Abstract:
A rechargeable electrical energy storage device (20). The cell has two electrodes (28, 36) constructed from a similar organometallic compound (30), and the electrodes are electrically connected by an ion carrying electrolyte (32). The electrodes are also physically separated from each other by a barrier (34) that will pass ions but not electrons. In one embodiment of the invention, the electrodes are ferrocene, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid.
Abstract:
A rechargeable electrical energy storage device (20). The cell has two electrodes (28, 36) constructed from a similar organometallic compound (30), and the electrodes are electrically connected by an ion carrying electrolyte (32). The electrodes are also physically separated from each other by a barrier (34) that will pass ions but not electrons. In one embodiment of the invention, the electrodes are ferrocene, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid.
Abstract:
A communication device is designed to contain the lowest possible level of toxic or hazardous materials, so that when it is eventually disposed of, it will not harm the environment and can be safely recycled. Each component A1, A2, ..., An in the communication device has a calculated Component Toxicity Index value. A Product Toxicity Index for the entire communication device is calculated by summing the individual Component Toxicity Index values. The desired outcome is a communication device having a Product Toxicity Index less than or equal to 100. The resulting communication device is referred to as "environmentally friendly". The communication device may be a two-way radio (10), and some of the components are a radio transmitter (12), a radio receiver (14), an antenna (16), an amplifier (18), a battery (20) and a housing (22).
Abstract:
A conformal shield (10) includes a conformal shield base (15), and a conductive layer (16). The conformal shield base (10) has a first conformable insulating material (12) having a characteristic softening point at a first temperature. A second conformable insulating material (14), which has a characteristic softening point at a temperature higher than the first temperature, is overlaid on the first conformable insulating material (12). The conductive layer (16) is disposed on the conformal shield base (15) to form the shield (10).
Abstract:
An integrated circuit having carbon nanotube interconnects contains input/output pads situated on the upper surface, the pads arranged in an array having at least two rows. Carbon nanotubes are disposed on the input/output pads to provide electrical and thermal interconnection of the integrated circuit chip to another circuit such as a printed circuit board. The carbon nanotubes can be plated with one or more overlayers of metal.
Abstract:
A method of metallizing a substrate by vacuum depositing a thin layer of chromium. The substrate is first cleaned (16) by exposing it to a plasma gas discharge. A thin layer of chromium metal is then sputtered under vacuum (17) onto the substrate. The substrate is then heated in an oxygen containing atmosphere (18) for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to convert the chromium metal to chromium oxide. A second layer of chromium metal is then sputtered (20) onto the chromium oxide layer in order to form an adherent metal system to the substrate.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating a low cost integrated circuit package (500) includes separating a processed silicon wafer into a plurality of individual die (501) and then positioning the die on a secondary substrate in a face down position for allowing an increased die I/O connection area. The die is covered with one or more epoxy materials (504) to form a group of embedded die packages. The group of embedded packages is removed from the secondary substrate and the topside of the group of embedded die packages is covered by a further epoxy (502). One or more pads on the die are then exposed and subsequently connected to an I/O connection (506) in a die I/O connection area. Each of the die are then separated forming singular embedded die packages (500) from the secondary substrate. The method provides a manufacturing process, to form a low cost, very high density integrated circuit package using a combination of both wafer scale packaging and wafer level packaging processes.
Abstract:
A substrate having an optically transparent EMI/RFI shield (30). A transparent substrate has a thin film metallization pattern (20) on one surface, and some of the pattern (20) is covered with an optically transparent EMI/RFI shield (30). The shield (30) comprises a vapor deposited layer of indium-tin oxide on the substrate surface and on the metallization pattern (20). The indium-tin oxide is optically transparent. It is patterned to expose one portion (34) of the metallization pattern (20) and to cover a second portion (32) of the metallization pattern (20). The shield (30) is electrically connected to a part of the metallization pattern (20) that is covered (32), thus providing electrical shielding and transparency.