Abstract:
The present invention provides a hybrid solgel modified electrode. It is a non-enzymatic biosensors that targets bio-molecules present in body fluids. The electrode comprises a base substrate [20] in the form of a bowl and a screen printed conductor [22] layer in the substrate. A hybrid solgel composite [24] is layered to cover the conductor [22] and substrate [20] layer, which is sensitive to body analytes by selective voltammetric oxidation of the bio-molecules. The hybrid solgel composite layer comprises tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), methyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, carbon material, and ferrocene compounds (26, 28]. A method to fabricate the composite layer is also described. The typical analytes considered among the most important for medical diagnosis by analysis of blood, urine and sweat includes glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, creatine, urea and lactate. This electrode can be used in routine medical screening for both sick and healthy people.
Abstract:
A NON-ENZYMATIC BIOSENSOR BASED ON SELECTIVE VOLTAMMETRY USING FUNCTIONALIZED HYBRID SOLGEL IN ITS ELECTRODE IS PROPOSED. A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE ELECTRODE COMPRISES A CONDUCTOR LAYER (3) WHICH IS DISPOSED ON A SUBSTRATE (2), CARBON NANOTUBES (CNT) (5) WHICH ARE DISPOSED ON AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE CONDUCTOR LAYER (3) SUCH THAT THE CNT’S BASAL (5A) AND DISTAL ENDS (5B) ARE RESPECTIVELY DISPOSED IN BETWEEN THE CONDUCTOR LAYER (3) AND A CNT-FERROCENE SOLGEL COMPOSITE (6) DEPOSITED ONTO THE DISTAL END (5B) OF THE CNT (5) WITHIN A DAM STRUCTURE (7). THE CONDUCTOR LAYER (3) MAY BE SILVER, PLATINUM, GOLD OR CARBON. PREFERABLY, A CATALYST SUPPORT (4) IS DEPOSITED ON THE SUBSTRATE (2) AND A LIQUID-FORM NICKEL CATALYST IS DEPOSITED ON THE CATALYST SUPPORT. THE CNT-FERROCENE SOLGEL COMPOSITE IS MADE BY VIGOROUSLY MIXING (BY WEIGHT) CNT 10-35%, TETRAETHYLORTHOSILICATE 20-40%, METHYLTRI-ETHOXYSILICON 20-40%, PHENYLTRIETHOXYSILICON 20-40%; AND FERROCENE 0.1 TO 10%. THE MIXTURE IS SONICATED FOR ABOUT 1 MINUTE AND THEN LEFT TO STAND FOR ABOUT 20 HOURS.
Abstract:
A METHOD OF FORMING A PROTECTIVE COATING OVER A CHEMICAL-SENSING MEMBRANE OF A BIOCHEMICAL SENSOR COMPRISING POLYMERIZING AN ALKYL METHACRYLATE MONOMER WITH A POLAR MONOFUNCTIONAL ACRYLATE MONOMER, THE ACRYLATES PREFERABLY ARE METHYL METHACRYLATE AND TETRAHYDROFURFURYLACRYLATE (THFA). THE COPOLYMERIZATION REACTION SHOWN BELOW. THE METHYL METHACRYLATE IS PREFERABLY MIXED WITH TETRAHYDROFURFURYL ACRYLATE IN A RATIO TO DERIVE A DESIRED POLARITY OF THE RESULTANT COPOLYMER, AND THE POLYMERIZATION OCCURS UNDER UV PHOTO-CHEMICAL REACTION WHICH A PHOTO-INITIATOR AND A CROSS-LINKER. LIPOPHILIC SALT AND IONOPHORE MAY BE ADDED TO THE POLYMERIZATION. ACCOMPANYING DRAWING: NONE
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a sensor capable of detecting dissolved ammonia ? an enviromental hazard - by the use of the change of resistance in the polymer poly-aniline. The invention provides the sensors and applications in which such a sensor can be used. Furthermore provided is a process for the fabrication of the sensor of the present invention.
