Abstract:
A piezoelectric element suitable for use as a sensor element in a hydrophone. In a preferred embodiment, the sensor element comprises a ceramic lead zirconate titanate substrate defining opposed ends and including at least first and second conductive strip electrodes on opposed top and bottom faces thereof. In accordance with the invention, at least one of the strip electrodes, and preferably at least the end of one of the strip electrodes disposed adjacent one of the opposed ends of the substrate, includes one or more spaced-apart laser cuts created during the manufacture of the sensor element for presetting the capacitance of the sensor element.
Abstract:
An RF module adapted for direct surface mounting to the front end of a picocell or microcell. The module includes a circuit board with a plurality of electrical components mounted thereon and defining respective RF signal transmit and receive sections. The signal transmit section is defined by at least a transmit bandpass filter, a power amplifier, an isolator, a coupler, and a duplexer. The signal receive section is defined by at least the duplexer, a receive low pass filter, a low-noise amplifier, and a receive bandpass filter. A lid covers selected ones of the electrical components except for at least the power amplifier. Through-holes in the circuit board below the power amplifier allow for the transfer of heat from the power amplifier.
Abstract:
A frequency-adjustable oscillator suitable for digital signal clock synchronization comprises a crystal oscillator circuit for generating a driving signal and having a voltage-variable control input for adjusting a frequency of the driving signal, a phase detector circuit for generating a phase offset signal, a filter which operates on the phase offset signal to produce a VCO control signal, a voltage controlled oscillator circuit operably linked to the filter and responsive to the VCO control signal for generating an analog controlled-frequency signal, a frequency divider circuit for generating a reduced frequency feedback signal in response to the controlled-frequency signal. The frequency-adjustable oscillator also includes a double-sided package including a platform having a central portion and an outer portion with sidewalls extending substantially upwardly and substantially downwardly from the outer portion of the platform. The upwardly extending sidewalls and the platform form a first cavity adapted to receive and electrically connect the quartz resonator. The downwardly extending sidewalls and the platform forming a second cavity adapted to receive and electrically connect at least one electronic component. A cover is coupled with the first cavity to create an isolated environment for containing the quartz resonator.
Abstract:
A ball grid array ceramic resonator (320) including a substrate (322) having one or more strips of conductive material (342) on opposed first and second surfaces of the substrate. One or more conductive vias (336) extend through the substrate and define termination ends in the respective substrate surfaces. In one embodiment, a plurality of conductive spheres/balls (396) defining respective ground pads are disposed over the ends of said vias terminating in said one or more strips of conductive material on said first or second surface and another conductive sphere is disposed over one of the strips of conductive material to define an RF signal input pad (398).
Abstract:
An RF Rx module adapted for direct surface mounting to the top surface of the front end of the motherboard of a picocell. The module comprises a printed circuit board having a plurality of direct surface mounted discrete electrical components defining a receive (Rx) section and path for RF signals. The signal receive section is defined by at least the following elements located under a lid which is attached to the surface of the board: a duplexer, a receive low pass filter, a low-noise amplifier, and a receive bandpass filter. At least one aperture in the board is adapted to accept a screw or the like for securing the module to the motherboard of the picocell.
Abstract:
A tuneable frequency translator is disclosed having electrical circuitry mounted to a circuit board. The circuitry is designed to provide a phase-locked loop with a resonator. Compliant material is positioned between the resonator and the circuit board. Operably coupled to the resonator is at least one passive device that is short-circuited by an electrically conductive lead. The resonant frequency of the frequency translator can be changed by severing the electrically conductive lead, and thus activating the associated passive device.
Abstract:
An RF module for use in an RF signal transceiver system. In one embodiment, the RF module comprises a substrate having at least a duplexer filter, first and second bandpass filters and first and second low noise amplifiers mounted thereon. The substrate includes respective edges having respective RF signal input/output and supply voltage terminals defined therein. The overall dimensions of the substrate and/or the location of the respective terminals have been predetermined in a manner which allows the same size substrate with the same terminal locations to be used for several different air interfaces such as, for example, EGSM, GSM 850, DCS, and PCS applications, irrespective of a specific air interface need for differently sized and/or additional filters.
Abstract:
An oscillator assembly includes an oscillator circuit that is configured to generate a frequency signal. A temperature compensation circuit is in communication with the oscillator circuit and adapted to adjust the frequency signal in response to changes in temperature. The oscillator and temperature compensation circuits are located within an oven. A heater and a temperature sensor in communication with the heater are also both located in the oven. The temperature sensor is adapted to directly control the heater in response to changes in temperature. In one embodiment, the oscillator components are mounted to a ball grid array substrate which, in turn, is mounted on a printed circuit board. In this embodiment, a resonator overlies the ball grid array substrate and a lid covers and defines an oven and enclosure for the resonator and the ball grid array substrate. The oscillator and temperature compensation circuit are defined on the ball grid array substrate.
Abstract:
A front end module for use in a wireless base station such as a picocell includes a housing defining a cavity for a substrate. A first section on the substrate defines a signal transmit path and includes at least the following discrete electronic components: a bandpass filter, a power amplifier, and a coupler. A second section on the substrate defines a signal receive path and includes at least the following discrete electronic components: a bandpass filter and a low-noise amplifier. A switch on the substrate interconnects the first and second sections to an antenna terminal and a wall in the housing extends through a slot in the substrate to isolate the components in the first and second sections. Terminals extend through an exterior wall of the housing and into contact with the substrate.
Abstract:
A voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) assembly and module incorporating a ball grid array resonator as part of the tank circuit of the voltage controlled oscillator. The VCO module preferably incorporates at least an oscillator circuit, the tank circuit, and an output buffer stage circuit all defined by a plurality of interconnected electrical/electronic components including the ball grid array resonator which are mounted to a printed circuit board. In another embodiment, the oscillator assembly also includes a phase-locked loop circuit defined at least in part by an integrated circuit mounted to the printed circuit board.