Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/JP91/00333 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 30, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 30, 1992 PCT Filed Mar. 12, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/13680 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 19, 1991.A thin electroconductive film is formed by irradiating a shaped article of chlorinated vinyl polymer with a pulsive light having a pulse duration of not greater than 100 nsec., a fluence of above about 15 mJ/cm2/pulse and below that at which the polymer is subject to ablation, a laser wavelength of from about 190 to about 300 nm, and repetition frequency of above about 1 Hz and below that at which the polymer is subject to deformation and/or decomposition by a regenerative function of irradiation, under vacuum or in an oxygen-free atmosphere, thereby irradiating the article with total photon numbers of at least 1x1018/cm2 without causing photocrosslinking, oxidation or cleavage of the backbone chain. The invention does not use materials other than the starting polymer such as solvents or strong bases that can contaminate the thin film during a dehydrochlorination, so there is no need to remove solvents after reaction and no residual salts will be formed in the dehydrochlorination.
Abstract:
A hollow waveguide for ultraviolet wavelength region laser beams, comprising: a glass tube composed of a glass material exhibiting a high transmissivity with respect to ultraviolet rays and an excellent environment resistant property, the glass tube serving as an inner surface of the waveguide; and a metal film exhibiting a high reflectivity with respect to the ultraviolet rays and formed outside the glass tube. The ultraviolet wavelength region laser beams are transmitted while being reflected by the inner surface of the glass tube and by an interface between the glass tube and the metal film.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/JP91/00333 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 30, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 30, 1992 PCT Filed Mar. 12, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/13680 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 19, 1991.A thin electroconductive film is formed by irradiating a shaped article of chlorinated vinyl polymer with a pulsive light having a pulse duration of not greater than 100 nsec., a fluence of above about 15 mJ/cm2/pulse and below that at which the polymer is subject to ablation, a laser wavelength of from about 190 to about 300 nm, and repetition frequency of above about 1 Hz and below that at which the polymer is subject to deformation and/or decomposition by a regenerative function of irradiation, under vacuum or in an oxygen-free atmosphere, thereby irradiating the article with total photon numbers of at least 1x1018/cm2 without causing photocrosslinking, oxidation or cleavage of the backbone chain. The invention does not use materials other than the starting polymer such as solvents or strong bases that can contaminate the thin film during a dehydrochlorination, so there is no need to remove solvents after reaction and no residual salts will be formed in the dehydrochlorination.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a lead-free bump with suppressed formation of voids, obtained by reflowing a plated film of Sn-Ag solder alloy having an adjusted Ag content, and a method of forming the lead-free bump. The lead-free bump of the present invention is obtained by forming an Sn-Ag alloy film having an Ag content lower than that of an Sn-Ag eutectic composition by plating and reflowing the plated alloy film.