公开(公告)号：US11075049B2

公开(公告)日：2021-07-27

申请号：US16601620

申请日：2019-10-15

Applicant: The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy

Inventor： Boris N. Feigelson ,  James A. Wollmershauser ,  Kedar Manandhar

IPC: H01J9/04 ,  B22F1/02 ,  H01J1/146 ,  H01J1/144 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/142 ,  B22F3/26

Abstract: A thermionic dispenser cathode having a refractory metal matrix with scandium and barium compounds in contact with the metal matrix and methods for forming the same. The invention utilizes atomic layer deposition (ALD) to form a nanoscale, uniform, conformal distribution of a scandium compound on tungsten surfaces and further utilizes in situ high pressure consolidation/impregnation to enhance impregnation of a BaO—CaO—Al2O3 based emissive mixture into the scandate-coated tungsten matrix or to sinter a tungsten/scandate/barium composite structure. The result is a tungsten-scandate thermionic cathode having improved emission.

公开(公告)号：US10651000B2

公开(公告)日：2020-05-12

申请号：US15409888

申请日：2017-01-19

Applicant: Beijing University of Technology

Inventor： Wei Liu ,  Mingchaung Tian ,  Jinshu Wang ,  Fan Zhou ,  Yiman Wang ,  Liran Dong ,  Yunfei Yang ,  Quan Zhang

IPC: B22F3/105 ,  H01J9/04 ,  B22F9/02 ,  B22F9/22 ,  C22B34/36 ,  B22F9/30 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J19/22 ,  H01J35/06

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a preparation method of pressed Scandia-doped dispenser cathode using microwave sintering. Embodiments of the present disclosure include dissolving some nitrates and ammonium metatungstate with deionized water to prepare a homogeneous solution. Precursor powder with uniform size is obtained by spray drying, the precursor powder is decomposed, and two-step reduction may be proceeded to form doped tungsten powder with uniform element distribution. The cathode is prepared by one-time microwave sintering. One-time forming of cathode sintering is realized, and sintering shrinkage and sintering time are reduced significantly. The method has excellent repeatability, and the cathode has a homogeneous structure and excellent emission performance at 950° C.

公开(公告)号：US20200043691A1

公开(公告)日：2020-02-06

申请号：US16601620

申请日：2019-10-15

Applicant: The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy

Inventor： Boris N. Feigelson ,  James A. Wollmershauser ,  Kedar Manandhar

IPC: H01J9/04 ,  B22F1/02 ,  H01J1/146 ,  H01J1/144 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/142 ,  B22F3/26

Abstract: A thermionic dispenser cathode having a refractory metal matrix with scandium and barium compounds in contact with the metal matrix and methods for forming the same. The invention utilizes atomic layer deposition (ALD) to form a nanoscale, uniform, conformal distribution of a scandium compound on tungsten surfaces and further utilizes in situ high pressure consolidation/impregnation to enhance impregnation of a BaO—CaO—Al2O3 based emissive mixture into the scandate-coated tungsten matrix or to sinter a tungsten/scandate/barium composite structure. The result is a tungsten-scandate thermionic cathode having improved emission.

公开(公告)号：US09466453B2

公开(公告)日：2016-10-11

申请号：US14578533

申请日：2014-12-22

Applicant: MAPPER LITHOGRAPHY IP B.V

Inventor： Laura Dinu-Gürtler ,  Eric Petrus Hogervorst

IPC: H01J1/15 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J37/075 ,  H01J37/317 ,  G03F7/20 ,  H01J3/02

CPC classification number: H01J37/3174 ,  G03F7/70058 ,  H01J1/15 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J3/027 ,  H01J3/029 ,  H01J37/075 ,  H01J37/3177 ,  H01J2229/481 ,  H01J2237/061

Abstract: The invention relates to a cathode arrangement comprising: a cathode body housing an emission surface for emitting electrons in a longitudinal direction, wherein the emission surface is bounded by an emission perimeter; a focusing electrode at least partially enclosing the cathode body in a transversal direction and comprising an electron transmission aperture for focusing the electrons emitted by the emission surface, wherein the aperture is bounded by an aperture perimeter, wherein the cathode body is moveably arranged within the focusing electrode over a maximum transversal distance from an aligned position, and wherein the aperture perimeter transversally extends over the emission surface and beyond the emission perimeter over an overlap distance that exceeds the maximum transversal distance.

