Abstract:
The present invention of operating a first battery system (10), wherein the first battery system (10) is part of a plurality of interconnected battery systems (10, 12, 14, 16), wherein - at least the first battery system (10) of the plurality of battery systems (10, 12, 14, 16) is positioned in a first electrically driven vehicle of public transport and at least a second battery system (12, 14, 16) of the plurality of battery systems (10, 12, 14, 16) is positioned in a second electrically driven vehicle of public transport, wherein - at least the first battery system (10) is connected to at least the second battery system (12, 14, 16) via a data connection (11), wherein - the first battery system (10) is operated based at least on operating information of the first battery system (10) and of the second battery system (12, 14, 16), and wherein - the operating information of the first battery system (10) comprise at least one of location information, driving information, and status information of the first battery system (10) and wherein the operating information of the second battery system (12, 14, 16) comprise at least one of location information, driving information, and status information of the second battery system (12, 14, 16). Such a method provides an improved reliability of a system of public transport.
Abstract:
A method for operating an ensemble of electric assets powered by a set S of rechargeable electric storage units is disclosed, said assets being configured to perform a primary purpose, unrelated to storage or provision of electric energy, in particular a transportation task, according to a pre-determined schedule, the method including the steps of a) selecting, at a time to, based on the schedule, a first subset S 1 of the rechargeable electric storage units for providing ancillary grid services to a grid operator during an interval of time [ t 1 , t 2 ] in a future of to; b) determining, based on properties of the subset S 1 , related to the ancillary services; c) communicating said specifications to a grid operator; d) during the interval of time [ t 1 , t 2 ], providing ancillary grid services in accordance with the specifications, wherein at least a second subset S 2 of rechargeable electric storage units, said second subset being a subset of the first subset S 1 , preferably being identical to the first subset, is used to store or supply electric energy, wherein e) a state of health, in particular a remaining expected lifetime, for each electric storage unit of a third subset S 3 of electric storage units, preferably all rechargeable electric storage units, is taken into account in the selection in step a).
Abstract:
A method for controlling an electrical converter (12) comprises the steps of: receiving an actual electrical quantity (20) relating to the electrical converter (12) and a reference quantity (22); determining a future state of the electrical converter (12) by minimizing an objective function based on the actual electrical quantity and the reference quantity as initial optimization variables; and determining the next switching state for the electrical converter (12) from the future state of the electrical converter (12). The objective function is iteratively optimized by: calculating optimized unconstrained optimization variables based on computing a gradient of the objective function with respect to optimization variables; and calculating optimization variables for a next iteration step by projecting the unconstrained optimization variables on constraints. The computation of the gradient and/or the projection is performed in parallel in more than one computing unit (44, 50, 70).