed to compositions, methods, and systems for performing single-molecule, real-time analysis of analytical reactions in which protein synthesis is occurring. The ability to analyze such reactions provides an opportunity to study those reactions as well as to potentially identify factors and/or approaches for impacting such reactions, e.g., to either enhance, inhibit, or otherwise affect such reactions including, but not limited to, affecting the reaction rate, processivity, fidelity, duration, and the like.
Abstract:
Nucleic acid compositions, methods of making and using such compositions that comprise modular functional groups that can be configured to provide desired functionality to different nucleotide types through a swappable and preferably non-covalent linkage component. Such compositions are useful in a variety of applications including nucleic acid analyses.
Abstract:
Active surface coupled polymerases, surfaces that include such polymerases, and methods of making and using surface-attached polymerases are provided.
Abstract:
Composition, systems, apparatus and methods of enhancing fluorescent signals in biochemical are described. Metal particle proximity to enzymes that produce fluorescent products provide enhanced fluorescence of the product and plasmon resonance of the metal particle. Multi-labeled nucleotides enhance signal production. Reflectance of illumination light and emitted fluorescence increase signal strength for a given illumination light.
Abstract:
Methods of producing substrates having selected active chemical regions by employing elements of the substrates in assisting the localization of active chemical groups in desired regions of the substrate. The methods may include optical, chemical and/or mechanical processes for the deposition, removal, activation and/or deactivation of chemical groups in selected regions of the substrate to provide selective active regions of the substrate.
Abstract:
Devices, systems and methods of using same where hybrid substrate materials are provided with a substantially uniform surface to provide uniformity of properties, including interaction with their environments. Uniform surfaces are applied as coatings over, e.g., hybrid metal/silica, metal/polymer, metal/metal surfaces to mask different chemical properties of differing regions of the surface and to afford a protective surface for the hybrid structure.
Abstract:
Active surface coupled polymerases, surfaces that include such polymerases, and methods of making and using surface-attached polymerases are provided.