Abstract:
Improvements in fluid volume measurement systems are disclosed for a pneumatically actuated diaphragm pump in general, and a peritoneal dialysis cycler using a pump cassette in particular. Pump fluid volume measurements are based on pressure measurements in a pump control chamber and a reference chamber in a two-chamber model, with different sections of the apparatus being modeled using a combination of adiabatic, isothermal and polytropic processes. Real time or instantaneous fluid flow measurements in a pump chamber of a diaphragm pump are also disclosed, in this case using a one-chamber ideal gas model and using a high speed processor to obtain and process pump control chamber pressures during fluid flow into or out of the pump chamber. Improved heater control circuitry is also disclosed, to provide added or redundant safety measures, or to reduce current leakage from a heater element during pulse width modulation control of the heater. Improvements are also disclosed in the application of negative pressure during a drain phase in peritoneal dialysis therapy, and to control the amount of intraperitoneal fluid accumulation during a therapy. Improvements in efficiency are also disclosed in the movement of fluid into and out of a two-pump cassette and heater bag of a peritoneal dialysis cycler, and in the synchronization of the operation of two or more pumps in a peritoneal dialysis cycler or other fluid handling devices using a multi-pump arrangement.
Abstract:
A system for detecting whether a vascular access has been interrupted in an arrangement in which two catheters or needles are present in a blood vessel, fistula or graft. A fluid line leading to a pump is connected via a first connector to a first indwelling catheter, and a fluid line leading from a pump is connected via a second connector to a second indwelling catheter. Each connector is equipped with an electrode in contact with the lumen of the connector, the electrodes electrically connected to an electronic circuit that measures the impedance or conductivity of fluid between the first connector and second connectors via a fluid path through the blood vessel, fistula or graft. An electronic controller receives the impedance or conductivity data and processes the data to determine whether a vascular access disconnection has occurred. The processing may involve filtering the signal received by the controller, and/or setting provisional flags for a disconnection event that may be cleared if the signal changes before the expiration of a counter.
Abstract:
A system for detecting whether a vascular access has been interrupted in an arrangement in which two catheters or needles are present in a blood vessel, fistula or graft. A fluid line leading to a pump is connected via a first connector to a first indwelling catheter, and a fluid line leading from a pump is connected via a second connector to a second indwelling catheter. Each connector is equipped with an electrode in contact with the lumen of the connector, the electrodes electrically connected to an electronic circuit that measures the impedance or conductivity of fluid between the first connector and second connectors via a fluid path through the blood vessel, fistula or graft. An electronic controller receives the impedance or conductivity data and processes the data to determine whether a vascular access disconnection has occurred. The processing may involve filtering the signal received by the controller, and/or setting provisional flags for a disconnection event that may be cleared if the signal changes before the expiration of a counter.
Abstract:
A pump for pumping fluid includes a tube platen, a plunger, a bias member, inlet and outlet valves, an actuator mechanism, a position sensor, and a processor. The plunger is configured for actuation toward and away from the infusion tube when the tube platen is disposed opposite to the plunger. The tube platen can hold an intravenous infusion tube. The bias member is configured to urge the plunger toward the tube platen. The processor is configured to detect an anomaly in the tubing using the data from a position sensor on the position of the plunger.
Abstract:
A pump for pumping fluid, the pump comprising a tube platen; a plunger configured for actuation toward and away from the tube platen when the tube platen is disposed opposite to the plunger; a bias member configured to urge the plunger toward the tube platen; an inlet 5 valve upstream of the plunger configured for actuation between an occluding position and a non-occluding position; an outlet valve downstream of the plunger configured for actuation between an occluding position and a non-occluding position; an actuator mechanism configured to control the actuation of the plunger, the inlet valve and the outlet valve, wherein the actuator mechanism is configured to mechanically engage and disengage from 10 the plunger, wherein when the actuator mechanism is disengaged from the plunger, the actuator mechanism is configured to mechanically discharge the bias member such that the plunger is a sole force driving the plunger toward the tube platen, wherein the actuator mechanism is configured to engage the plunger to lift the plunger away from the tube platen to thereby mechanically charge the bias member; a pressure sensor disposed adjacent to at 15 least one of the inlet valve, the outlet valve, and the plunger; a position sensor configured to estimate a position of the plunger; and a processor coupled to the position sensor to receive the estimated position of the plunger therefrom. The processor is configured to detect an anomaly based in part on the estimated plunger position when: the inlet valve is in the occluding position, the outlet valve is in the occluding position, the actuator mechanism is 20 mechanically disengaged from the plunger thereby making the bias member the sole source of actuation force of the plunger toward the tube platen, and the bias member urges the plunger toward the tube platen. The processor is further coupled to the pressure sensor to receive a pressure signal from the pressure sensor, the processor is configured to, using the pressure signal, to determine a downstream occlusion exists if a subtraction of a filtered 25 value of a sequential series of sequential trough-to-trough pressure values of a plurality of cycles from a trough-to-trough value is greater than a predetermined threshold. C0) C r 0)0 a)V
Abstract:
A method for discharging fluid from a syringe and for mitigating occlusion conditions includes actuating the plunger of a syringe into a barrel. The method monitors fluid pressure within the barrel of the syringe and determines that an occlusion exists when the fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold. The method actuates the plunger out of the barrel by a predetermined amount in response to the detected occlusion and actuates the plunger of the syringe into the barrel until a measured fluid pressure within the barrel of the syringe exceeds another predetermined threshold.
