Abstract:
Um detailliertere Informationen über die Dehnungs-/ Spannungstensoren in den Kristalliten eines multikristallinen Festkörpers zu erhalten, muss die Kristallit-Orientierung bzgl. eines festen Tischkoordinatensystems bekannt sein. Die Information über die Kristallorientierung ist aber in den Intensitäten der Raman-Linien enthalten. Diese Kristallorientierung kann in einem ersten erfindungsgemässen Verfahren ermittelt werden, indem man die Intensitätsverläufe der Ramanbanden in Abhängigkeit der Polarisationseinstellungen des einfallenden und gestreuten Lichts auswertet. Die mechanischen Spannungen können in einem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren ermittelt werden, wobei ein ebener Spannungszustand bzgl. des globalen Tischkoordinatensystems für jeden Kristallit angesetzt werden kann. In einem dritten erfindungsgemässen Verfahren können mechanische Spannungen in einem Festkörper mit bekannter Kristallorientierung durch Messen von Frequenzverschiebungen der Ramanbanden gemessen werden.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of orthoesters, wherein a first orthoester and a first alcohol are guided into a rectification column such that in at least one area of the column the first orthoester and the first alcohol react with a second orthoester and a second alcohol, and the second orthoester and the second alcohol are removed from the reaction area.
Abstract:
Ruthenium-Heterogenkatalysator enthaltend Siliziumdioxid als Trägermaterial, wobei die Katalysatoroberfläche Erdalkalimetallionen (M 2+ ) enthält, Verfahren zur Hydrierung einer carbocyclischen aromatischen Gruppe zur entsprechenden carbocyclischen aliphatischen Gruppe, insbesondere ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Bisglycidylether der Formel (I), in der R CH 3 oder H bedeutet, durch Kernhydrierung des entsprechenden aromatischen Bisglycidylethers der Formel (II), in dem man den o.g. Ruthenium-Heterogenkatalysator einsetzt, und Bisglycidylether der Formel (I), herstellbar durch das o.g. Verfahren.
Abstract:
Beschrieben wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Orthoestern, bei dem man einen ersten Orthoester und einen ersten Alkohol unter solchen Bedingungen in eine Rektifikationskolonne einführt, dass in wenigstens einer Zone der Kolonne der erste Orthoester und erste Alkohol zu einem zweiten Orthoester und zweiten Alkohol reagieren, und den zweiten Orthoester und den zweiten Alkohol laufend aus der Reaktionszone entfernt.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for separating acids from chemical reaction mixtures by means of an auxiliary base. Said auxiliary base b) forms a salt with the acid, which is liquid at temperatures at which the valuable product is not significantly decomposed during separation, and c) the salt of the auxiliary base and the valuable product or the solution of the valuable product form two immiscible fluid phases in a suitable solvent.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a novel nucleic acid molecule and the protein of DCMAG-2, which is encoded by said molecule and relevant in congestive heart failure. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vector comprising said molecule, antibodies detecting said protein and transgenic non-human mammals overexpressing the corresponding gene product of DCMAG-2. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method of identifying of a compound for treating congestive heart failure which results from aberrant expression or regulation of the gene product of DCMAG-2.
Abstract:
Methods for detecting and identifying individual nucleic acid base phosphoramidites in a sample solution by matching fluorescent excitation and/or emission spectra to similar spectra of known phosphoramidites are disclosed. Methods of determining the accuracy of nucleic acid synthesis by analyzing fluorescent spectra of samples (influent, effluent, reaction mixtures) associated with individual coupling steps that use nucleic acid base phosphoramidites andidentifying the phosphoramidite contained in each sample are disclosed.
Abstract:
This invention is directed to oxoazaheterocyclyl compounds which inhibit Factor Xa, to oxoazaheterocyclyl compounds which inhibit both Factor Xa and Factor IIa, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, to intermediates useful for preparing these compounds, to a method of directly inhibiting Factor Xa and to a method of simultaneously directly inhibiting Factor Xa and Factor IIa.
Abstract:
The invention concerns an arrangement for assessing the reflection behaviour of an object (14), in particular an electro-optical display element, said arrangement displaying the conoscopically generated two-dimensional (flat) intensity distribution of reflection radiation on a two-dimensional detector array (17), said radiation resulting from a test beam (15) which is coupled in via the collimating lens (20) of precisely this conoscopic system (19). The position of the test beam in the rear (image side) focal plane of the collimating lens determines the angle and plane of incidence. The test beam is produced, for example in the collimated state, from a divergent source beam (23) fed directly into the focal plane on the image side. However, in order to be able in particular to measure and assess the reflection properties of display elements and their components even when illuminated in a quasi-diffuse manner, a collimated source beam is deflected via ultimately non-polarizing beam dividers in the direction of the optical axis of the lens system and is shaped to form a beam which converges at the front focus. The diameter of this source beam can be used to set a divergence of the test beam which resembles the diffuse irradiation. In this way, the reflection behaviour of electro-optical displays can be rapidly, reproducibly and quantitatively determined without direct mechanical direction scanning (or angle scanning) of the hemisphere for all the irradiation directions and types concerned (ranging from the directed to the diffuse) with white light or light adapted spectrally to the actual situation.
Abstract:
A process for packing flexible articles in a flexible bag (10) wherein said flexible bag (10) is sealed at its top panel (11) after introduction of said flexible articles leaving attached at least one flap (12) protruding from said top panel (11) of said flexible bag (10), said flap (12) comprises a grip area (14) and a grip area perimeter (15), characterised in that said flexible bag (10) is pre-made before said introduction of said flexible articles through an area corresponding to said top panel (11), a handle element (13) is shaped from said flap (12), said handle element (13) comprising a handle element perimeter (16).