Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for continually producing 1,3-dioxolan-2-ones such as ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate by reacting a corresponding oxirane with carbon dioxide in liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction is carried out in a two-part reactor. In the first part of the reactor, the reaction is carried out with back-mixing until a conversion rate of oxirane II of at least 80 % has been reached. In the second part, the reaction is completed under conditions without back-mixing, the carbon dioxide being guided to the oxirane II in a counterflow throughout the reactor.
Abstract:
The invention concerns fuel or lubricant additives based on the reaction products of an ethylenically unsaturated poly-1-alkene derived from one or more 1-alkenes with 3 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 to 50% by wt. of ethene, as well as a method of producing the additives and fuel and additive compositions containing such additives.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/EP97/00245 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 24, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 24, 1998 PCT Filed Jan. 20, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97/26970 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 31, 1997The invention relates to a process for evaporating a liquid containing vaporizable oxidation-sensitive compounds in an evaporator in which the liquid is brought into contact with a heated solid surface for evaporation, by a process in which direct contact between the resulting vapor phase and the heated solid surface is substantially avoided. It also directed to an evaporator composed of a heatable solid surface (16), an apparatus (2, 3) for heating the solid surface and an apparatus (10) for feeding a liquid containing vaporizable compounds to the heatable solid surface, wherein the apparatus for feeding the liquid is designed and arranged in the evaporator in such a way (12, 14, 18) that direct contact between a resulting vapor phase and the heatable solid surface is substantially avoided.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/EP94/01113 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 23, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 23, 1995 PCT Filed Apr. 11, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO94/24231 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 27, 1994Fuel and lubricant compositions contain a poly-1-n-alkenylamine as an additive.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/EP97/00271 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 16, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 16, 1998 PCT Filed Jan. 21, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97/27164 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 31, 1997A process for obtaining glycols of low aldehyde content in which the plant used to obtain the glycol(s) is surface-treated, in whole or in part, with at least one reductive phosphorus compound.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the preparation of fatty alcohol alkoxylates by alkoxylation of monovalent aliphatic alcohols with 6 to 24 C atoms or esters from hydroxycarboxylic acids with 6 to 24 C atoms and monovalent or polyvalent alcohols with alkylene oxides in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst, containing a double metal cyanide complex compound of general formula (I): M a[M (CN)b(A)c]d . fM gXn . h(H2O). eL, wherein M and M represent certain metal ions which are identical or different; A and X represent anions from the group consisting of halogenide, hydroxide, sulfate, carbonate, cyanide, thiocyanate, isocyanate, cyanate, carboxylate, oxalate or nitrate; L represents a ligand that may be mixed with water from the group consisting of alcohols, aldehyde, ketone, ether, polyether, ester, urea, amide, nitrile and sulfide, wherein a, b, c, d, g and n are selected in such a way that electroneutrality of the compound is guaranteed, e represents a coordination number of the ligand and f and h represent a fractional or whole number higher than 0 or equal 0.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/EP95/03809 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 7, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 7, 1997 PCT Filed Sep. 26, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/11225 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 18, 1996The preparation of alkoxylates of oligoamines or polyamines by a two-stage procedure where, in the first stage, one molecule of alkylene oxide per NH group is added onto the oligoamines or polyamines in the presence of water, alcohols or acids or a mixture thereof in the absence of a neutral or basic catalyst and, in the second stage, after removal of water and acids reaction with further alkylene oxide is carried out in the presence of a conventional neutral or basic catalyst, entails, before the second stage is carried out, an organic solvent or diluent or a mixture thereof from the group of (a) alcohols and phenols and their alkoxylates, (b) polyalcohols based on ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or a mixture thereof, (c) N-substituted carboxamides, (d) alkanolmonoamines and alkanolpolyamines and their alkoxylates, (e) other alkoxylates of oligoamines or polyamines, (f) aromatic hydrocarbons, (g) aliphatic hydrocarbons, (h) ethers and (i) sulfones or sulfoxides being added.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/EP95/03809 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 7, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 7, 1997 PCT Filed Sep. 26, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/11225 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 18, 1996The preparation of alkoxylates of oligoamines or polyamines by a two-stage procedure where, in the first stage, one molecule of alkylene oxide per NH group is added onto the oligoamines or polyamines in the presence of water, alcohols or acids or a mixture thereof in the absence of a neutral or basic catalyst and, in the second stage, after removal of water and acids reaction with further alkylene oxide is carried out in the presence of a conventional neutral or basic catalyst, entails, before the second stage is carried out, an organic solvent or diluent or a mixture thereof from the group of (a) alcohols and phenols and their alkoxylates, (b) polyalcohols based on ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or a mixture thereof, (c) N-substituted carboxamides, (d) alkanolmonoamines and alkanolpolyamines and their alkoxylates, (e) other alkoxylates of oligoamines or polyamines, (f) aromatic hydrocarbons, (g) aliphatic hydrocarbons, (h) ethers and (i) sulfones or sulfoxides being added.
Abstract:
Preparation of O-(2-hydroxyalkyl) oximes of formula (I), (R1 and R2 are alkyl or R1 and R2 and the common C atom are 5-membered to 7-membered cycloalkyl; R3 is alkyl) by causing a ketoxime II to react with an olefin oxide III in the presence of a tertiary amine or with a carbonate IV in the presence of a catalyst. The end products (I) are suitable for use as intermediates for crop protection agents.