Abstract:
The invention concerns a method for the production of anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid. The method is characterized in that a liquid of general formula (I) that is used as extracting agent is also used as washing liquid for the off-gas produced during implementation of the method, wherein radicals R and R represent alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups or R and R together form with the N atom a heterocyclic five or six-membered ring and in which only one of the radicals is an aryl group and in which R stands for hydrogen or a C1-C4-alkyl group.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for distillative separation of triethanolamin from a substance mixture consisting of mono- di-, and triethanolamin, ethanolamin-ether and water obtainable by an ammonia and ethylene oxide reaction in a liquid phase at a high pressure and temperature consisting in distilling the substance mixture in two stages. In the first stage, a low-boiling fraction and a high-boiling fraction are withdrawn and discharged, and in the second stage, a medium-boiling fractions is distilled at a triethanolamin content >99.4 % by weight and a diethanolamin content
Abstract:
The invention concerns a device and a method for obtaining anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid. Said device is partly or totally made of a zirconium-free material. A liquid of general formula (I) is used as extracting agent, wherein radicals R and R represent alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups or R and R form together with the N atom a heterocyclic five or six-membered ring and in which only one of the radicals is an aryl group and in which R stands for hydrogen or a C1-C4-alkyl group. The device comprises the following equipment: (i) a synthesis reactor (6); (ii) a hydrolysis reactor (1); (iii) a first distillation device (2); (iv) a second distillation device (4); (v) an extraction device (3) and (vi) a third distillation device (5). The material has been selected from the group consisting of the following classes of materials: titanium-palladium alloys, nickel-based materials containing chrome, molybdenum, and/or wolfram and high-alloy, austenitic special chrome-nickel steels containing molybdenum.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of producing methyl formiate by reacting excess methanol with carbon monoxide under increased pressure and increased temperature in the presence of an alkalimethylate or alkaline earth methylate as the catalyst in a pressure-proof reactor. The inventive method uses at least two reactor elements, preferably countercurrent reactors, at a temperature of approximately 100 DEG C and a pressure of approximately 100 bar in combination with a solid-matter free desalination of the reactor product. The inventive method provides a means for producing methyl formiate of any quality desired and with an excellent production capacity in a very economical and complication-free manner. The invention further relates to a method of solid-matter free desalination and to devices for carrying out the inventive method.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for obtaining formic acid which is completely free of water or free of water to a large extent. Aqueous formic acid is produced first by hydrolysing methyl formate and then liberated from the water in subsequent reprocessing. The inventive method is characterised in that the water vapour that is used for the hydrolysis of the methyl formate and for heating a distillation column used for reprocessing is also used as stripping steam for stripping off the waste water. The stripped waste water is produced during the reprocessing.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for obtaining anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid in which, during the work-up, a compound of the general formula Iwhere the radicals R1 and R2 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups, or R1 and R2 jointly, together with the N atom, form a heterocyclic 5- or 6-membered ring, and only one of the radicals is an aryl group, and where R3 is hydrogen or a C1-C4-alkyl group,is employed simultaneously as extractant for formic acid and as antifoam for a distillation process.
Abstract:
A description is given of a process for preparing methyl formate by reacting excess methanol with carbon monoxide under superatmospheric pressure and at elevated temperature in the presence of alkali metal methoxide or alkaline earth metal methoxide as catalyst in a pressure-rated reactor, in which the use of at least two reactor elements, preferably operated in countercurrent, at about 100° C. and a pressure of about 100 bar in combination with a solids-free desalting of the reaction product makes possible very economical, largely trouble-free production of methyl formate in any desired quality and with a very good production capacity. Furthermore, the process for solids-free desalting and apparatuses for carrying out this process are described.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an apparatus and a process for the preparation of anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid. This apparatus is constructed partly or entirely of substantially zirconium-free materials. The extractant employed is a liquid of the general formula I where the radicals R 1 and R 2 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups, or R 1 and R 2 jointly, together with the N atom, form a heterocyclic 5- or 6-membered ring, and only one of the radicals is an aryl group, and where R 3 is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl group. The apparatus has a synthesis reactor ( 6 ), a hydrolysis reactor ( 1 ), three distillation devices ( 2,4,5 ) and an extraction device ( 3 ).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid. The process has the special feature that a liquid of the general formula Iwhere the radicals R and R are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups, or R and R jointly, together with the N atom, form a heterocyclic 5- or 6-membered ring, and only one of the radicals is an aryl group, and where R is hydrogen or a C1-C4-alkyl group, employed as extractant is also employed as washing liquid for the offgases produced in the process.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for obtaining anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid, in which firstly aqueous formic acid is produced by hydrolysis of methyl formate, with the methanol content in the methyl formate having been reduced in advance. The process according to the invention has the special feature that-before the hydrolysis of the methyl formate-the methanol content of the methanol-containing methyl formate is reduced in a distillation column, this distillation column simultaneously being employed for other separation functions during work-up of the formic acid.