Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell operable at 950 deg.C or less. SOLUTION: This fuel cell contains a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte, and the cathode contains a material represented by the composition formula (Sr1-x Cax )1-y Ay Mn1-z Bz O3-δ . (In the formula, A represents at least one element selected from a group comprising Ba, Pb, Na, K, Y, and La; B represents at least one element selected from a group comprising Mg, Al, Ga, In, Sn, and elements of the subgroup 4, the subgroup 5, and the subgroup 6 in the periodic table of the elements; x is represents a value of 0.2-0.8; y represents a value of 0-0.4; z represents a value of 0 to less than 1, and δ represents a value necessary for satisfying the principle of electrical neutrality.) The fuel cell operating at moderate temperature is provided.
Abstract:
The invention relates to reaction membranes that contain a selective oxidation catalyst disposed on a ceramic membrane that selectively conducts oxide ions and that is composed of (Sr1-xCax)1-yAyMn1-zBzO3- delta , wherein A represents Ba, Pb, Na, K, Y, an element of the lanthanide group or a combination of these elements, B represents Mg, Al, Ga, In, Sn, an element of the 3d or 4d period or a combination of these elements, x is a number of from 0.2 to 0.8, y is a number of from 0 to 0.4, z is a number of from 0 to 0.6 and delta is a number that results from the principle of electroneutrality on the basis of x, y and z. The inventive reaction membranes are suitable for use in oxidative reactions of hydrocarbons in which oxygen is used.
Abstract:
Composite membranes comprising at least one porous substrate layer and at least one microporous separation layer, comprising at least one zeolite of the MFI type, are described, the separation layer being produced by a hydrothermal synthesis in which the molar ratio of silicon to aluminum is greater than 120 and the separation layer contains less than 10% by weight of aluminum in elemental or chemically bound form in a zone of at least 100 nm adjacent to the separation layer.
Abstract:
Composite membranes comprising at least one porous substrate layer and at least one microporous separation layer, comprising at least one zeolite of the MFI type, are described, the separation layer being produced by a hydrothermal synthesis in which the molar ratio of silicon to aluminum is greater than 120 and the separation layer contains less than 10% by weight of aluminum in elemental or chemically bound form in a zone of at least 100 nm adjacent to the separation layer.
Abstract:
Reactor membranes advantageously useful in oxidation reactions of hydrocarbons involving oxygen comprise a selective oxidation catalyst on a mixed conducting, oxide ion selective ceramic membrane of the composition (Sr1-xCax)1-yAyMn1-zBzO3-delta, where A is Ba, Pb, Na, K, Y, an element of the lanthanide group or a combination thereof, B is Mg, Al, Ga, In, Sn, an element of the 3d or 4d period or a combination thereof, x is from 0.2 to 0.8, y is from 0 to 0.4, z is from 0 to 0.6, and delta is a number, dependent on x, y and z, that renders the composition charge neutral.
Abstract:
Reactor membranes advantageously useful in oxidation reactions of hydrocarbons involving oxygen comprise a selective oxidation catalyst on a mixed conducting, oxide ion selective ceramic membrane of the composition (Sr1-xCax)1-yAyMn1-zBzO3-delta, where A is Ba, Pb, Na, K, Y, an element of the lanthanide group or a combination thereof, B is Mg, Al, Ga, In, Sn, an element of the 3d or 4d period or a combination thereof, x is from 0.2 to 0.8, y is from 0 to 0.4, z is from 0 to 0.6, and delta is a number, dependent on x, y and z, that renders the composition charge neutral.
Abstract:
The invention relates to reaction membranes that contain a selective oxidation catalyst disposed on a ceramic membrane that selectively conducts oxide ions and that is composed of (Sr1-xCax)1-yAyMn1-zBzO3- delta , wherein A represents Ba, Pb, Na, K, Y, an element of the lanthanide group or a combination of these elements, B represents Mg, Al, Ga, In, Sn, an element of the 3d or 4d period or a combination of these elements, x is a number of from 0.2 to 0.8, y is a number of from 0 to 0.4, z is a number of from 0 to 0.6 and delta is a number that results from the principle of electroneutrality on the basis of x, y and z. The inventive reaction membranes are suitable for use in oxidative reactions of hydrocarbons in which oxygen is used.