Abstract:
Methods of applying adhesive to a surface of a substrate comprise: digitally applying a fixable fluid material to a portion of the substrate surface, fixing the first fluid material to form a fixed coating in contact with the substrate surface, wherein the fixed coating has at least one boundary that encloses a region of the substrate surface within the at least one boundary, and applying a second fluid material comprising at least one of an adhesive and an adhesive precursor to at least a portion of the enclosed region of the substrate surface. Various products, including laminated products, may be prepared according to such methods.
Abstract:
Structures having an interpenetrated polymer layer are described. The interpenetrating layer (230) comprises a mixture of a first component (211) and a second component (212), wherein the concentrations of the first component and the second component vary inversely across the thickness of the interpenetrating layer. Both interpenetrated surface layers (210, 220) and interpenetrated bonding layers (230) are described. Methods of forming an interpenetrated layer are also disclosed.
Abstract:
An electrical connector includes a contact for making electrical connection with a corresponding contact of a mating connector. The electrical connector further includes a carbon layer disposed on a contact surface of the contact. The carbon layer has a morphology comprising graphite platelets embedded in nano-crystalline carbon.
Abstract:
A transparent conductive article includes a transparent substrate, a thin electrically conductive grid, and a carbon nanolayer. The grid is disposed on the substrate, and the carbon nanolayer is also disposed on the substrate and in contact with the grid. The conductive grid and the carbon nanolayer may have thicknesses of no more than 1 micron and 50 nanometers, respectively. The carbon nanolayer has a morphology that includes graphite platelets embedded in nano-crystalline carbon, and can be produced with a buffing procedure using dry carbon particles without substantially damaging the grid structure. The article may have a visible light transmission of at least 80%, and a sheet resistance less than 500 or 100 ohms/square. The transparent substrate may comprise a flexible polymer film. The disclosed articles may substantially maintain an initial sheet resistance value when subjected to flexing.
Abstract:
A method of producing an aqueous dispersion of few-layer graphene nanosheets is disclosed, the method including: (a) mixing graphite particles with a perfluorosulfonate ionomer in an aqueous liquid, to form an aqueous dispersion of graphite particles; and (b) sonicating the aqueous dispersion of graphite particles to form an aqueous dispersion of few-layer graphene nanosheets, wherein the perfluorosulfonate ionomer is disposed as a thin and continuous layer on the few-layer graphene nanosheets. A composition is also disclosed, comprising an aqueous dispersion of a mixture of: (a) a perfluorosulfonate ionomer; and (b) a plurality of few-layer graphene nanosheets; wherein the perfluorosulfonate ionomer is disposed as a thin and continuous layer on the few-layer graphene nanosheets.
Abstract:
A transparent conductive article includes a transparent substrate, a thin electrically conductive grid, and a carbon nanolayer. The grid is disposed on the substrate, and the carbon nanolayer is also disposed on the substrate and in contact with the grid. The conductive grid and the carbon nanolayer may have thicknesses of no more than 1 micron and 50 nanometers, respectively. The carbon nanolayer has a morphology that includes graphite platelets embedded in nano-crystalline carbon, and can be produced with a buffing procedure using dry carbon particles without substantially damaging the grid structure. The article may have a visible light transmission of at least 80%, and a sheet resistance less than 500 or 100 ohms/square. The transparent substrate may comprise a flexible polymer film. The disclosed articles may substantially maintain an initial sheet resistance value when subjected to flexing.
Abstract:
A method for forming a polylactide film includes the steps (a) through (c). In step (a), a treated tool surface is provided with a release coating. The treated tool surface is maintained at a predetermined temperature of about the glass transition temperature of the polylactide or higher. In step (b) the treated tool surface is contacted with a molten polylactide composition to provide a polylactide film. The film is at least partially crystalline, and the crystallinity of the polylactide film is enhanced due to exposure of the molten polylactide composition to the treated tool surface at the predetermined temperature. In step (c) the polylactide film is removed from the treated tool surface. Additionally, a film is provided that is made by the foregoing method, and the film may be formed into an article or a part of an article. In some cases, the article is a disposable garment such as a diaper. In other cases, the article may be a tape made with the foregoing film, where the film includes first and second major surfaces and a layer of adhesive on at least one of the major surfaces.
Abstract:
A method of producing an aqueous dispersion of few-layer graphene nanosheets is disclosed, the method including: (a) mixing graphite particles with a perfluorosulfonate ionomer in an aqueous liquid, to form an aqueous dispersion of graphite particles; and (b) sonicating the aqueous dispersion of graphite particles to form an aqueous dispersion of few-layer graphene nanosheets, wherein the perfluorosulfonate ionomer is disposed as a thin and continuous layer on the few-layer graphene nanosheets. A composition is also disclosed, comprising an aqueous dispersion of a mixture of: (a) a perfluorosulfonate ionomer; and (b) a plurality of few-layer graphene nanosheets; wherein the perfluorosulfonate ionomer is disposed as a thin and continuous layer on the few-layer graphene nanosheets.
Abstract:
Structures having an interpenetrated polymer layer are described. The interpenetrating layer (230) comprises a mixture of a first component (211) and a second component (212), wherein the concentrations of the first component and the second component vary inversely across the thickness of the interpenetrating layer. Both interpenetrated surface layers (210, 220) and interpenetrated bonding layers (230) are described. Methods of forming an interpenetrated layer are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A transparent conductive article includes a transparent substrate, a thin electrically conductive grid, and a carbon nanolayer. The grid is disposed on the substrate, and the carbon nanolayer is also disposed on the substrate and in contact with the grid. The conductive grid and the carbon nanolayer may have thicknesses of no more than 1 micron and 50 nanometers, respectively. The carbon nanolayer has a morphology that includes graphite platelets embedded in nano-crystalline carbon, and can be produced with a buffing procedure using dry carbon particles without substantially damaging the grid structure. The article may have a visible light transmission of at least 80%, and a sheet resistance less than 500 or 100 ohms/square. The transparent substrate may comprise a flexible polymer film. The disclosed articles may substantially maintain an initial sheet resistance value when subjected to flexing.