Abstract:
The present invention relates to an adduct of a hydrocarbon and a vicinal polycarbonyl compound, the adduct having a value of n greater than 1, wherein n is the average number of vicinal polycarbonyl compounds incorporated per adduct chain. The hydrocarbon is typically a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon polymer with an Mn value ranging from about 200 to about 10 million. The hydrocarbon optionally contains polar substituents. The VP compound is cyclic or acyclic. The adduct is an ene adduct or a radical adduct. The adduct can be further reacted with a reagent to obtain a product, wherein the reagent is selected from the group consisting of nucleophiles, electrophiles, metal salts and metal complexes. The reagent can be selected from (i) nucleophiles selected from the group consisting of amines, hydrazines, hydrazine derivatives, alcohols, water, polyamines, polyols, amino alcohols, amino thiols; (ii) electrophiles selected from the group consisting of carboxy anhydrides, carboxy esters, borate esters, phosphite and phosphate esters; (iii) metal salts containing metal ions selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and transition metals; and (iv) metal complexes containing metal ions selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and transition metals. The product obtained from the above-described adduct can be post-treated with an electrophilic reagent such as a borating, acylating or thio acid reagent, or a metal ion to obtain a post-product. The present invention further relates to oleaginous compositions comprising a major amount of an oleaginous substance selected from fuels and oils and a minor amount of the product, the post-product or the adduct per se with n > 1, as described above. The present invention also includes oleaginous compositions comprising a major amount of an oleaginous substance selected from fuels and oils and a minor amount of an adduct having n = 1, the adduct optionally reacted with a reagent selected from nucleophiles, electrophiles, metal salts and metal complexes.
Abstract:
A fuel additive composition comprising a solution or dispersion of an oil soluble metal carboxylate or metal complex derived from a compound of the formula: where R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl having 1-30 carbon atoms (C1-C30), but at least two of R1, R2, R3 or R4 are C1-C30 hydrocarbyl; R5 is a hydrocarbyl having 1 to 120 carbon atoms and m and n may each be zero or an integer such that the total number of carbon atoms in the carboxylate is not more than 125.
Abstract:
A synergistic antimicrobial composition having two components. The first component is a hydroxymethyl-substituted phosphorus compound. The second component is one of the following biocides: hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine, 2,6-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl acetate or ortho-phenylphenol or its alkali metal or ammonium salts.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for inhibiting deposit formation in a fuel at a temperature of from 100 to 335°C, the method comprising combining with the fuel a composition comprising: (i) high temperature antioxidant; and (ii) a deposit inhibiting compound.
Abstract:
Concentrates for lubricating oil compositions are prepared by mixing at elevated temperature: (i) at least one high molecular weight ashless dispersant; (ii) at least one oil-soluble overbased metal detergent; and (iii) at least one other concentrate additive provided that the additive is first mixed with the detergent or the dispersant.
Abstract:
Corrosion of iron-containing metal surfaces in a hydrocarbon fluid having a temperature of from about 175 DEG C to about 400 DEG C and containing a corrosive amount of naphthenic acid is inhibited by adding to the fluid or to a feed therefor, in a total additive amount sufficient to effect corrosion inhibition in said fluid, one or more thiophosphorus compound, a salt thereof, an alkyl or aryl ester thereof, an isomer thereof, or some combination of the foregoing, thereby to effect inhibition of naphthenic acid induced corrosion in the fluid.
Abstract:
Sediment and colour formation is reduced in fuels containing more than 0.04 wt. % sulphur and 100 ppm nitrogen by the incorporation of small amounts of basic lithium, sodium, potassium or calcium compounds, this is particularly beneficial in fuels containing cracked components where the preferred additives are basic calcium or sodium compounds.