公开(公告)号：US08436524B2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-07

申请号：US12597961

申请日：2008-05-13

Applicant: Yoshinori Terui ,  Ryozo Nonogaki

Inventor： Yoshinori Terui ,  Ryozo Nonogaki

IPC: H01J1/26 ,  H01J1/28

CPC classification number: H01J37/063 ,  H01J1/20 ,  H01J1/26 ,  H01J37/073 ,  H01J37/075 ,  H01J2237/0216 ,  H01J2237/06316

Abstract: Provided is an electron source which provides a stable electron beam even when vibration is applied from external to a device which uses the electron source. The electron source is provided with a needlelike chip (1) having an electron emitting section at one end; a cup-like component (6) bonded to the other end of the needlelike chip (1); and a filament (3) for heating the cup-like component (6). The filament (3) is arranged in a gap inside the cup-like component (6), in a noncontact state to the cup-like component (6).

Abstract translation: 提供了即使当从外部向使用电子源的装置施加振动时也提供稳定电子束的电子源。 电子源设置有在一端具有电子发射部分的针状芯片（1）; 结合到针状芯片（1）的另一端的杯状部件（6）; 以及用于加热杯状部件（6）的灯丝（3）。 灯丝（3）以与杯状部件（6）非接触状态配置在杯状部件（6）内的间隙内。

公开(公告)号：US07671523B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-02

申请号：US10445177

申请日：2003-05-23

Applicant: Malcolm Caplan ,  Sergel Evge'evich Vinogradov ,  Valeri Vasil'evich Ribin ,  Valentin Ivanovich Shekalov ,  Philip Grigor'evich Rutberg ,  Alexi Anatol'evich Safronov ,  Vasili Nikolaevich Shiryaev

Inventor： Malcolm Caplan ,  Sergel Evge'evich Vinogradov ,  Valeri Vasil'evich Ribin ,  Valentin Ivanovich Shekalov ,  Philip Grigor'evich Rutberg ,  Alexi Anatol'evich Safronov ,  Vasili Nikolaevich Shiryaev

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01K1/04

CPC classification number: H05H1/48 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  C22C1/0425 ,  C22C1/051 ,  C22C1/08 ,  H01J1/144 ,  B22F3/10 ,  B22F2201/01 ,  B22F3/02 ,  B22F3/17

Abstract: Material for electrodes of low temperature plasma generators. The material contains a porous metal matrix impregnated with a material emitting electrons. The material uses a mixture of copper and iron powders as a porous metal matrix and a Group IIIB metal component such as Y2O3 is used as a material emitting electrons at, for example, the proportion of the components, mass %: iron:3-30; Y2O3:0.05-1; copper: the remainder. Copper provides a high level of heat conduction and electric conductance, iron decreases intensity of copper evaporation in the process of plasma creation providing increased strength and lifetime, Y2O3 provides decreasing of electronic work function and stability of arc burning. The material can be used for producing the electrodes of low temperature AC plasma generators used for destruction of liquid organic wastes, medical wastes, municipal wastes as well as for decontamination of low level radioactive waste, the destruction of chemical weapons, warfare toxic agents, etc.

Abstract translation: 低温等离子发生器电极材料。 该材料含有浸渍有发射电子的材料的多孔金属基体。 该材料使用铜和铁粉末的混合物作为多孔金属基体，并且使用诸如Y 2 3的IIIB族金属组分作为以例如组分的比例发射电子的材料，质量％：铁：3-30 ; Y2O3：0.05-1; 铜：剩下的。 铜提供高水平的导热和电导，铁在等离子体生成过程中降低铜蒸发的强度，提供强度和寿命，Y2O3提供电子功函数的降低和电弧燃烧的稳定性。 该材料可用于生产用于液体有机废物，医疗废物，城市废物破坏的低温交流等离子体发生器的电极，以及低放射性废物的去污，化学武器，战争毒剂等的破坏 。

公开(公告)号：US20070182303A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-09

申请号：US11650310

申请日：2007-01-05

Applicant: Stijn Willem Herman Steenbrink ,  Pieter Kruit

Inventor： Stijn Willem Herman Steenbrink ,  Pieter Kruit

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/14

CPC classification number: H01J37/065 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J37/3177 ,  H01J2237/3175 ,  H01J2237/31754 ,  H01J2237/31774

Abstract: A dispenser cathode which comprises an emission surface, a reservoir for material releasing, when heated, work-function-lowering particles, and at least one passage for allowing diffusion of work-function-lowering particles from said reservoir to said emission surface, said emission surface comprising at least one emission area and at least one non-emission area covered with emission-suppressing material and surrounding each emission area, said non-emission area comprising at least one passage connecting said reservoir with said non-emission area and debouching within a diffusion length distance from an emission area for allowing diffusion of work-function-lowering particles from said reservoir to said emission area.