Abstract:
A pump for pumping fluid, the pump comprising a tube platen; a plunger configured for actuation toward and away from the tube platen when the tube platen is disposed opposite to the plunger; a bias member configured to urge the plunger toward the tube platen; an inlet 5 valve upstream of the plunger configured for actuation between an occluding position and a non-occluding position; an outlet valve downstream of the plunger configured for actuation between an occluding position and a non-occluding position; an actuator mechanism configured to control the actuation of the plunger, the inlet valve and the outlet valve, wherein the actuator mechanism is configured to mechanically engage and disengage from 10 the plunger, wherein when the actuator mechanism is disengaged from the plunger, the actuator mechanism is configured to mechanically discharge the bias member such that the plunger is a sole force driving the plunger toward the tube platen, wherein the actuator mechanism is configured to engage the plunger to lift the plunger away from the tube platen to thereby mechanically charge the bias member; a pressure sensor disposed adjacent to at 15 least one of the inlet valve, the outlet valve, and the plunger; a position sensor configured to estimate a position of the plunger; and a processor coupled to the position sensor to receive the estimated position of the plunger therefrom. The processor is configured to detect an anomaly based in part on the estimated plunger position when: the inlet valve is in the occluding position, the outlet valve is in the occluding position, the actuator mechanism is 20 mechanically disengaged from the plunger thereby making the bias member the sole source of actuation force of the plunger toward the tube platen, and the bias member urges the plunger toward the tube platen. The processor is further coupled to the pressure sensor to receive a pressure signal from the pressure sensor, the processor is configured to, using the pressure signal, to determine a downstream occlusion exists if a subtraction of a filtered 25 value of a sequential series of sequential trough-to-trough pressure values of a plurality of cycles from a trough-to-trough value is greater than a predetermined threshold. 0 Cl (0D ClCD (DV
Abstract:
A pump for pumping fluid includes a tube platen, a plunger, a bias member, inlet and outlet valves, an actuator mechanism, a position sensor, and a processor. The plunger is configured for actuation toward and away from the infusion-tube when the tube platen is disposed opposite to the plunger. The tube platen can hold an intravenous infusion tube. The bias member is configured to urge the plunger toward the tube platen.
Abstract:
A system for detecting whether a vascular access has been interrupted in an arrangement in which two catheters or needles are present in a blood vessel, fistula or graft. A fluid line leading to a pump is connected via a first connector to a first in-dwelling catheter, and a fluid line leading from a pump is connected via a second connector to a second indwelling catheter. Each connector is equipped with an electrode in contact with the lumen of the connector, the electrodes electrically connected to an electronic circuit that measures the impedance or conductivity of fluid between the first connector and second connectors via a fluid path through the blood vessel, fistula or graft. An electronic controller receives the impedance or conductivity data and processes the data to determine whether a vascular access disconnection has occurred. The processing may involve filtering the signal received by the controller, and/or setting provisional flags for a disconnection event that maybe cleared if the signal changes before the expiration of a counter.
Abstract:
Un sistema para detectar si un acceso vascular se ha interrumpido en una disposición en la que dos catéteres o agujas están presentes en un vaso sanguíneo, fístula o injerto; una línea de fluido que conduce a una bomba está conectada por medio de un primer conector a un primer catéter residente, y una línea de fluido que conduce desde una bomba está conectada por medio de un segundo conector a un segundo catéter residente; cada conector está equipado con un electrodo en contacto con el lumen del conector, los electrodos conectados eléctricamente con un circuito electrónico que mide la impedancia o conductividad de fluido entre el primer conector y segundo conectores por medio de una trayectoria de fluido a través del vaso sanguíneo, fístula o injerto; un controlador electrónico recibe los datos de impedancia o conductividad y procesa los datos para determinar si ha ocurrido una desconexión de acceso vascular; el procesamiento puede involucrar filtrar la señal recibida por medio del controlador y/o marcas provisionales de ajustes para un evento de desconexión que se puede aclarar si la señal cambia antes de que termine un contador.