Abstract:
An electron beam tube electrostatic deflection system and method of operation is described. The electron beam tube includes an eight-fold deflector and means are provided for applying two different quadrupole correction electric potentials to selected ones of the eight-fold deflector members and for applying an octupole correction electrical potential to all eight deflector members. In the preferred embodiment, the quadrupole and octupole correction potentials applied to one set of four deflector members are represented by the respective values (V2c - V), (-V2c - V), (V2c - V) and (-V2c - V), and the quadrupole and octupole correction potentials applied to the second set of four deflector members are represented respectively by the values (V2s + V), (-V2s + V), (V2s + V) and (-V2s + V) where the quadrupole correction electric potential V2c = [A2c(Vx2 - Vy2)]/Vc, (1) THE QUADRUPOLE CORRECTION ELECTRIC POTENTIAL V2s = (2A2s VxVy)/Vc, (2) AND THE OCTUPOLE CORRECTION POTENTIAL V applied to all eight of the eight-fold deflector members is given by the expression V = [A4(Vx4 - 6Vx2Vy2 + Vy4)]/4Vc3 (3) WHERE A2c, A2s and A4 are constants, Vx and Vy are the x and y deflection electric potentials, and -Vc is the cathode voltage of the electron gun used in the electron beam tube apparatus. In preferred arrangements, the electrostatic deflection system further includes means for applying a dynamic focusing electric potential to the objective lens assembly of the electron beam tube apparatus in conjunction with both the correction and deflection electric potentials described above. The dynamic focusing electric potential is VOBJ(DF) = VOBJ(0) + [(ADF(Vx2 + Vy2))/Vc](4) WHERE ADF is a constant and VOBJ(O) is the uncorrected value of the direct current objective lens supply voltage. Both deflection and correction electric potentials are developed by an eight-fold deflector voltage generator which includes as its heart a novel octupole-quadrupole generator.
Abstract:
An electron beam tube electrostatic deflection system and method of operation is described. The electron beam tube includes an eight-fold deflector and means are provided for applying two different quadrupole correction electric potentials to selected ones of the eight-fold deflector members and for applying an octupole correction electrical potential to all eight deflector members. In the preferred embodiment, the quadrupole and octupole correction potentials applied to one set of four deflector members are represented by the respective values (V2c - V), (-V2c - V), (V2c - V) and (-V2c - V), and the quadrupole and octupole correction potentials applied to the second set of four deflector members are represented respectively by the values (V2s + V), (-V2s + V), (V2s + V) and (-V2s + V) where the quadrupole correction electric potential V2c = [A2c(Vx2 - Vy2)]/Vc, (1) THE QUADRUPOLE CORRECTION ELECTRIC POTENTIAL V2s = (2A2s VxVy)/Vc, (2) AND THE OCTUPOLE CORRECTION POTENTIAL V applied to all eight of the eight-fold deflector members is given by the expression V = [A4(Vx4 - 6Vx2Vy2 + Vy4)]/4Vc3 (3) WHERE A2c, A2s and A4 are constants, Vx and Vy are the x and y deflection electric potentials, and -Vc is the cathode voltage of the electron gun used in the electron beam tube apparatus. In preferred arrangements, the electrostatic deflection system further includes means for applying a dynamic focusing electric potential to the objective lens assembly of the electron beam tube apparatus in conjunction with both the correction and deflection electric potentials described above. The dynamic focusing electric potential is VOBJ(DF) = VOBJ(0) + [(ADF(Vx2 + Vy2))/Vc](4) WHERE ADF is a constant and VOBJ(O) is the uncorrected value of the direct current objective lens supply voltage. Both deflection and correction electric potentials are developed by an eight-fold deflector voltage generator which includes as its heart a novel octupole-quadrupole generator.
Abstract:
The guide system is formed by electron or ion sources, electron, or ion-optical devices etc. It has metal tube for holding the individual components of the system. Electrodes (4) under voltage are supported in the metal tube (1) via rings (2,3) of electrically insulating material. The component materials are chosen so that their thermal expansion coefficients are increased from inside outwards. Pref. the components under voltage are of a tungsten- copper alloy. The voltage carrying electrodes may be of vitreous carbon. The rings may be of aluminium oxide ceramic material. A spiral spring (7) is typically provided for securing the axial position of the support rings and the electrodes. The use of the metal tube offers a simple design for erection of systems with close tolerances, of self-centering type and with heating facilities.
Abstract:
This invention relates to electrical connector parts for housing optoelectronic transducers and to optical connector parts for housing terminal portions of a fiber optic light guide. The prior art provides connectors of this type but they are either permanently connected or they require critical alignment each time the connector parts are assembled. The present invention overcomes this problem by providing an optoelectronic connector assembly comprising an electrical connector part having a front end portion, an optical connector part having a front end portion adapted to engage with the front end portion of said electrical connector part, an optoelectronic transducer, device for firmly supporting said transducer within said electrical connector part so that said transducer faces the front end of said electrical connector part, an optical fiber having material of light transmitting characteristics, and device for rigidly and firmly positioning a terminal end portion of said optical fiber within said optical connector part so that the end of said fiber faces the front end of said optical connector part, and wherein said latter device renders unnecessary any subsequent physical adjustment of said optical fiber with respect to said optical connector part.
Abstract:
An assembly comprising: a housing (606) comprising a first integral alignment feature; and a source assembly comprising source components (608a, 608b. 608c, 609) and a terminal lens (610) configured to focus a beam, wherein the terminal lens comprises a second integral alignment feature, wherein the source assembly is constructed and arranged to couple to the housing when the first integral alignment feature is coupled to the second integral alignment feature to align the terminal lens with the source components in the housing and retain the source components in the housing, and wherein the first integral alignment feature engages the second integral alignment feature to retain the source assembly to the housing upon circumferential rotation of the terminal lens.
Abstract:
Optical patterns and lithographic techniques are used as part of a process to embed parallel and evenly spaced conductors in the non-planar surfaces of an insulator to produce high gradient insulators. The approach extends the size that high gradient insulating structures can be fabricated as well as improves the performance of those insulators by reducing the scale of the alternating parallel lines of insulator and conductor along the surface. This fabrication approach also substantially decreases the cost required to produce high gradient insulators.