Abstract:
A color image intensifier and projector includes a reflective light valve lamination having, in order, a flexible conductive mirror, a deformable layer, a photoconductive layer, a transparent conductive layer, and a plurality of optical diffraction gratings each for a different color. An electric potential is applied across the flexible conductive mirror and the transparent conductive layer to bias the photoconductive layer. When an input colored image is projected through the gratings to the photoconductive layer, the resulting electric fields cause the deformable layer and flexible conductive mirror thereon to be deformed in accordance with the colored image as modified by the diffraction gratings. A Schlieren optical system is included to direct light from a source to the flexible conductive mirror, and to collect reflected light and direct it through a fourier transform plane to a utilization plane. A color-decoding spatial filter is located in the fourier transform plane to recreate the color image at the utilization plane.
Abstract:
AN IMPROVED RELIEF PHASE HOLOGRAM IS DESCRIBED WHICH MINIMIZES SIGANL DISTORTION UPON PLAYBACK. THE HOLOGRAM COMPRISES A HOLOGRAPHIC RELIEF PATTERN EMBOSSED ON A POLYMERIC SUBSTRATE SUCH AS A VINYL TAPE AND A COATING ON THE SURFACE OF THE SUBSTRATE DIRECTLY OVER THE RELIEF PATTERN. THE COATING MUST HAVE A THICKNESS OF SOMEWHAT GREATER THAN THE MAXIMUM CONTOUR DEPTH OF THE RELIEF PATTERN AND MUST BE OF A MATERIAL HAVING AN INDEX OF REFRACTION WHICH IS DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF THE SUBSTRATE.
Abstract:
Pulse width modulated surface relief phase holograms are produced on a substrate by developing a holographic interference pattern recorded on a photoresist deposited on the surface of said substrate as an amplitude modulated sinusoidal surface relief pattern so as to expose the surface of said substrate as a function of the intensity of said interference pattern, uniformly etching said substrate and removing said photoresist leaving a pulse width modulated, substantially two-level rectangular wave diffraction grating. Focused image holograms produced by this method on hard durable substrates may be used as masters for replicating said holograms in a suitable recording medium.
Abstract:
Pulse width modulated surface relief phase holograms are produced on a substrate by developing a holographic interference pattern recorded on a photoresist deposited on the surface of said substrate as an amplitude modulated sinusoidal surface relief pattern so as to expose the surface of said substrate as a function of the intensity of said interference pattern, uniformly etching said substrate and removing said photoresist leaving a pulse width modulated, substantially two-level rectangular wave diffraction grating. Focused image holograms produced by this method on hard durable substrates may be used as masters for replicating said holograms in a suitable recording medium.
Abstract:
Defect detection apparatus, for optically inspecting a spiral groove of a video disc record, directs a coherent light beam at the grooved surface of the disc. The incident beam, focused at a point beyond the disc surface, illuminates the grooved surface with a light spot that spans a plurality of convolutions of the groove. Relative motion is established between the disc surface and the incident beam in a manner causing the illuminating spot to rapidly scan the groove surfaces in a coarse spiral pattern. The structure of the illuminated groove convolutions, absent any defects, serves as a diffraction grating for diffracting the light into an undeviated zero diffraction order cone of light that converges at a first location in a plane spaced from the disc surface and into deviated higher diffraction order cones of light that converge at additional locations in said plane separated from the first location. A photodetector is positioned to be in registry with the first location and spaced from said additional locations. A blocking means is placed over a central region of the photodetector to normally intercept the zero diffraction order light, thereby preventing the conversion of light energy to electric energy by the photodetector when defect-free groove regions are illuminated. When a defect exists in the illuminated region of the groove, unblocked regions of the photodetector receive light and the photodetector produces electrical signals indicative of the presence of a defect. A servo means, responsive to departures of the zero order cone axis from a desired orientation, is employed for controlling the orientation of the axis of the incident beam to oppose such departures, in order to preclude false defect indications due to warpage or unevenness of the disc record.
Abstract:
Defect detection apparatus, for optically inspecting a spiral groove of a video disc record, directs a coherent light beam at the grooved surface of the disc. The incident beam, focused at a point beyond the disc surface, illuminates the grooved surface with a light spot that spans a plurality of convolutions of the groove. Relative motion is established between the disc surface and the incident beam in a manner causing the illuminating spot to rapidly scan the groove surfaces in a coarse spiral pattern. The structure of the illuminated groove convolutions, absent any defects, serves as a diffraction grating for diffracting the light into an undeviated zero diffraction order cone of light that converges at a first location in a plane spaced from the disc surface and into deviated higher diffraction order cones of light that converge at additional locations in said plane separated from the first location. A photodetector is positioned to be in registry with the first location and spaced from said additional locations. A blocking means is placed over a central region of the photodetector to normally intercept the zero diffraction order light, thereby preventing the conversion of light energy to electric energy by the photodetector when defect-free groove regions are illuminated. When a defect exists in the illuminated region of the groove, unblocked regions of the photodetector receive light and the photodetector produces electrical signals indicative of the presence of a defect. A servo means, responsive to departures of the zero order cone axis from a desired orientation, is employed for controlling the orientation of the axis of the incident beam to oppose such departures, in order to preclude false defect indications due to warpage or unevenness of the disc record.
Abstract:
Pulse width modulated surface relief phase holograms are produced on a substrate by developing a holographic interference pattern recorded on a photoresist deposited on the surface of said substrate as an amplitude modulated sinusoidal surface relief pattern so as to expose the surface of said substrate as a function of the intensity of said interference pattern, uniformly etching said substrate and removing said photoresist leaving a pulse width modulated, substantially two-level rectangular wave diffraction grating. Focused image holograms produced by this method on hard durable substrates may be used as masters for replicating said holograms in a suitable recording medium.
Abstract:
High speed writing apparatus, for mapping 1:1 polar plots of disc record defect locations on disc-shaped electrosensitive paper, accepts electrical signals representing defect occurrences from a defect detector which scans the disc record surface in a spiral scanning pattern. These signals activate a high voltage switch circuit that produces an electric current between an electric writing pen stylus and a conducting surface of a turntable of the printing apparatus upon which the disc shaped electrosensitive paper is mounted. Relative motion is established between the turntable and the writing pen in a manner causing markings resulting from pen activations to be located on the electrosensitive paper with radial and circumferential positions corresponding to the locations of the defects appearing on the disc record, thereby generating 1:1 polar plots of the defect locations on the paper. The writing pen scans the paper disc surface in a spiral scanning pattern in synchronization with the defect detector scanning of the disc record. The writing pen is a multistylus pen used in a balanced configuration to effect high speed marking of defect locations without causing damage to the paper.
Abstract:
Pulse width modulated surface relief phase holograms are produced on a substrate by developing a holographic interference pattern recorded on a photoresist deposited on the surface of said substrate as an amplitude modulated sinusoidal surface relief pattern so as to expose the surface of said substrate as a function of the intensity of said interference pattern, uniformly etching said substrate and removing said photoresist leaving a pulse width modulated, substantially two-level rectangular wave diffraction grating. Focused image holograms produced by this method on hard durable substrates may be used as masters for replicating said holograms in a suitable recording medium.