Abstract:
An apparatus for cleaning an exhaust gas comprising an elongated housing capable of receiving a catalyst monolith, said housing provided at one end with an exhaust gas entry opening, and provided at the other end with an exhaust gas discharge opening, at least two bridges spaced apart within said housing and attached to said housing, at least one supporting rod for said monolith, said rod secured to one of said bridges and movably mounted on another of said bridges, a monolith catalyst having flow channels and at least one bore for receiving said at least one supporting rod, said bore being provided in the direction of said flow channels, and an elastic intermediate layer surrounding said at least one supporting rod, said catalyst held on said rods by said layer being under pressure. The apparatus is especially useful for cleaning exhaust gases from internal combustion engines.
Abstract:
There is provided an apparatus for atomizing a liquid by means of a gas comprising a nozzle at one end, a jacket pipe for gas contracting at said one end, a feed pipe for liquid arranged axially inside said jacket pipe and terminating therein as a constricted end, the length of both pipe ends in the axial direction being at most 10 times the inner diameter of the jacket tube. The apparatus is preferably used in the production of furnace blacks wherein the liquid hydrocarbon raw material is introduced into an atomizing stream of higher velocity and the dispersion is then separated into a reaction chamber.
Abstract:
An apparatus for exchanging a substance between immiscible liquids comprises two or more substantially vertical columns each of which has an upper and a lower inlet and an upper and a lower outlet, the lower parts of said columns being connected by a tube containing a liquid or a gas in which there is a piston arranged to produce vibrations in the different columns in opposite senses. The liquid if employed in the tube, may be different from those in the columns and diaphragms may be provided to prevent mixing. Figs. 2a-2c show the arrangement of a piston in a tube at the bottom of two columns (3, 4, Figs. 2a, 2b) or four columns (9-12, Fig. 2c), diaphragms (7, 8 or 13-16) being provided: the volume surrounding the piston is filled with a liquid. Fig. 3 shows an arrangement for use with a corrosive liquid, in which a gas is provided in the piston chamber. As a result of the construction according to the invention it is possible to dispense with sealing round the piston.