Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing cerium dioxide nanoparticles which can be used as a component of a fuel additive composition.SOLUTION: A method for manufacturing cerium dioxide nanoparticles includes: a) a process of providing a first cerium ion source, a hydroxide ion source, nanoparticles stabilizer and an aqueous reaction mixture having an oxidant at an initial temperature of 20°C or lower; b) a process of forming a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles by mechanically shearing the mixture and passing it through a boring screen; and c) a process of forming cerium nanoparticles having an average diameter in a range of about 1 mm to about 15 mm by increasing the initial temperature and causing oxidation of a primary cerium ion to a second cerium ion. Cerium dioxide nanoparticles can be formed by continuous processes.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide cerium dioxide nanoparticles CeMOincluding at least one transition metal (M) and a method for preparing such particles.SOLUTION: In a process for forming cerium dioxide nanoparticles including at least one transition metal (M), a product flow including transition metal-containing cerium dioxide nanoparticles CeMO(x bears a value of approximately 0.3 to approximately 0.8) is generated by using a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles prepared by mechanically shearing an aqueous admixture including an oxidant at an amount effective for oxidizing trivalent cerium ions into tetravalent cerium ions. The nanoparticles thus obtained have a cubic fluorite-type structure, an average rheological diameter of approximately 1 to approximately 10 nm, and a geometric diameter of less than approximately 4 nm. A particle dispersion system within a non-polar medium can be prepared by using transition metal-containing crystalline cerium dioxide nanoparticles.
Abstract:
A process for making cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles includes providing an aqueous reaction mixture containing a source of cerous ion, optionally a source of one or more metal ions (M) other than cerium, a source of hydroxide ion, at least one monoether carboxylic acid nanoparticle stabilizer wherein the molar ratio of said monoether carboxylic acid nanoparticle stabilizers to total metal ions is greater than 0.2, and an oxidant at an initial temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 95°C. Temperature conditions are provided effective to enable oxidation of cerous ion to ceric ion, thereby forming a product dispersion of cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles, optionally containing one or more metal ions (M), Ce1-xMxO2-d, wherein "x" has a value from about 0.0 to about 0.95. The nanoparticles may have a mean hydrodynamic diameter from about 1 nm to about 50 nm, and a geometric diameter of less than about 45 nm.
Abstract:
A method for forming a structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle including the steps of forming a first aqueous cerium(lll) reaction mixture, with optional metal/s other than cerium, a base, and a stabilizer; introducing an oxidant to singly oxidize cerium (III), followed by thermal formation of a doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core; then providing a second reaction mixture of one or more metal ions other than cerium, and optionally cerium (III) ions and sufficient cerium (III) oxidant, followed by thermally converting the mixture into a shell around the doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core, wherein the ratio of metal ions in the core differs from the ratio of metal ions in the shell. The disclosed structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle may exhibit cubic fluorite crystal structure and possess a diameter in the range 1 nm-20 nm. A dispersion of the developed nanoparticle may be used as a fuel additive.
Abstract:
A method of making cerium dioxide nanoparticles includes: a) providing an aqueous reaction mixture having a source of cerous ion, a source of hydroxide ion, a nanoparticle stabilizer, and an oxidant at an initial temperature no higher than about 20° C.; b) mechanically shearing the mixture and causing it to pass through a perforated screen, thereby forming a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles; and c) raising the initial temperature to achieve oxidation of cerous ion to eerie ion and thereby form cerium dioxide nanoparticles having a mean diameter in the range of about 1 nm to about 15 nm. The cerium dioxide nanoparticles may be formed in a continuous process.
Abstract:
A process for making cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles includes providing an aqueous reaction mixture containing a source of cerous ion, optionally a source of one or more metal ions (M) other than cerium, a source of hydroxide ion, at least one monoether carboxylic acid nanoparticle stabilizer wherein the molar ratio of said monoether carboxylic acid nanoparticle stabilizers to total metal ions is greater than 0.2, and an oxidant at an initial temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 95°C. Temperature conditions are provided effective to enable oxidation of cerous ion to ceric ion, thereby forming a product dispersion of cerium-containing oxide nanoparticles, optionally containing one or more metal ions (M), Ce
Abstract:
A method for forming a structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle including the steps of forming a first aqueous cerium(lll) reaction mixture, with optional metal/s other than cerium, a base, and a stabilizer; introducing an oxidant to singly oxidize cerium (III), followed by thermal formation of a doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core; then providing a second reaction mixture of one or more metal ions other than cerium, and optionally cerium (III) ions and sufficient cerium (III) oxidant, followed by thermally converting the mixture into a shell around the doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core, wherein the ratio of metal ions in the core differs from the ratio of metal ions in the shell. The disclosed structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle may exhibit cubic fluorite crystal structure and possess a diameter in the range 1 nm-20 nm. A dispersion of the developed nanoparticle may be used as a fuel additive.
Abstract:
A method for forming a structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle including the steps of forming a first aqueous cerium(lll) reaction mixture, with optional metal/s other than cerium, a base, and a stabilizer; introducing an oxidant to singly oxidize cerium (III), followed by thermal formation of a doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core; then providing a second reaction mixture of one or more metal ions other than cerium, and optionally cerium (III) ions and sufficient cerium (III) oxidant, followed by thermally converting the mixture into a shell around the doped cerium oxide nanoparticle core, wherein the ratio of metal ions in the core differs from the ratio of metal ions in the shell. The disclosed structured doped cerium oxide nanoparticle may exhibit cubic fluorite crystal structure and possess a diameter in the range 1 nm-20 nm. A dispersion of the developed nanoparticle may be used as a fuel additive.
Abstract:
A process for making cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing at least one transition metal (M) utilizing a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles prepared by mechanical shearing of an aqueous mixture containing an oxidant in an amount effective to enable oxidation of cerous ion to eerie ion, thereby forming a product stream that contains transition metal-containing cerium dioxide nanoparticles, Cel-xMxO2, wherein "x" has a value from about 0.3 to about 0.8. The nanoparticles thus obtained have a cubic fluorite structure, a mean hydrodynamic diameter in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm, and a geometric diameter of less than about 4 run. The transition metal-containing crystalline cerium dioxide nanoparticles can be used to prepare a dispersion of the particles in a nonpolar medium.
Abstract:
A process for making cerium dioxide nanoparticles containing at least one transition metal (M) utilizing a suspension of cerium hydroxide nanoparticles prepared by mechanical shearing of an aqueous mixture containing an oxidant in an amount effective to enable oxidation of cerous ion to eerie ion, thereby forming a product stream that contains transition metal-containing cerium dioxide nanoparticles, Cel-xMxO2, wherein "x" has a value from about 0.3 to about 0.8. The nanoparticles thus obtained have a cubic fluorite structure, a mean hydrodynamic diameter in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm, and a geometric diameter of less than about 4 run. The transition metal-containing crystalline cerium dioxide nanoparticles can be used to prepare a dispersion of the particles in a nonpolar medium.