Abstract:
The invention relates to an electrochromic device with controlled transparency, in particular of the electrically controlled type, that comprises a transparent bearing substrate (1a) and a counter-substrate (1b), at least one stack (3, 3') of functional layers in which the end layers (TC1, TC2; TC1 ', TC1 ') include electrically conducting layers, the conductivity of at least one electrically conducting layer (TC2,TC2') not in contact with the bearing substrate (1a) being reinforced by an array of conducting members (8) in contact therewith, characterised in that the array includes a meshing (6, 6') in which the surface area of the inter-mesh free space (9) substantially ranges from 0.04 mm2 to 0.16 mm2 and is preferably about 0.09 mm2.
Abstract:
The invention concerns an electrochemical/electrically-driven device, with variable optical and/or energetic properties, comprising at least one carrier substrate provided with an electroactive layer or a stack of electroactive layers arranged between a so-called lower electrode and a so-called upper electrode. The invention is characterized in that at least one of the lower or upper electrodes comprises at least four layers one of which at least one functional metal layer with intrinsic electrically conductive properties, said functional metal layer being associated with an electrochemical barrier layer made of electrically conductive material transparent in the visible light, said electrochemical barrier layer being associated with a protective layer against moisture made of electrically conductive material transparent in the visible light and said functional layer being associated with a first undercoat made of electrically conductive material transparent in the visible light.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an electrically conducting layer (2) to be associated with a substrate having a see-through function, said layer (2) including a metallic grid (9), characterised in that the metallic grid (9) is made of a pure metal and in that it is coated with at least one electrochemical protection layer (10), mainly a metallic layer or a metal nitride layer.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an electrochromic device comprising: at least one margining (5), called selective margening, separating the surface of the top electrode (9) into two zones isolated from each other, namely a free zone (9a) and an active zone (9b); at least one margining (12), called total margining, separating the surface of the bottom electrode (4) into two zones electrically isolated from each other, namely a free zone (4a) and an active zone (4b); at least one free zone (9a) of the top electrode (9) receives a first current lead connector (15) connected by soldering to the active zone (4b) of the bottom electrode (4); the active surface (9b) of the top electrode (9) is in electrical contact with connection means (20, 21a) which are connected to a second current lead connector (21) electrically isolated from the free zone (9a).
Abstract:
Electrochemical/ electrically controllable device having variable optical and/or energetic characteristics, comprising at least one first carrier substrate (S1) provided with an electroconducting layer (4) associated with a first stack (3) of electroactive layers and at least one second carrier substrate (S1') provided with an electroconducting layer (4') associated with a second stack (3') of electroactive layers, characterized in that the first and second stacks, respectively, function optically in series on at least part of their surface and are separated by an electrically insulating means (7).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of powering an electrically-controlled system with variable optical/energy reflection or transmission properties, consisting of at least one carrier substrate which is equipped with a stack of layers enabling the migration of active species and comprising at least two active layers which are separated by an electrolyte, said stack being disposed between two electrodes which are connected respectively to lower and upper current supplies. The invention is characterised in that it consists in applying a second energy potential (P2, P2') between the current supplies, which can be varied as a function of time, together with a first constant energy potential (P1, P1'), said first and second energy potentials being adapted to ensure switching between two different optical/energy reflection or transmission property states, E1 and E2.
Abstract:
Process for fabricating a mask with submillimetre apertures on a surface portion of a substrate, characterized in that a "mask" layer is deposited using a solution of stabilized colloidal particles dispersed in a solvent; and the mask layer is dried until an irregular two-dimensional array of interstices is obtained, having an approximately straight edge, giving a mask with a random mesh of interstices in at least one direction. Submillimetre grid obtained by this process.
Abstract:
Electrochemical/ electrocontrolable device having variable optical and/or energetic properties, comprising at least one carrier substrate with a first electroconducting layer, a first electrochemically active layer than can reversibly insert ions such as cations such as H+, Li+ or anions such as OH-, in particular in an anodic (or cathodic, respectively) electrochrome material, a layer of electrolyte, a second electrochemically active layer than can reversibly insert said ions, in particular in a cathodic (or respectively anodic) electrochrome material, a second electroconducting layer, characterized in that at least one of the electrochemically active layers that can reversibly insert said ions, in particular in an anodic or cathodic electrochrome, comprises sufficient thickness to allow insertion of all the ions without electrochemical dysfunction of said active layers.
Abstract:
An electrically controllable/electrochemical device, having variable optical and/or energy properties, including at least one carrier substrate including a first electronically conductive layer, a first electrochemically active layer capable of reversibly inserting ions such as cations, H+, or Li+, or anions, OH−, or anions made of an anodic (or respectively cathodic) electrochromic material, an electrolyte layer, a second electrochemically active layer capable of reversibly inserting the ions, or made of a cathodic (or respectively anodic) electrochromic material, and a second electronically conductive layer. At least one of the electrochemically active layers capable of reversibly inserting the ions, or made of an anodic or cathodic electrochromic material, has a sufficient thickness to allow all the ions to be inserted without electrochemically disfunctioning the active layers.
Abstract:
Electrochemical/electrically controllable device having variable optical and/or energetic properties, including a first carrier substrate provided with an electrically conductive layer associated with a first stack of electrically active layers and a second carrier substrate provided with an electrically conductive layer associated with a second stack of electrically active layers, wherein the first and second stacks each function optically in series on at least a portion of their surface and are separated by an electrically insulating means, which is a gas, or is a vacuum.