Abstract:
A method for protecting redundancy of data recorded through multiple layers of a recording medium is provided to reduce a danger of inaccessibility or a loss of the data when the data on at least one layer is not decoded and to improve creditability of the recording medium and stability of the recorded data. A method for protecting redundancy of data recorded through multiple layers of a recording medium includes a step of receiving a data stream, a step of encoding each data bit to the predetermined number of expression bits, a step of recording a first expression bit at a first layer, recording a second expression bit at a second layer, and recording a remaining expression bit at the other layers of the recording medium, a step of receiving a request for decoding the data recorded from the recording medium, a step of reading back the plural expression bits from the recording medium, and a step of decoding the plural expression bits to an original data bit.
Abstract:
A method for transitioning the state of the phase change material by annealing is provided to prevent a peeling due to a tensile stress by annealing an amorphous phase change material after a deposition to transit the phase change material to a crystalline state. A method for transitioning the state of the phase change material by annealing includes the steps of: providing a previously processed wafer; depositing the phase change material on the previously processed wafer at an amorphous state(100); and annealing a phase change material so as to transit the phase change material from the amorphous state to a crystalline state(102). The step of annealing the phase change material includes an in-situ annealing of the phase change material layer.
Abstract:
Recognition and capture of whiteboard markups for a projected image are provided to capture handwriting and free/natural user input obtained by marking a standard non-electronic whiteboard without buying an expensive pen, digitizing tablet, electronic whiteboard, and/or sensor. A storage device is connected to a bus and stores a computer-usable program product. A processor(206) displays a presentation image to the whiteboard as the projected image, discriminates a set of projected markups related to the presentation page, and generates a user input layer by separating and storing the set of the markups as an overlay for the presentation page.
Abstract:
The system has switches permitting the storage device to be shared by two separate controllers. Each controller in turn recieves commands and transfers the stored data to a different data processing system. The arrangement involves a number of subchannels each of which comprises at least one addressable storage device and two addressable interlocked port switches. The subchannel switching arrangement is characterized by each switch being addressable as if it were another device.
Abstract:
In a Cr electroplating soln., the source of Cr comprises an equilibrated aq. soln. of Cr(III) thiocyanate complexes. The Cr concn. is up to 0.02 molar. The soln. includes an amino acid as pH buffer, providing at least 1 of the ligands for the complex. Pref. the amino acid is aspartic acid. The ratio of the molar concns. of Cr to thiocyanate is 1:2-1:4. Aspartic acid concn. is ca. 1.25 times that of Cr. The bath gives a deposit of light colour and is also used to plate the initial layer of a thick (above 5 microns) deposit for engineering applications.
Abstract:
Communication through a voice and text channel having an emotion preservation function is provided to enable a user to perform communication through the voice and text channel while preserving emotional contents. The first program code performs voice communication. The second program code analyzes the voice communication to the first emotional contents. The third program code analyzes text contents of the voice communication to the second emotional contents. The fourth program code marks up the text contents by emotional metadata for the first or second emotional contents. The fifth program code analyzes the voice communication to the text contents.
Abstract:
A method and a system for detecting spam calls are provided to effectively detect spam and unsolicited calls by transmitting a challenge to a caller before call admission, receiving a response from the caller, and analyzing it. Before or after a call is received, a challenge creator(302) creates a challenge(322) containing a random number. The created challenge is inputted to a rendering device(304). The rendering device renders the challenge so that it is impossible for any machine to read the challenge. Then the rendered challenge is transmitted to the caller. The callee waits for a response, embedded in a message body or block(312), from the caller. The response is compared with the challenge or an acceptable response having a different value. If the response is correct, the call is connected as the caller is regarded as a human.