Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines magnetischen Durchflussmessers, gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Um hierbei zu erreichen, dass zusätzlich zur Messung der Füllstandshöhe im Messrohr eine selektive Unterscheidbarkeit zwischen Sedimentation, Schaumbildung, falsche Einbaulage möglich wird, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass die Füllhöhe durch die Durchführung zweier unabhängiger Messungen bestimmt wird, indem zwei Spannungen zwischen verschiedenen Elektrodenpaaren zeitgleich gemessen werden.
Abstract:
A method for determining an average temperature of a fluid in a closable container (1) comprising: providing a duct (4) with first opening (11a) and second opening (11b), positioning a flow preventing element (7) in the duct (4), positioning a density sensor (3) or first pressure sensor (3) inside the duct (4) or container (1), attaching the duct (4) to a container outside wall, stabilizing a temperature of the duct wall (10) to a constant reference value, determining a difference between a first pressure of the fluid on one side and a second pressure of the fluid on the other side of the flow preventing element (7), measuring a local density of the fluid by the density sensor (3) and/or a local pressure by the first pressure sensor (3), and deriving the average temperature from the local differential pressure, the local density and the reference duct temperature.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a vacuum interrupter arrangement for a medium voltage circuit breaker comprising a vacuum housing (4) within which a pair of electrical contacts (2a, 2b) are coaxially arranged and concentrically surrounded by the cylindrical shaped vacuum housing (4), wherein the electrical contacts (2a, 2b) are formed in a type of TMF-contacts, each comprising a slotted cup-shaped contact part (9a; 9b) which is attached to the distal end of a contact shaft (8a; 8b) and which is covered by a contact ring (10) disposed on the rim (11) of the cup-shaped contact part (9a; 9b), wherein each cup-shaped contact part (9; 9"; 9"; 9""; 9"") is provided with a vertical inward bending towards the contact ring (10), wherein the outer diameter of the bottom section of the cup-shaped contact part (9; 9'; 9"; 9""; 9''") is larger than the outer diameter of its rim section (11), in order to alter the Lorentz force to a respective inward direction.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method to determine the pressure inside of a vacuum interrupter for medium or high voltage use, wherein at least one fixed contact piece and at least one movable contact piece are arranged inside the technical vacuum of a vacuum interrupter, and wherein the contact pieces are electrically connected to external electrical fixation points, according to the preamble of claim 1 and 5. In order to to implement a high accuracy pressure sensoring in the rough conditions inside a vacuum interrupter, without additional means internally to the vacuum interrupter, the external electrical fixation points are connected with an external electrical energy source, and that in the disconnected or open position of the vacuum interrupter, the effect of a cold cathode vacuum gauge will be used, in that the leakage current between the open contacts generates an x-ray induced ionization of the rest- gas inside the vaccum interrupter, and that the resulting current is measured with high resolution, in order to determine by this current the restgas pressure inside the vacuum interrupter.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method to determine the pressure inside of a vacuum interrupter for medium or high voltage use, wherein at least one fixed contact piece and at least one movable contact piece are arranged inside the technical vacuum of a vacuum interrupter, and wherein the contact pieces are electrically connected to external electrical fixation points, according to the preamble of claim 1 and 5. In order to to implement a high accuracy pressure sensoring in the rough conditions inside a vacuum interrupter, without additional means internally to the vacuum interrupter, the external electrical fixation points are connected with an external electrical energy source, and that in the disconnected or open position of the vacuum interrupter, the effect of a cold cathode vacuum gauge will be used, in that the leakage current between the open contacts generates an x-ray induced ionization of the rest- gas inside the vaccum interrupter, and that the resulting current is measured with high resolution, in order to determine by this current the restgas pressure inside the vacuum interrupter.
Abstract:
A method for determining an average temperature of a fluid in a closable container (1) comprising: providing a duct (4) with first opening (11a) and second opening (11b), positioning a flow preventing element (7) in the duct (4), positioning a density sensor (3) or first pressure sensor (3) inside the duct (4) or container (1), attaching the duct (4) to a container outside wall, stabilizing a temperature of the duct wall (10) to a constant reference value, determining a difference between a first pressure of the fluid on one side and a second pressure of the fluid on the other side of the flow preventing element (7), measuring a local density of the fluid by the density sensor (3) and/or a local pressure by the first pressure sensor (3), and deriving the average temperature from the local differential pressure, the local density and the reference duct temperature.