Abstract:
An area-efficient network is configured such that a section of the feed network (1804, 1808) is disposed on a radiator portion of an antenna (1304, 1308) and the remainder of the feed network is disposed on a feed portion. Because part of the feed network is disposed on the radiator portion, the remainder of the feed network requires less area on the feed portion. As a result, the feed portion of the antenna can be smaller as compared to antennas having conventional feed networks. Preferably, the traces of the feed network that are disposed on the radiator portion are disposed opposite the ground portion of the radiators. As such, the ground portion of the radiators serves as a ground plane for this part of the feed network. The area-efficient feed network can be implemented with numerous different types of antennas of varying configurations, including single-band and multi-band helical antennas. As a result of this configuration, the overall size of the antenna and the amount of loss in the feed are reduced as compared to antennas having conventional feed networks.
Abstract:
A bent-segment helical antenna utilizes one or more radiators wrapped in a helical fashion. The radiators are comprised of a plurality of segments. A first segment extends from a feed network at a first end of a radiator portion of the antenna toward a second end of the radiator portion. A second segment is adjacent to and offset from the first segment. A third segment connects the first and second segments at the second end of the radiator portion.
Abstract:
A bent-segment helical antenna (700A, 700B) utilizes one or more radiators (720) wrapped in a helical fashion. The radiators (720) are comprised of a plurality of segments (712, 714, 716). A first segment (712) extends from a feed network (730) at a first end (732) of a radiator portion (702) of the antenna (700A, 700B) toward a second end (734) of the radiator portion (702A, 702B). A second segment (714) is adjacent to and offset from the first segment (712). A third segment (716) connects the first and second segments (712, 714) at the second end (734) of the radiator portion (702A, 702B).
Abstract:
An apparatus for coarse compensation of a direct current (DC) offset in a direct to baseband receiver architecture utilizes a serial analog to digital converter (ADC), such as a Delta-Sigma converter, to convert the received signal to digital form. The output of the ADC is sampled for a predetermined number of samples and a counter coupled to the ADC is incremented each time the sample generated by the ADC is a logic one. The counter is not incremented if the sample from the ADC is a logic zero. After the predetermined number of samples is obtained, the counter value is indicative of the DC offset in the received signal. The counter value may be converted by a code converter to a correction value for easy operation of a digital to analog converter (DAC). If the number of samples from the ADC is a power of two, the code converted may be readily implemented by simply inverting the most significant bit (MSB) from the counter to thereby generate a twos complement version of the counter value. The correction value is coupled to the DAC to generate a compensation signal, which is provided to the received signal path in the form of a feedback signal to compensate for the DC offset.
Abstract:
Transmitter architectures for a communications system having improved performance over conventional transmitter architectures. The improvements include a combination of the following: faster response time for the control signals, improved linearity, reduced interference, reduced power consumption, lower circuit complexity, and lower costs. For a cellular application, these improvements can lead to increased system capacity, smaller telephone size, increased talk and standby times, and greater acceptance of the product. Circuitry is provided to speed up the response time of a control signal. The control loop for various elements in the transmit signal path are integrated. A gain control mechanism allows for accurate adjustment of the output transmit power level. Control mechanisms are provided to power down the power amplifier, or th e entire transmit signal path, when not needed. The gains of the various elements in the transmit signal path are controlled to reduce transients in the output transmit power, and to also ensure that transients are downward.
Abstract:
Transmitter architectures for a communications system having improved performance over conventional transmitter architectures. The improvements include a combination of the following: faster response time for the control signals, improved linearity, reduced interference, reduced power consumption, lower circuit complexity, and lower costs. For a cellular application, these improvements can lead to increased system capacity, smaller telephone size, increased talk and standby times, and greater acceptance of the product. Circuitry is provided to speed up the response time of a control signal. The control loop for various elements in the transmit signal path are integrated. A gain control mechanism allows for accurate adjustment of the output transmit power level. Control mechanisms are provided to power down the power amplifier, or th e entire transmit signal path, when not needed. The gains of the various elements in the transmit signal path are controlled to reduce transients in the output transmit power, and to also ensure that transients are downward.
Abstract:
Transmitter architectures for a communications system having improved performance over conventional transmitter architectures. The improvements include a combination of the following: faster response time for the control signals, improved linearity, reduced interference, reduced power consumption, lower circuit complexity, and lower costs. For a cellular application, these improvements can lead to increased system capacity, smaller telephone size, increased talk and standby times, and greater acceptance of the product. Circuitry is provided to speed up the response time of a control signal. The control loop for various elements in the transmit signal path are integrated. A gain control mechanism allows for accurate adjustment of the output transmit power level. Control mechanisms are provided to power down the power amplifier, or th e entire transmit signal path, when not needed. The gains of the various elements in the transmit signal path are controlled to reduce transients in the output transmit power, and to also ensure that transients are downward.
Abstract:
Techniques for detecting and mitigating intermodulation distortion (IMD) are described. A device (e.g., a cellular phone) obtains digital intermodulation distortion and digitally determines intermodulation distortion in an input signal based on the digital intermodulation distortion. The device may correlate the digital intermodulation distortion with the input signal and determine intermodulation distortion in the input signal based on correlation results. The device may adjust the operation of one or more circuit blocks (e.g., a mixer, an LNA, etc.) in a receiver based on the detected intermodulation distortion in the input signal. Alternatively or additionally, the device may condition the digital intermodulation distortion to obtain conditioned intermodulation distortion matching intermodulation distortion in the input signal and may then subtract the conditioned intermodulation distortion from the input signal.
Abstract:
Un procedimiento de fabricación de una antena helicoidal que comprende un substrato (406), estando caracterizado el procedimiento por: formar un primer y un segundo plano de tierra (412) sobre dicho substrato (406), estando dicho segundo plano de tierra (412) separado de dicho primer plano de tierra (412); proporcionar una serie de orificios (2230) a través de dicho substrato (406) y dicho primer plano de tierra (412) y a través de dicho substrato (406) y dicho segundo plano de tierra (412); posicionar dicho substrato (406) para que encaje con un elemento de soporte (2310), comprendiendo dicho elemento de soporte (2310) una primera y una segunda serie de dientes (2312) que se extienden radialmente hacia fuera desde una superficie exterior del mismo y están dispuestos de manera que la primera serie de dientes (2312) coincidan con dichos orificios (2230) a través de dicho substrato (406) y dicho primer plano de tierra (412) y que la segunda serie de dientes (2312) coincidan con dichos orificios (2230) a través de dicho substrato (406) y dicho segundo plano de tierra (412), en el cual dichos dientes (2312) están dispuestos de tal modo que al girar dicho elemento de soporte (2310) sobre su eje mayor, dicho substrato (406) se envuelve alrededor del elemento de soporte (2310).
Abstract:
A bent-segment helical antenna utilizes one or more radiators wrapped in a helical fashion. The radiators are comprised of a plurality of segments. A first segment extends from a feed network at a first end of a radiator portion of the antenna toward a second end of the radiator portion. A second segment is adjacent to and offset from the first segment. A third segment connects the first and second segments at the second end of the radiator portion.