公开(公告)号：US5828164A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-27

申请号：US647502

申请日：1996-05-14

Applicant: Louis E. Branovich ,  Donald W. Eckart ,  Paul Fischer

Inventor： Louis E. Branovich ,  Donald W. Eckart ,  Paul Fischer

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J19/06 ,  H01K1/04

CPC classification number: H01J9/047 ,  H01J1/28

Abstract: A method is provided of preparing an impregnated cathode with enhanced thionic emission from a porous billet by impregnating the billed with a suitable impregnant in the presence of an oxygen deficient compound. Additives such as Ir, Os, and Rh react in such a way as to increase emission by reacting to generate oxygen deficient compounds such as WO.sub.2. Moreover, intermediate oxygen sufficient products formed in the chemical reactions can be used as impregnants providing they generate oxygen deficient compounds in the presence of the active emissive material.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种通过在缺氧化合物的存在下浸渍用合适的浸渍剂进行浸渍来制备具有来自多孔坯料的增强的热离子发射的浸渍阴极的方法。 添加剂如Ir，Os和Rh以这样的方式进行反应，即通过反应产生缺氧化合物如WO2来增加排放。 此外，在化学反应中形成的中间氧足够的产物可用作浸渍剂，只要它们在活性发射材料存在下产生缺氧化合物即可。

公开(公告)号：US5518520A

公开(公告)日：1996-05-21

申请号：US399304

申请日：1995-03-06

Applicant: Jan Hasker ,  Robert H. Kane ,  Paul D. Goodell ,  Jacobus A. J. M. Deckers

Inventor： Jan Hasker ,  Robert H. Kane ,  Paul D. Goodell ,  Jacobus A. J. M. Deckers

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  B22F9/04 ,  C22C27/04 ,  H01J9/04

CPC classification number: B22F9/04 ,  C22C27/04 ,  B22F2009/041

Abstract: Method of manufacturing a dispenser cathode, in which method tungsten and a scandium-containing material are mechanically alloyed and the product thus formed is pressed into a cathode body. The cathode body is further provided with a barium-containing component. In the mechanical alloying process the tungsten is highly deformed and the scandium-containing material is mixed with the tungsten so as to be very finely distributed therein, so that an improved dispensation of scandium and hence an improved recovery after ion bombardment of the final cathode is attained.

Abstract translation: 制造分配器阴极的方法，其中钨和含钪材料机械合金化，并将由此形成的产品压入阴极体。 阴极体还含有含钡成分。 在机械合金化过程中，钨是高度变形的，并且含钪材料与钨混合以便非常精细地分布在其中，从而改善了钪的分配，并因此改善了最终阴极离子轰击后的回收率。 达到了

公开(公告)号：US5306189A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-26

申请号：US947413

申请日：1992-09-18

Applicant: Toshikazu Sugimura ,  Maki Narita

Inventor： Toshikazu Sugimura ,  Maki Narita

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J9/04

CPC classification number: H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J9/042

Abstract: An impregnated cathode including an electron emissive substance in a porous matrix of a metal having a high melting point and a heat resistive property, is manufactured by mixing (S2) powder of the metal and the electron emissive substance in a dry state into cathode forming powder, press-shaping (S3) the cathode forming powder into a shaped body, sealing (S4) the shaped body in a reaction vessel to provide a sealed vessel, and subjecting (S5) the shaped body in the sealed vessel to a hot isostatic press (HIP) to provide a sintered body of the cathode forming powder, wherein the substance comprises a barium aluminate compound represented by a chemical formula of:(pBaO.qCaO).nBaAl.sub.2 O.sub.4,where p represents an integer which is not less than one, q representing an integer which is not less than zero, n representing an integer which is not less than one. Preferably, the HIP is carried out at a temperature between 900.degree. C. and 1400.degree. C. for twenty minutes with the sealed vessel placed in an argon atmosphere of 1500 atmospheres. The cathode preferably includes the substance in a ratio which is greater than 5.7% by weight and is not greater than 13.8% by weight.

Abstract translation: 通过将（S2）金属粉末和电子发射物质（S2）混合成阴极形成粉末（S2），制造具有高熔点和耐热性的金属的多孔基体中的电子发射物质的浸渍阴极 ，将阴极形成粉末压成型（S3）成型体，将反应容器内的成形体密封（S4），以提供密封容器，并将密封容器中的成形体（S5）（S5）加热至等静压机 （HIP）以提供阴极形成粉末的烧结体，其中该物质包含由以下化学式表示的铝酸钡化合物：（pBaO.qCaO）·nBaAl2O4，其中p表示不小于1的整数，q 表示不小于零的整数，n表示不小于1的整数。 优选地，将HIP在900℃至1400℃的温度下进行20分钟，同时将密封容器置于1500个大气压的氩气气氛中。 阴极优选包含大于5.7重量％且不大于13.8重量％的比例的物质。