Abstract:
A process of reacting (A) a compound capable of forming a stable radical which is selected from among (A1) oxygen compounds having carbon-hydrogen bonds at the position adjacent to the oxygen atom, (A2) carbonyl compounds and (A3) compounds having hydrocarbon groups bearing methyne carbon with (B) a radical-scavenging compound selected from among (B1) unsaturated compounds, (B2) compounds having hydrocarbon groups bearing methyne carbon, and so on in the presence of molecular oxygen by the use of an imide catalyst represented by general formula (1) or the like to thereby obtain an adduct of the compound (B) with the compound (A), a product of substitution of the compound (B) with the compound (A), or oxides of both. In said formula, R?1 and R2¿ are each hydrogen or the like, or alternatively R?1 and R2¿ may be united to form a double bond or an aromatic or nonaromatic ring; and X is oxygen or hydroxyl. This process makes it possible to efficiently produce various organic compounds under mild conditions through addition or substitution by the use of molecular oxygen.
Abstract:
A process for producing a hydroxylactone which comprises reacting an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an ester thereof each having a double bond not conjugated with the carboxyl group with (i) hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a metal compound containing a metal element selected among tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, and manganese or with (ii) a peroxide containing the metal to generate the corresponding hydroxylactone in which a hydroxyl group is bonded to one of the carbon atoms constituting the double bond and which has cyclized at the other carbon atom. As the metal compound can be used a compound selected among oxides, oxyacids, and salts thereof. Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid include β, η -unsaturated carboxylic acids, η, δ -unsaturated carboxylic acids, and δ, ε -unsaturated carboxylic acids. By the process, a hydroxylactone can be inexpensively produced in high yield.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of esters or lactones, which comprises reacting a ketone represented by general formula (1) (wherein R?a and Rb¿ are each independently an organic group having a carbon atom at the position where the carbonyl carbon atom adjacent thereto is bonded, or alternatively R?a and Rb¿ together with the carbonyl carbon atom may form a ring) with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a compound containing a metallic element selected from among Group 3, 13, 14 and 15 metallic elements of the periodic table to thereby obtain a compound represented by general formula (2) (wherein R?a and Rb¿ are each independently an organic group having a carbon atom at the position where the carbonyl carbon atom or oxygen atom adjacent thereto is bonded, or alternatively R?a and Rb¿ together with the carbonyl carbon atom and the oxygen atom may form a ring). This process makes it possible to convert ketones to the corresponding esters or lactones in high yield by using hydrogen peroxide.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of compounds of the general formula (3) or (8) which comprises reacting a compound (1) having an electron-withdrawing group with a compound (2) or (7) in the presence of both a catalyst comprising a compound containing a member selected from among Group 5 to 9 elements of the periodic table and oxygen. According to this process, compounds having alkyl or alkenyl at the α-position to the electron-withdrawing group or derivatives thereof can be prepared efficiently via catalytic radical addition. (1) (2) (7) (8) (wherein Y is an electron-withdrawing group; Rb to Rj are each hydrogen or an organic group; and Z is hydrogen or hydroxyl, or alternatively, Y, R?b, and Rc; Rd to Rg¿; and/or R?i and Rj¿ together with the carbon atom(s) adjacent thereto may form a ring.)
Abstract:
A process for preparing organic sulfur acids or salts thereof, which comprises reacting an organic substrate with a sulfur oxide in the presence of a metal compound catalyst in the absence of N-hydroxy- and N-oxo-cyclic imide compounds to thereby obtain the corresponding organic sulfur acid or a salt thereof. The organic substrate includes (a) methylene-bearing homo- and hetero-cyclic compounds, (b) compounds bearing methyne carbon atoms, (c) unsaturated compounds bearing methyl or methylene groups at the position adjacent to the unsaturated bond, (d) nonaromatic heterocyclic compounds having carbon-hydrogen bonds at the position adjacent to the heteroatom, (e) linear alkanes, and so on, while the sulfur oxide may be sulfur dioxide or the like. This process permits efficient production of organic sulfur acids or salts thereof under mild conditions.
Abstract:
A process for producing an aldehyde which comprises reacting a 1,2-diol (vic-diol) with oxygen in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst carried on a support to thereby oxidatively cleave the bond between two carbon atoms each having a hydroxyl group attached thereto, thus forming the corresponding aldehyde. The support is exemplified by active carbon, etc. As the catalytic component to be carried on the support, use can be made of organic ruthenium complexes such as dichlorotris(triphenylphosphine) ruthenium (II). By using this process, a 1,2-diol is oxidatively cleaved and thus the corresponding aldehyde can be effectively obtained.
Abstract:
A process for cooxidizing organic compounds which comprises, in the presence of an imide compound such as N-hydroxyphthalimide, oxidizing with molecular oxygen a compound (A) which is selected from among (A1) compounds having nonaromatic ethylenic linkage and (A2) ketones or alcohols corresponding to the ketones and a compound (B) which can be oxidized by the above imide compound with oxygen and is different from the above compound (A). As the compound (B), use can be made of (a) primary or secondary alcohols (benzhydrol, cyclohexanol, etc.), and (b) compounds having a carbon-hydrogen bond adjacent to an unsaturated bond (tetralin, ethylbenzene, etc.). Use of this process makes it possible to obtain the corresponding epoxy compounds from (A1) compounds having nonaromatic ethylenic linkage, and the corresponding esters or lactones from (A2) ketones or alcohols corresponding to the ketones, each at a high yield.
Abstract:
A process for producing hydrogen peroxide which comprises reacting a primary or secondary alcohol with oxygen in the presence of an imide compound represented by formula (1) (wherein R and R are the same or different and each represents hydrogen, halogeno, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or acyl, or R and R may be bonded to each other to form a double bond or an aromatic or nonaromatic ring; X represents oxygen or hydroxyl; and the groups R and R or the double bond or (non)aromatic ring containing R and R bonded to each other may contain bonded thereto one or two groups which are the same as the N-substituted cyclic imide group shown in formula (1)).