Abstract:
Anti-reflective composites (84) comprising carbon-based polymer substrates (86),such as polyesters, are antireflected by applying to the substrates one or more discontinuous layers of inorganic materials (88, 92) having an index of refraction greater than that of the substrates.
Abstract:
A solar screening, thermally insulating, glare reducing, anti-reflecting coating (24) is formed of a two-layer stack on a substrate (12), with the first layer (22) being formed of titanium nitride and the second layer (26) being formed of a dielectric material having a high refractive index. The first layer is an absorbing layer and the dielectric layer has a refractive index in the range of 1.73 to 2.6. In the preferred embodiment, the dielectric layer is silicon nitride. Also in the preferred embodiment, a thin adhesive primer layer (20) is located between the substrate and the multipurpose window coating, while a lubricating layer (28) is formed on the dielectric layer.
Abstract:
Heat wave-reflective or electrically conductive substantially transparent sheets, such as glazing sheets, which include a transparent solid substrate (102) and one or more sequential transparent gold clad (104, 108) silver (106) layers supported by the substrate (102) are disclosed. These sheets have superior corrosion resistance to equivalent sheets made with gold/silver alloys. Sputter-deposit methods for producing these sheets are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The durability of thin metal coatings and particularly substantially transparent copper and silver plus noble metal coatings and their ability to withstand corrosive environments is improved by overcoating the metal layers (14) with a double coating of dielectric. The first coating (16) is made up of dielectric based on indium and/or zinc. The second coating (18) is made up of dielectric based on indium and tin. These overcoatings are more effective than a single coating based on one metal or a single coating based upon the two metals.
Abstract:
In a titanium nitride-based optical coating, the structural stability of the coating is enhanced by providing a damage-retardation base layer (16) between the titanium nitride layer (18) and a substrate (12). Where the optical coating is to provide solar control, the titanium nitride layer is selected primarily for achieving desired optical characteristics, while the thickness of the damage-retardation layer is selected primarily for achieving desired optical characteristics, while the thickness of the damage-retardation layer is selected primarily for achieving desired mechanical characteristics. The damage-retardation layer is formed of a grey metal, with nickel chromium being the preferred metal. The grey metal layer reduces the likelihood that the titanium nitride layer will crack. The tendency of such a layer to crack and form worm tracks is further reduced by exposing the substrate to a plasma preglow (88) and/or by using a slip agent (14) on the side of the substrate on which the layers are to be formed.
Abstract:
The adhesion to plastic substrates (112) of thick layers of functional metals (116) having an oxide heat of formation that is greater than -40,000 calories/gram atom of metal, such as silver, copper, gold, and the like, is improved if a thin layer of a metal having an oxide heat of formation of less than -50,000 calories/gram atom of metal is present as an adhesion-promoting primer layer metal has a melting point greater than 1100 DEG C, it should be present as the metal or as a substoichiometric oxide. When the primer layer metal (114) has a melting point less than 1100 DEG C, it may be present as the metal, as a substoichiometric oxide, or as a full stoichiometric oxide. Processes for preparing these materials using sputter-depositing and reflectors incorporating these materials are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A multi-layer antireflection coating (20) is formed to include successive layers of a medium refractive index material (22), a high refractive index material (24), and a low refractive index material (26). The medium refractive index layer is hydrogenated in order to tailor the refractive index of the material to below 1.99 and to increase clarity in transmission. Preferably, the hydrogen atomic concentration is at least 7 percent, more preferably exceeds 9 percent, and most preferably exceeds 18 percent. The three layers combine to form a three-layer antireflection coating, but the hydrogenation may be used in antireflection coatings having a greater or lesser number of layers. In use, the medium refractive index layer is closest to the substrate (12) for which antireflection is desired. Preferably, the medium refractive index layer is formed of an indium oxide, a tin oxide or a zinc oxide, or an oxide of an alloy in which indium, tin or zinc is a major constituent.
Abstract:
Anti-reflective composites (84) comprising carbon-based polymer substrates (86),such as polyesters, are antireflected by applying to the substrates one or more discontinuous layers of inorganic materials (88, 92) having an index of refraction greater than that of the substrates.
Abstract:
In a titanium nitride-based optical coating, the structural stability of the coating is enhanced by providing a damage-retardation base layer (16) between the titanium nitride layer (18) and a substrate (12). Where the optical coating is to provide solar control, the titanium nitride layer is selected primarily for achieving desired optical characteristics, while the thickness of the damage-retardation layer is selected primarily for achieving desired optical characteristics, while the thickness of the damage-retardation layer is selected primarily for achieving desired mechanical characteristics. The damage-retardation layer is formed of a grey metal, with nickel chromium being the preferred metal. The grey metal layer reduces the likelihood that the titanium nitride layer will crack. The tendency of such a layer to crack and form worm tracks is further reduced by exposing the substrate to a plasma preglow (88) and/or by using a slip agent (14) on the side of the substrate on which the layers are to be formed.
Abstract:
The defect known as 'applesauce' is eliminated from laminated glass structures (10) which include an intermediate plastic film (20) carrying an energy reflective layer (22) by adhering this film to one of the glass sheets (14, 26) of the laminate with an adhesive layer (18) which is less than 5 mils (0.127 mm) thick.