Abstract:
The present teachings provide for systems, and components thereof, for detecting and/or analyzing light. These systems can include, among others, optical reference standards utilizing luminophores, such as nanocrystals, for calibrating, validating, and/or monitoring light-detection systems, before, during, and/or after sample analysis.
Abstract:
The present invention comprises an approach for calibrating the sensitivity to polarization, optics degradation, spectral and stray light response functions of instruments on orbit. The concept is based on using an accurate ground-based laser system, Ground-to-Space Laser Calibration (GSLC), transmitting laser light to instrument on orbit during nighttime substantially clear-sky conditions. To minimize atmospheric contribution to the calibration uncertainty the calibration cycles should be performed in short time intervals, and all required measurements are designed to be relative. The calibration cycles involve ground operations with laser beam polarization and wavelength changes.
Abstract:
By employing a high-repeatability optical switch that transmits input optical power selectively either to the standard or the unit under test (UUT), OPHASE presents a system for performing a rapid, repeatable comparison between the standard and the UUT. Further, the selective routing of beam traveling through one of the two output fibers that are coupled to the switch either to the standard or the UUT enables the elimination of much of the system uncertainty by enabling initial characterization of the ratio, Rp, and inequivalence, Im, between the power outputs of the multiple output fibers coupled to the switch. This characterization is accomplished by using an angled interface which is constructed so as to allow simultaneous coupling of the multiple output fibers to the angled interface and enable the power readout of all the output fibers at the standard. Rp and Im are then used to calculate the correction factor that reduces the total uncertainty level in the subsequent calibration of the unit under test.
Abstract:
An optical examination apparatus for optically examining density, distribution, etc. of oxygen in an object to be examined such as organic tissue like brain tissue, of man or animal compressing a light source, an optical fibre bundle having one end on which light emitted from the light source is incident and which is divided at the other end into a first and second branch with a predetermined ratio of division, transmitted and scattered light detection means for detecting light is emitted from the first branch of the fibre bundle and transmitted through and scattered by the object to be examined, monitoring light detection means for detecting monitoring light emitted from the second branch fibre bundle, normalization means for normalizing an output of the transmitted and scattered light detected means on the basis of an output from the monitoring light detection means, representative sampling means for ensuring that the light output from the second branch fibre bundle is representative of that output by the light source. The representative sampling means may be provided by distributing the optical fibres forming the second branch fibre bundle uniformly over the one end of the optical fibre bundle or may comprise a mode scrambler interposed between the one end of the optical fibre bundle and the light source to distribute light from the light source over the whole fibre bundle.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Messanordnung zur Messung einer Intensität eines Lichts ( Φ ) einer Lichtquelle (20), umfassend eine Referenzsignaleinheit (10) zur Bereitstellung eines Referenzsignals (z), eine Sendeeinheit (12), umfassend eine Ansteuereinheit (22) für die Lichtquelle (20) zur Bereitstellung eines mit dem Referenzsignal (z) modulierten Betriebssignals (i), und die Lichtquelle (20). Die Ansteuereinheit (22) ist mit der Lichtquelle (20) gekoppelt, so dass die Lichtquelle (20) mit dem Betriebssignal (i) speisbar ist. Weiterhin umfasst die Messanordnung eine Empfangseinheit (16) zum Empfang eines Empfangsmesslichts ( Φ e ) umfassend zumindest eine Teilmenge des Lichts ( Φ ) der Lichtquelle (20) und zur Bereitstellung eines Empfangssignals (s), das von der Intensität des Empfangsmesslichts ( Φ e ) abhängig ist und eine mit der Empfangseinheit (16) gekoppelte Auswerteeinheit zur Bereitstellung eines von der Intensität des Lichts ( Φ ) der Lichtquelle (20) abhängigen Messsignals. Hierbei ist das Referenzsignal (z) eine als Pseudonoise-Folge ausgebildete Folge von Signalpegeln, und die Auswerteeinheit umfasst zumindest einen Multiplizierer (24) und zumindest eine Integrationseinheit (26) zur Integration eines Ausgangssignals (d) des Multiplizierers (24). Der Multiplizierer (24) ist eingangsseitig mit dem Empfangssignal (s) und mit dem Referenzsignal (z), und ausgangsseitig mit der Integrationseinheit gekoppelt, und die Integrationseinheit ist zur ausgangsseitigen Bereitstellung des Messsignals ausgelegt.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a photodetector arrangement (1) for stray light compensation, said arrangement comprising a photodetector unit (2) for detecting and determining at least two measuring signals (S1, S2) and a differentiation unit (6) for calculating the difference between the measuring signals (S1, S2). A compensation unit (4) for compensating direct components (SGL, SmGL) forming the basis of the respective measuring signal (S1, S2) is provided between the photodetector unit (2) and the differentiation unit (6).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for estimating drift in a solar radiation sensor (2) and for calibrating such a sensor, in which the radiation (GMES) measured by this sensor under its conditions of use and a radiation model (51) are taken into account.
Abstract:
The present invention is to apparently decrease the parasitic capacitance of the detection element to thereby suppress the influence of the parasitic capacitance of the detection element itself at the time of light amount detection. According to the present invention, in a display device including a photosensor PS that detects the ambient light amount of a display area, a comparator (102) that compares the output of the photosensor PS with a predetermined reference value, and a backlight controller (105) that controls the amount of light supplied to the display area depending on a comparison result by the comparator (102), a switch SW for controlling application of a precharge potential is connected to a metal that exists near the light-receiving part of the photosensor PS with the intermediary of an insulating film.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a photodetector arrangement (1) for stray light compensation, said arrangement comprising a photodetector unit (2) for detecting and determining at least two measuring signals (S1, S2) and a differentiation unit (6) for calculating the difference between the measuring signals (S1, S2). A compensation unit (4) for compensating direct components (SGL, SmGL) forming the basis of the respective measuring signal (S1, S2) is provided between the photodetector unit (2) and the differentiation unit (6).