Abstract:
A first predetermined scan configuration, such as a circular scan for instance, of wave energy is converted into a different second predetermined scan configuration, such as a straight line for instance, of wave energy by means of a plurality of separate holograms.
Abstract:
Operation of a cathodochromic display tube by steps including destabilizing the color centers for the optically reversible coloration component of the cathodochromic material. Such destabilizing excludes at least partially the optically reversible coloration components before the image-formation process. Destabilization can be achieved by heating the cathodochromic material to a temperature at least equal to the partial erase temperature but below the total erase temperature of the cathodochromic material, and/or by exposing the cathodochromic material material to radiation of suitable wavelength.
Abstract:
An oscillator which can be selectively started and stopped in response to a control voltage. When the oscillator is stopped, the control voltage is used to derive a voltage that is summed with the oscillator output such that the d.c. voltage level of the oscillator is the same value, both in the presence and absence of oscillations.
Abstract:
A color image intensifier and projector includes a reflective light valve lamination having, in order, a flexible conductive mirror, a deformable layer, a photoconductive layer, a transparent conductive layer, and a plurality of optical diffraction gratings each for a different color. An electric potential is applied across the flexible conductive mirror and the transparent conductive layer to bias the photoconductive layer. When an input colored image is projected through the gratings to the photoconductive layer, the resulting electric fields cause the deformable layer and flexible conductive mirror thereon to be deformed in accordance with the colored image as modified by the diffraction gratings. A Schlieren optical system is included to direct light from a source to the flexible conductive mirror, and to collect reflected light and direct it through a fourier transform plane to a utilization plane. A color-decoding spatial filter is located in the fourier transform plane to recreate the color image at the utilization plane.
Abstract:
Defect detection apparatus, for optically inspecting a spiral groove of a video disc record, directs a coherent light beam at the grooved surface of the disc. The incident beam, focused at a point beyond the disc surface, illuminates the grooved surface with a light spot that spans a plurality of convolutions of the groove. Relative motion is established between the disc surface and the incident beam in a manner causing the illuminating spot to rapidly scan the groove surfaces in a coarse spiral pattern. The structure of the illuminated groove convolutions, absent any defects, serves as a diffraction grating for diffracting the light into an undeviated zero diffraction order cone of light that converges at a first location in a plane spaced from the disc surface and into deviated higher diffraction order cones of light that converge at additional locations in said plane separated from the first location. A photodetector is positioned to be in registry with the first location and spaced from said additional locations. A blocking means is placed over a central region of the photodetector to normally intercept the zero diffraction order light, thereby preventing the conversion of light energy to electric energy by the photodetector when defect-free groove regions are illuminated. When a defect exists in the illuminated region of the groove, unblocked regions of the photodetector receive light and the photodetector produces electrical signals indicative of the presence of a defect. A servo means, responsive to departures of the zero order cone axis from a desired orientation, is employed for controlling the orientation of the axis of the incident beam to oppose such departures, in order to preclude false defect indications due to warpage or unevenness of the disc record.
Abstract:
RCA 68,949 DEFECT DETECTION SYSTEM Defect detection apparatus, for optically inspecting a spiral groove of a video disc record, directs a coherent light beam at the grooved surface of the disc. The incident beam, focused at a point beyond the disc surface, illuminates the grooved surface with a light spot that spans a plurality of convolutions of the groove. Relative motion is established between the disc surface and the incident beam in a manner causing the illuminating spot to rapidly scan the grooved surfaces in a coarse spiral pattern. The structure of the illuminated groove convolutions, absent any defects, serves as a diffraction grating for diffracting the light into an undeviated zero diffraction order cone of light that converges at a first location in a plane spaced from the disc surface and into deviated higher diffraction order cones of light that converge at additional locations in said plane separated from the first location. A photodetector is positioned to be in registry with the first location and spaced from said additional locations. A blocking means is placed over a central region of the photodetector to normally intercept the zero diffraction order light, thereby preventing the conversion of light energy to electric energy by the photodetector when defect-free groove regions are illuminated. When a defect exists in the illuminated region of the groove, unblocked regions of the photodetector receive light and the photodetector produces electrical signals indicative of the presence of a defect. A servo means, responsive to departures of the zero order cone axis from a desired orientation, is employed for controlling the orientation of the axis of the incident beam to oppose such departures, in order to preclude false defect indications due to warpage or unevenness of the disc record.
Abstract:
A flying spot scanner is disclosed for scanning an object document or scene with a spot of light, and producing an electrical video signal representing the object. The scanner can be operated under normal ambient light conditions without a light-shielding enclosure. A light beam is deflected in repetitive scanning fashion over the object. The light beam is modulated in amplitude (intensity) at a radio frequency fc such as 1.2 MHz. A photodetector is positioned to receive light from the object, and it produces an unwanted electrical ambient light noise signal having a maximum frequency fa, and an electrical information signal consisting of a carrier at frequency fc modulated by a video signal having a maximum frequency fm, where fc - fm is larger than fa. The information signal is separated from the ambient light noise signal by a filter, and the information signal is demodulated to produce a facsimile or video information signal free of noise due to ambient light.
Abstract:
Defect detection apparatus, for optically inspecting a spiral groove of a video disc record, directs a coherent light beam at the grooved surface of the disc. The incident beam, focused at a point beyond the disc surface, illuminates the grooved surface with a light spot that spans a plurality of convolutions of the groove. Relative motion is established between the disc surface and the incident beam in a manner causing the illuminating spot to rapidly scan the groove surfaces in a coarse spiral pattern. The structure of the illuminated groove convolutions, absent any defects, serves as a diffraction grating for diffracting the light into an undeviated zero diffraction order cone of light that converges at a first location in a plane spaced from the disc surface and into deviated higher diffraction order cones of light that converge at additional locations in said plane separated from the first location. A photodetector is positioned to be in registry with the first location and spaced from said additional locations. A blocking means is placed over a central region of the photodetector to normally intercept the zero diffraction order light, thereby preventing the conversion of light energy to electric energy by the photodetector when defect-free groove regions are illuminated. When a defect exists in the illuminated region of the groove, unblocked regions of the photodetector receive light and the photodetector produces electrical signals indicative of the presence of a defect. A servo means, responsive to departures of the zero order cone axis from a desired orientation, is employed for controlling the orientation of the axis of the incident beam to oppose such departures, in order to preclude false defect indications due to warpage or unevenness of the disc record.