Abstract:
Conductive copper areas of printed circuits, such as through-holes, pads and lands, to which electronic components can thereafter be electrically connected by, e.g., wave soldering, are provided with a coating of nickel or cobalt, such as by electroless deposition from nickel- or cobalt-boron and nickel-or cobalt-phosphorous plating baths, or entirely or partly electrolytically, followed by a coating of a protective material which protects the nickel or cobalt coating from oxidation prior to the subsequent solder connection operation, is wettable by solder in the subsequent solder connection operation, and substantially dissolves in the solder in the subsequent solder connection operation without adverse effect on the solder joint between the electronic component and the through-hole, pad or land. A particular preferred protective material is gold, such as applied by deposition from immersion or electroless gold plating baths. The invention renders the so-treated areas readily susceptible to the soldering of components thereat, thereby avoiding the need for hot air solder levelling.
Abstract:
Copper surfaces upon which organic resins are electrophoretically deposited to serve as, e.g., plating or etch resists in the course of manufacturing printed circuits, are preliminarily provided with a uniformizing/passivating passivating coating layer, such as a layer of copper oxide or phosphate conversion coating, over which the organic resin is electrophoretically deposited, resulting in the organic resin being deposited with substantial uniformity in thickness and properties.
Abstract:
The areas of a printed circuit where electrical components are to be solder connected, such as through-holes (H), surrounding pads (P) and surface mount areas (SMT), are selectively provided with a metal coating (22) (e.g., tin-lead) which preserves and promotes solderability thereat, by a process in which a photoimageable electrophoretically deposited organic resin (20) is used to provide, on an already patterned surface, an additional resist pattern which selectively exposes areas on which the solderable metal coating is to be provided and in which the resist serves also as an etch resist for metal areas over which it is arranged.
Abstract:
A process is revealed whereby resistors can be manufactured integral with the printed circuit board. The resistors (16) are formed by plating resistive material onto the insulative substrate (10) between conductive areas (13,14) using a plating mask (15).
Abstract:
A process is revealed whereby resistors can be manufactured integral with the printed circuit board by plating the resistors (16) onto the insulative substrate (10). Uniformization of the insulative substrate (10) through etching and oxidation of the plated resistor (16) are revealed as techniques for improving the uniformity and consistency of the plated resistors (16).
Abstract:
Conductive copper areas of printed circuits, such as through-holes, pads and lands, to which electronic components can thereafter be electrically connected by, e.g., wave soldering, are provided with a coating of nickel or cobalt, such as by electroless deposition from nickel- or cobalt-boron and nickel-or cobalt-phosphorous plating baths, or entirely or partly electrolytically, followed by a coating of a protective material which protects the nickel or cobalt coating from oxidation prior to the subsequent solder connection operation, is wettable by solder in the subsequent solder connection operation, and substantially dissolves in the solder in the subsequent solder connection operation without adverse effect on the solder joint between the electronic component and the through-hole, pad or land. A particular preferred protective material is gold, such as applied by deposition from immersion or electroless gold plating baths. The invention renders the so-treated areas readily susceptible to the soldering of components thereat, thereby avoiding the need for hot air solder levelling.