公开(公告)号：US06407811B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-18

申请号：US09440786

申请日：1999-11-15

Applicant: Stuart C. Snyder ,  Judy K. Partin ,  Jon D. Grandy ,  Charles L. Jeffery

Inventor： Stuart C. Snyder ,  Judy K. Partin ,  Jon D. Grandy ,  Charles L. Jeffery

IPC: G01J330

CPC classification number: G01N21/6408 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/718

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring trace amounts of constituents in samples by using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and laser induced fluorescence under ambient conditions. The laser induced fluorescence is performed at a selected wavelength corresponding to an absorption state of a selected trace constituent. The intensity value of the emission decay signal which is generated by the trace constituent is compared to calibrated emission intensity decay values to determine the amount of trace constituent present.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于通过在环境条件下使用激光诱导击穿光谱和激光诱导荧光来测量样品中痕量成分的方法和装置。 在对应于所选择的微量成分的吸收状态的选定波长下进行激光诱导的荧光。 将由微量成分产生的发射衰减信号的强度值与校准的发射强度衰减值进行比较，以确定存在的痕量成分的量。

公开(公告)号：US08536481B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-17

申请号：US12020735

申请日：2008-01-28

Applicant: Peter C Kong ,  Jon D Grandy ,  Brent A Detering ,  Larry D Zuck

Inventor： Peter C Kong ,  Jon D Grandy ,  Brent A Detering ,  Larry D Zuck

IPC: B23K9/00

CPC classification number: H01J1/02 ,  H05H1/50 ,  H05H7/00

Abstract: Electrode assemblies for plasma reactors include a structure or device for constraining an arc endpoint to a selected area or region on an electrode. In some embodiments, the structure or device may comprise one or more insulating members covering a portion of an electrode. In additional embodiments, the structure or device may provide a magnetic field configured to control a location of an arc endpoint on the electrode. Plasma generating modules, apparatus, and systems include such electrode assemblies. Methods for generating a plasma include covering at least a portion of a surface of an electrode with an electrically insulating member to constrain a location of an arc endpoint on the electrode. Additional methods for generating a plasma include generating a magnetic field to constrain a location of an arc endpoint on an electrode.

Abstract translation: 用于等离子体反应器的电极组件包括用于将电弧端点约束到电极上的选定区域或区域的结构或装置。 在一些实施例中，结构或装置可以包括覆盖电极的一部分的一个或多个绝缘构件。 在另外的实施例中，结构或装置可以提供被配置为控制电极上的电弧终点的位置的磁场。 等离子体发生模块，装置和系统包括这样的电极组件。 用于产生等离子体的方法包括用电绝缘构件覆盖电极的至少一部分表面以约束电极上的电弧端点的位置。 用于产生等离子体的附加方法包括产生磁场以约束电极上的电弧终点的位置。

公开(公告)号：US07939026B2

公开(公告)日：2011-05-10

申请号：US11862416

申请日：2007-09-27

Applicant: Peter C. Kong ,  J. Stephen Herring ,  Jon D. Grandy

Inventor： Peter C. Kong ,  J. Stephen Herring ,  Jon D. Grandy

IPC: B01J19/08 ,  G21D5/08

CPC classification number: B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/082 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0877

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a chemical hydride is described and which includes a pseudo-plasma-electrolysis reactor which is operable to receive a solution capable of forming a chemical hydride and which further includes a cathode and a movable anode, and wherein the anode is moved into and out of fluidic, ohmic electrical contact with the solution capable of forming a chemical hydride and which further, when energized produces an oxygen plasma which facilitates the formation of a chemical hydride in the solution.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于形成化学氢化物的方法和装置，其包括伪等离子体电解反应器，其可操作以接收能够形成化学氢化物的溶液，并且还包括阴极和可移动​​阳极，并且其中阳极为 移入和流出与能够形成化学氢化物的溶液的流体，欧姆电接触，此外，当被激发时，产生促进在溶液中形成化学氢化物的氧等离子体。

