Abstract:
This invention relates to non-polymeric, asymmetrical, low freezing, high boiling, aliphatic compounds containing from 2 to 5 pyrrolidonyl rings and from 13 to 40 carbon atoms which melt below 0 .degree.C and which boil above 300 .degree.C at atmospheric pressure and to the synthesis and use of said liquid polypyrrolidonyl compounds.
Abstract:
2106375 9217158 PCTABS00016 A process for the production of PVP-H2O2 products in the form of free-flowing powders, or a free-standing, porous solid or foam, is described. To prepare free-flowing powders, a fluidized bed is maintained at a reaction temperature of about room temperature to 60 ·C and is contacted with finely divided droplets of a 30 to 85 % by weigth aqueous H2O2 solution. Preferably the fluidized bed temperature is about 35·-45 ·C, a 5-70 % H2O2 solution is used, and the feed rate of introduction of the H2O2 solution is about 5-50 g/minute/kg PVP present. The PVP-H2O2 product preferably contains about 15-24 %, preferably 18-22 %, H2O2 (1:1 molar ratio) and less than about 5 % water.
Abstract:
2080123 9116132 PCTABS00007 Vapor phase catalytic hydrogenation of maleic anhydride to gamma-butyrolactone is achieved in a conversion of 95 % or more and a selectivity of 80 % or more during a prolonged period of production. The process of the invention uses an activated catalyst prepared by reducing a catalyst composition comprising 30-65 % by weight of CuO, 18-50 % by weight of ZnO and 8-22 % by weight of Al2O3, and, particularly, by activating the reduced catalyst composition in hydrogen at an activation temperature of at least 400 ·C, preferably 400 ·C to 525 ·C, and optimally about 425 ·C. The hydrogenation process is carried out under predetermined and advantageous process conditions, including a defined molar ratio of hydrogen to maleic anhydride in the vapor reactant stream, a selected pressure during hydrogenation, an advantageous feed rate space velocity, a predetermined contact time, and a suitable reaction temperature.
Abstract:
A process for making high specific viscosity copolymers of maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether by copolymerizing maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether monomers in the presence of added acetylene.