Abstract:
The present invention relates generally to a composite electrode with in situ polymerized polyaniline comprising a composition of polyaniline, organic sultanate, polysaccharide, imidazolium buffer and organic chemicals whereby said composite electrode can be used in various applications such as gas sensor, chemical sensor, electrochemical transducer, solar cell, super capacitor, corrosion protection layer etc.
Abstract:
THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO AN AQUATIC POLLUTANT SENSOR COMPRISING: A TRANSDUCER (101) AS SENSING ELECTRODE TO CONVERT ANALYTE CONCENTRATIONS TO VOLTAGE SIGNALS; AN ION SELECTIVE LAYER (103) DEPOSITED ON THE TRANSDUCER (101) TO SELECTIVELY TRANSPORT TARGET ANALYTE TO THE SAID TRANSDUCER (101); POTENTIOMETRY READOUT CIRCUIT (105) TO MEASURE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CHEMICAL SENSOR AND REFERENCE ELECTRODE; AN INERT SENSOR TIP SUBSTRATE (107) HAVING AT LEAST ONE SENSOR OPENING, AT LEAST ONE REFERENCE ELECTRODE OPENING AND AT LEAST TWO TRACKS FOR WIRE TRACES; A PROTECTOR (109) TO PROVIDE MECHANICAL STRENGTH, REDUCE FOULING AND ALLOW CLEANING; AND A REFERENCE ELECTRODE (111); CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE TRANSDUCER (101) FURTHER COMPRISING AN ELECTROCHEMICAL TRANSDUCER NANOCOMPOSITE; THE REFERENCE ELECTRODE (111) IS IN THE FORM OF SOLID; AND THE PROTECTOR (109) FURTHER COMPRISING AN INERT POROUS PROTECTIVE ENCAPSULATION: MOST ILLUSTRATIVE
Abstract:
The present invention provides a planar reference electrode (10) comprising: a substrate (20); an electrode connecting part (24); an electrode (22); an internal reference layer (23); a micro porous polymer membrane (38) which functions as both a junction and a protection membrane layer made of micro-porous organic polymeric membrane, characterised in that the internal reference layer further comprises; a hydrophilic bulk (26) made of bulk hydrogel layer containing organic internal electrolytes; a photo hydrophilic (28) layer conditioned with internal electrolyte; a hybrid solgel (30) which functions as junction between internal electrolyte and a bridge salts; a hydrophilic bulk (32) which is bulk hydrogel containing the bridge salts; a photo hydrophilic (34) which is conditioned with the bridge salts; a hybrid solgel (36) which functions as junction between external analyte and the bridge salts, wherein the at least two layers of hydrophilic hydrogel consisting of an electrolyte preferably ionic liquids selected from the group of hydrophilic chloride.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an aquatic pollutant sensor comprising: a transducer (101) as sensing electrode to convert analyte concentrations to voltage signals; an ion selective layer (103) deposited on the transducer (101) to selectively transport target analyte to the said transducer (101); potentiometry readout circuit (105) to measure potential difference between chemical sensor and reference electrode; an inert sensor tip substrate (107) having at least one sensor opening, at least one reference electrode opening and at least two tracks for wire traces; a protector (109) to provide mechanical strength, reduce fouling and allow cleaning; and a reference electrode (111); characterized in that the transducer (101) further comprising an electrochemical transducer nanocomposite; the reference electrode (111) is in the form of solid; and the protector (109) further comprising an inert porous protective encapsulation.
Abstract:
The present invention provides the use of nanoporous protective membrane for controlling the rate of transport of ionic species in the electrode, controlling the rate of loss of sensing membrane components, for maintaining sufficient and linear response signal from chemical sensors, and to achieve low and constant drift rate or chemical sensors. The present invention is for use in the sensing electrode and the reference electrode so that the potentiometric system is suitable for long term field deployment.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a solid state reference electrode comprising; polymeric substrate, silver materials, silver chloride materials; and nano-porous hybrid solgel materials doped with chloride salts and borate compounds. The present invention also provides a method for preparation of solid hydrogel comprises the steps of: (a) mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, and hydrochloric acid; (b) stirring and mixture until a clear homogeneous mixture is achieved; (c) adding lithium chloride and trimethyl borate to the homogeneous mixture; (d) sonicating the mixture of step (c).