公开(公告)号：US07741577B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-22

申请号：US11392141

申请日：2006-03-28

Applicant: Peter C. Kong ,  Jon D. Grandy ,  Brent A. Detering

Inventor： Peter C. Kong ,  Jon D. Grandy ,  Brent A. Detering

IPC: B23K10/00

CPC classification number: H05H1/34 ,  H05H1/30 ,  H05H2001/3452

Abstract: A device, method and system for generating a plasma is disclosed wherein an electrical arc is established and the movement of the electrical arc is selectively controlled. In one example, modular units are coupled to one another to collectively define a chamber. Each modular unit may include an electrode and a cathode spaced apart and configured to generate an arc therebetween. A device, such as a magnetic or electromagnetic device, may be used to selectively control the movement of the arc about a longitudinal axis of the chamber. The arcs of individual modules may be individually controlled so as to exhibit similar or dissimilar motions about the longitudinal axis of the chamber. In another embodiment, an inlet structure may be used to selectively define the flow path of matter introduced into the chamber such that it travels in a substantially circular or helical path within the chamber.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于产生等离子体的装置，方法和系统，其中建立电弧并且选择性地控制电弧的移动。 在一个示例中，模块化单元彼此耦合以共同限定室。 每个模块化单元可以包括间隔开并且被配置成在其间产生电弧的电极和阴极。 可以使用诸如磁性或电磁装置的装置来选择性地控制围绕腔室的纵向轴线的电弧运动。 单个模块的弧可以单独控制，以便围绕腔室的纵向轴线显示相似或不相似的运动。 在另一个实施例中，入口结构可用于选择性地限定引入室中的物质的流动路径，使得其在腔室内以大致圆形或螺旋状的路径行进。

公开(公告)号：US07303657B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-04

申请号：US10693291

申请日：2003-10-24

Applicant: Peter C. Kong ,  J. Stephen Herring ,  Jon D. Grandy

Inventor： Peter C. Kong ,  J. Stephen Herring ,  Jon D. Grandy

IPC: B01J19/08

CPC classification number: B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/082 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0877

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a chemical hydride is described and which includes a pseudo-plasma-electrolysis reactor which is operable to receive a solution capable of forming a chemical hydride and which further includes a cathode and a movable anode, and wherein the anode is moved into and out of fluidic, ohmic electrical contact with the solution capable of forming a chemical hydride and which further, when energized produces an oxygen plasma which facilitates the formation of a chemical hydride in the solution.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于形成化学氢化物的方法和装置，其包括伪等离子体电解反应器，其可操作以接收能够形成化学氢化物的溶液，并且还包括阴极和可移动​​阳极，并且其中阳极为 移入和流出与能够形成化学氢化物的溶液的流体，欧姆电接触，此外，当被激发时，产生促进在溶液中形成化学氢化物的氧等离子体。

公开(公告)号：US06372156B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-16

申请号：US09377583

申请日：1999-08-19

Applicant: Peter C. Kong ,  Jon D. Grandy

Inventor： Peter C. Kong ,  Jon D. Grandy

IPC: C07C102

CPC classification number: C01B3/342 ,  B01J12/002 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/0813 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B01J2219/0877 ,  B01J2219/0879 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  Y10S423/10

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention encompasses a method of chemically converting a first material to a second material. A first plasma and a second plasma are formed, and the first plasma is in fluid communication with the second plasma. The second plasma comprises activated hydrogen and oxygen, and is formed from a water vapor. A first material is flowed into the first plasma to at least partially ionize at least a portion of the first material. The at least partially ionized first material is flowed into the second plasma to react at least some components of the first material with at least one of the activated hydrogen and activated oxygen. Such converts at least some of the first material to a second material. In another aspect, the invention encompasses a method of forming a synthetic gas by flowing a hydrocarbon-containing material into a hybrid-plasma system. In yet another aspect, the invention encompasses a method of degrading a hydrocarbon-containing material by flowing such material into a hybrid-plasma system. In yet another aspect, the invention encompasses a method of releasing an inorganic component of a complex comprising the inorganic component and an other component, wherein the complex is flowed through a hybrid-plasma system.

Abstract translation: 在一个方面，本发明包括将第一材料化学转化为第二材料的方法。 形成第一等离子体和第二等离子体，第一等离子体与第二等离子体流体连通。 第二等离子体包括活性氢和氧，并由水蒸气形成。 第一材料流入第一等离子体以至少部分地离子化第一材料的至少一部分。 所述至少部分电离的第一材料流入所述第二等离子体中以使所述第一材料的至少一些组分与所述活化的氢和活化氧中的至少一种反应。 这样将至少一些第一材料转化成第二材料。 在另一方面，本发明包括通过使含烃材料流入混合等离子体系来形成合成气体的方法。 在另一方面，本发明包括通过将这种材料流入混合等离子体系来降解含烃材料的方法。 在另一方面，本发明包括释放包含无机组分和其它组分的络合物的无机组分的方法，其中复合物流过混合等离子体系统。