Abstract:
A magnetic structure for use in vacuum gauges, which comprises a sheath of ferromagnetic material within which are held a first and a second magnetic array, each array:
having a plurality of magnet components to form the complete array being magnetised such that the poles of the magnet components lie substantially on lines emanating radially from the magnetic structure main axis having a polarity opposite to the other array being longitudinally spaced apart from the other array.
Abstract:
A cold cathode pressure sensor (10) comprises a gas-tight housing (12), a test gas inlet (18), an anode (14) and a cathode (16, 17) arranged in the housing (12), and a radiation source (20) directed towards the cathode (16, 17) in order to ignite a cold cathode discharge. The housing (12) is at least in part made of glass. The radiation source (20) is arranged outside the housing (12) and irradiates the cathode (16, 17) through the glass which makes up the housing. The wavelength of the radiation from the radiation source (20) ranges substantially from more than 350 nm to less than 1400 nm.
Abstract:
Kaltkatoden-lonisationsmanometer zur Druckmessung im Vakuum, das nach dem inversen Magnetron-Prinzip arbeitet und zur Erfassung von Drücken im Fein-, Hoch- und Ultrahochvakuumbereich (vorzugsweise zwischen 10 Pa und 1 Pa) eingesetzt wird. Die Kontaminationsneigung soll verringert und dadurch die Standzeit dieser Messröhren verlängert werden. Dies wird durch eine Messröhre erreicht, die mit zwei separat angesteuerten Katoden (K1, K2) und einer gemeinsamen Anode (A) augestattet ist und wodurch in deren Inneren zwei voneinander unabhängige Entladungen gezündet werden können. Während eine direkt am Messröhreneingang lokalisierte Entladung (K1) die Funktion einer Gasreinigungsvorrichtung übernimmt, in der über plasma-chemische Dissoziationsreaktionen in die Messröhre eintretende Kohlenwasserstoff- oder andere kontaminierende Dämpfe gekrackt bzw. polymerisiert werden, fungiert eine zweite (K2) im Messröhrengehäuse (MRG) untergebrachte und durch diese Gasentladungsstrecke (K1) abgeschirmte Entladungskammer als eigentliche Messkammer. Nur der aus dieser Entladungszone (K2) abfliessende Entladungsstrom wird ausgewertet und zur Druckmessung herangezogen. Durch diese spezielle Doppelkammer-Messröhrengeometrie wird erreicht, dass das Plasma in der eigentlichen Messkammer (K2) unter weitestgehend sauberen Bedingungen brennt, weshalb die eine höhere Standzeiten der Messröhre erzielt wird.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a vacuum-technology device (1) with a housing (3) and, inside the housing, electrodes between which a gas discharge is maintained while the device is operating, the device also having at least one magnet (4) whose field extends the path of the ionizing electrons. In order to simplify the design of a device of this kind, the invention proposes that the magnet (4) is located inside the housing (3) and forms one of the electrodes.
Abstract:
The invention pertains to a Penning measuring cell (1) with an electrode system that comprises an anode (5) and a cathode (2), which are situated in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet (8, 9), and with an ignition aid (11) for the electrode system (2, 5). To ensure rapid and reliable ignition the invention proposes attaching to the anode (5) as ignition aid (11) at least one metal strip (11) the free end of which extends towards the cathode (2).
Abstract:
Provided are: a vacuum gauge that, with a simple configuration, can accurately diagnose the degree of contamination of the vacuum gauge; and a contamination diagnosis method that, with a simple process, can accurately diagnose the degree of contamination of a vacuum gauge. Provided is a cold cathode ionization vacuum gauge that has a normal operation mode and a contamination diagnosis mode, the cold cathode ionization vacuum gauge comprising: an anode 1 and a cathode 3 that are for measuring vacuum pressure in the normal operation mode; an anode 7 and the cathode 3 that are for measuring the vacuum pressure in the contamination diagnosis mode; and a controller 10 that compares the size of a current measured between the anode 7 and the cathode 3 and the size of a current measured between the anode 1 and the cathode 3.
Abstract:
A cold cathode ion gauge is provided that is suitable for use in a high vacuum and in the presence of contaminating gases. By decreasing the discharge current and, more precisely, decreasing the charge current density received by the gauge electrodes, and using certain type of materials for the gauge electrodes, the mechanism by which insulating films are deposited on surface of the electrodes is attenuated and the life of the gauge is significantly prolonged. The gauge discharge current can be decreased by providing a large resistor in series with the anode, while the charge current density can be decreased by using an electrode with larger surface area, which can be achieved by fabricating grooves or fans on electrodes and by using low electron backscattering and low secondary emission materials, like carbon. Another concept of constant current mode is also proposed in this invention for extending the lifetime of CCIGs that are used for vacuum containing unfriendly gases.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an ionisation vacuum gauge for measuring the residual pressure of a gaseous material remaining in a container (10), more particularly after operation of a vacuum pump. The gauge comprises an electron-emitting cathode (31) made by exploiting the nanotube technology, a grid (13; 33; 133; 133') for accelerating the electrons emitted by the cathode, and a plate (15; 35) collecting the ions and/or the ionised positive molecules of the gas. Measuring the plate current by a galvanometer allows determining the value of the residual pressure inside the container.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a vacuum-technology device (1) with a housing (3) and, inside the housing, electrodes between which a gas discharge is maintained while the device is operating, the device also having at least one magnet (4) whose field extends the path of the ionizing electrons. In order to simplify the design of a device of this kind, the invention proposes that the magnet (4) is located inside the housing (3) and forms one of the electrodes.