Abstract:
A method of dehydration of at least one compound (A) comprising, in the chain form, -at least one hydroxyl group and -at least one carbonyl functionality selected from the group consisting of aldehyde (CHO), ke- tone (CO) and carboxylic acid (COOH) and mixtures thereof,in the presence of at least one zeolite which is (a) obtainable from an organotemplate-free synthetic process and (b) isomorphously substituted comprising silicon, aluminum and at least one further metal wherein the at least one further metal is selected from the group consisting of the elements of Group 3 to 14 in Period 4 to 6and mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a mixture comprising 5-(hydroxy- methyl)furfural (HMF) and one or more HMF esters of formula (I, the process comprising the following steps: (A-1) preparing or providing a starting mixture comprising one, two or more carbohydrate compounds selected from the group consisting of hexoses, oligosaccharides comprising hexose units, and polysaccharides comprising hexose units, and as the solvent or as a co-solvent for said carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) (A-2) subjecting said starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of said one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of said amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, so that a mixture results comprising 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and/or said one or more HMF esters of formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of formula (III) and a remaining fraction of said amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) wherein the starting mixture prepared or provided in step (A-1) comprises a total amount of carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) of at least 50 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the starting mixture.
Abstract:
A lubricant comprising 2,5-(bishydroxymethyl) tetryhydrofuran dialkanoates This invention relates to a lubricant comprising a THF ester of the formula (I) as defined below. This invention further relates to a use of the THF ester as lubricant; and to a method for reducing friction between moving surfaces comprising the step of contacting the surfaces with the lubricant or with the THF ester.
Abstract:
Uso de al menos un compuesto de la fórmula general (I) **Ver fórmula** en la que X representa *-(C=O)-O-, *-(CH2)n-O- o *-(CH2)n-O-(C=O)-, en las que * representa el punto de unión con el anillo de tetrahidrofurano y n exhibe el valor 0, 1 o 2; y R1 y R2 son elegidos independientemente uno de otro de entre alquilo C4-C5 y cicloalquilo C5-C6, en el que los radicales cicloalquilo son no sustituidos o pueden ser sustituidos por al menos un radical alquilo C1-C10, o una composición de plastificante, que contiene al menos un compuesto de la fórmula general (I), como se definió anteriormente, y al menos un plastificante diferente de los compuestos de la fórmula (I), como plastificante para polímeros y elastómeros termoplásticos.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, the process comprising the following steps: (A-1) preparing or providing a starting mixture comprising one, two or more carbohydrate compounds selected from the group consisting of hexoses, oligosaccharides comprising hexose units, and polysaccharides comprising hexose units, and as the solvent or as a co-solvent for said carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) (A-2) subjecting said starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of said one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of said amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, so that a mixture results comprising 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and/or said one or more HMF esters of formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of formula (III) and a remaining fraction of said amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II).
Abstract:
Composición plastificante, que contiene a) al menos un compuesto de la fórmula general (I),**Fórmula** en la que X representa *-(C>=O)-O-, *-(CH2)n-O- o *-(CH2)n-O-(C>=O)-, en la que * representa el punto de unión con el anillo tetrahidrofurano y n exhibe el valor 0, 1 o 2; y R1 y R2 son elegidos independientemente uno de otro de entre alquilo C4-C5 y cicloalquilo C5-C6, en los que los radicales cicloalquilo son no sustituidos o pueden estar sustituidos por al menos un radical alquilo C1-C10, b) al menos un compuesto de la fórmula general (II),**Fórmula** en la que R3 y R4 son elegidos independientemente uno de otro de entre radicales alquilo C7-C12 ramificados y no ramificados.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a plasticizer composition containing at least one furan derivative and at least one 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic ester, to molding compounds containing a thermoplastic polymer or an elastomer and a plasticizer composition of said type, and to the use of said plasticizer compositions and molding compounds.