Abstract:
Bidirectional optical communication devices are attached to both ends of an optical fiber, and each of them has a transmitting light wave guide coupled to a semiconductor laser and a received light wave guide which is coupled to a photodiode, and optically separated from the transmitting light wave guide. On the end face of the light-incident area of the optical fiber on which transmitting light coupled to the optical fiber from the transmitting light wave guide is directed, the light axis of the transmitting light is set so as to tilt with respect to the normal to the end face of the light-incident area so as to prevent reflected light on the end face of the light-incident area caused by the transmitting light from entering the photodiode installed on the same side as the semiconductor laser. Consequently, light communication is simultaneously carried out bidirectionally in a stable manner by using a single optical fiber; thus, it is possible to provide a bidirectional optical communication device and a bidirectional optical communication apparatus using this device at low costs.
Abstract:
A deformable mirror includes a first base plate having a first reference surface, a transparent second base plate having a second reference surface opposed to the first reference surface, a flexible member disposed between the first base plate and the second base plate and having a reflective surface on a surface thereof, the flexible member being adapted to be fitted on the first reference surface or on the second reference surface, and a driver for fitting the flexible member on the first reference surface or on the second reference surface, wherein the flexible member is held between the first base plate and the second base plate, and the light rays to be reflected by the reflective surface are imparted with the first degree of spherical aberration or with the second degree of spherical aberration by fitting the flexible member on the first reference surface or on the second reference surface by the driver.
Abstract:
An optical communication system has a plastic optical fiber (POF) and an optical communication module. The POF has a spherical end surface, and light emitted from the spherical end surface has an NA of 0.35 or lower. The POF is installed in the module such that a light receiving surface of a light receiving element (PD) is at a distance, d, from an apex of the spherical end surface. The distance, d, is within a range of 0
Abstract:
A probe (6) is displaced relative to a recording medium (8) according to a drive voltage. A chip (7) is provided at an end of the probe (6). The chip (9) serves to form pits and projections on a surface of the recording medium (8) according to a recording voltage (Vp2) and serves to output a current signal responsive to the pits and projections with a reproducing voltage (Vp1) applied. A voltage generator (14, 15) generates the recording voltage and the reproducing voltage based on address and data signals. A sample-hold unit (20, 21) samples at a specified frequency a current signal obtained from a no-recording area (9) of the recording medium by the chip (7) and produces an output voltage signal. A reproducing unit (16) demodulates and reproduces increment and decrement of the current signal obtained from a recording area (10) of the recording medium by the chip (7). A control unit (22) controlles recording and reproduction. The control unit outputs such a drive voltage that the interval between the chip (7) and the recording medium (8) is maintained constant by feedback control based on the voltage signal derived from the sample-hold unit (20, 21). The control unit controlles the recording so that no-recording areas (9) and recording areas (10) are arranged alternately.
Abstract:
A casing (25) and a nozzle plate (27) form a hollow cavity in which ink liquid can be filled. A buckling structure body (21) is disposed within this hollow cavity. A nozzle orifice (27a) is provided in a nozzle plate (27) at a position corresponding to the buckling structure body (21). The buckling structure body (21) has a portion extending in a longitudinal direction (in the direction of arrow D2). Both ends of the buckling structure body (21) in the longitudinal direction are fixedly attached to the casing (25) via an insulative member (23). The buckling structure body (21) is formed of a material that is displaced at least in the longitudinal direction by conduction of current from a power source (29). Thus, an ink jet head of a long lifetime is provided that can provide a great discharge force while maintaining its small dimension.
Abstract:
The thermal head has a substrate (2) and exothermal resistances (4) attached to the substrate at their opposite ends. Each thermal resistance expands from a non-displaced state, in which virtually no thermal stress occurs, into a curved state when its internal temp. reaches or exceeds a defined temp. A stimulation device (5) selectively stimulates the exothermal resistances, which consist of a conducting material with end parts at opposite ends attached to the substrate via insulating elements (3). The exothermal resistances generate heat according to their resistance values when stimulated by the stimulation device.
Abstract:
The ink-jet print head 1 has a nozzle plate 2 with an orifice 5 that connects with an ink containing chamber 4 . The underside of the chamber is formed by a laminated actuator element 3 that is electrically excited and causes pressure to be applied to the fluid. The top surface is in the form of a flexible diaphragm and the lower elements 6 are of glass or silicon. Between these elements is a piezo-electric bimorph construction 7 that when energised causes a deflection to occur and so produces the ink-jet action.
Abstract:
The printing head has a flexible pressure generation plate (2) forming a fluid-tight seal across a window opening (4a) of an ink chamber (6a) and deformed via an associated deformation layer (1), for generating a pressure within the ink chamber. Pref. the deformation layer is used for heating the pressure generation plate in response to an applied voltage, with resulting thermal deformation of the pressure generation plate.
Abstract:
The printer ink jet head drive devices each include a voltage supply device (10) for providing electrical energy to each of the heating elements. A measuring device (11a) measures an electrical value which directly or indirectly represents the electrical resistance of one or several heating elements. A control device (14a) controls the supply of energy to the heating elements such that the supply terminates when the electrical value measured by the measuring device reaches a threshold value.