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    Apparatus for separating liquids by thermal diffusion
    1.
    发明专利
    Apparatus for separating liquids by thermal diffusion 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB725753A

    公开(公告)日：1955-03-09

    申请号：GB1545453

    申请日：1953-06-04

    Applicant: STANDARD OIL CO

    Inventor： JONES ARTHUR LETCHER

    IPC: B01D17/00 ,  B01D17/09

    Abstract: In apparatus for separating liquids by thermal diffusion comprising an inlet post 19 and two liquid-impervious walls 10, 11, adapted to be maintained at different temperatures and equidistantly spaced apart to form a substantially uniform thermal diffusion slit 17, a withdrawal post for separated liquid comprises a porous section 21 through which the withdrawn liquid passes. The porous section may be arranged in a groove which extends across the face of the wall and communicates through a flow-equalizing portion 24 with passage 26 extending to the exterior of the apparatus. As shown, fractions are withdrawn through two posts in opposite faces at the top of the slit; alternatively, the feed may be intermediate the ends of the slit, with withdrawal posts at each end. The slit may also be arranged horizontally. The porous section may be made of sintered metal or ceramic material, e.g., porcelain, or may comprise packing material or clay enclosed in screening material. The width of the slit is less than 0.15 inch and the walls 10, 11 are maintained at different temperatures by circulation of fluids through coils 18. The separation of a mixture of cetane and methyl-naphthalene is described.

    Separation of liquids by thermal diffusion
    3.
    发明专利
    Separation of liquids by thermal diffusion 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB726611A

    公开(公告)日：1955-03-23

    申请号：GB1489353

    申请日：1953-05-28

    Applicant: STANDARD OIL CO

    Inventor： JONES ARTHUR LETCHER

    IPC: B01D17/00 ,  B01D17/09

    Abstract: In thermal diffusion separation of a liquid mixture by passing the mixture continuously through a substantially vertical slit between two smooth equidistantly and closely spaced walls of inert heat conductive material maintained at different temperatures, and removing two fractions at points remote from the inlet, the liquid mixture is introduced at one end of the slit at a rate exceeding the rate of thermal circulation within the slit. The walls may be flat or may be concentric tubes, forming an annular slit; liquid flow may be upwards or downwards. Separation may take place in stages, either in series or parallel; flow patterns for multi-stage operation are shown diagrammatically. The hot or cold walls of two slits may be arranged back-to-back and heated or cooled by the same means. The slit width is preferably 0.01-0.15 inch and withdrawal ports may be of the type described in Specification 726,.020. Separations of a mixture of cetane and monomethylnaphthalene and of a petroleum lubricating oil into fractions are described. Graphs showing the relationship between degrees of separation and feed rate, compared with processes involving centre-feed countercurrent flow and concurrent horizontal flow. Reference is made to the concentration of vitamins, isotopes, and viruses, the enriched fractions being withdrawn at a lower rate than the other fractions. U.S.A. Specification 2,541,071 is referred to.

    Method and apparatus for separating materials by continuous liquid thermal diffusion
    8.
    发明专利
    Method and apparatus for separating materials by continuous liquid thermal diffusion 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB733580A

    公开(公告)日：1955-07-13

    申请号：GB1545353

    申请日：1953-06-04

    Applicant: STANDARD OIL CO

    Inventor： JONES ARTHUR LETCHER ,  MILBERGER ERNEST CARL

    IPC: B01D17/00

    Abstract: In the continuous separation of liquids by thermal diffusion, the liquid is passed through a narrow uniform slit formed between two walls spaced equidistantly apart at about 0.01-0.15 inch and maintained at different temperatures, a liquid-permeable membrane being arranged intermediate and parallel to the wall faces; liquid is fed into the space between the membrane and one of the walls, and one fraction is withdrawn from a point remote from the inlet on the same side of the membrane, and another fraction from the space on the other side of the membrane. In Fig. 1 the membrane 16 is arranged between two wall faces 17, 24 which are cooled and heated respectively by jackets 31, 36. Inlet and outlet ports 21, 22, 29, 30 are provided at the ends of the slit or at an intermediate point 40. In Fig. 28 (not shown) two slits have their hot walls arranged back to back and heated by an electric resistance element. Fig. 29 shows apparatus in which the slit-forming surfaces are in tubular form, membranes 52 being interposed between the surfaces of tubes 46, 47; the liquid treated and the fractions withdrawn flow through lines 61, 62, 64, 66, and heating or cooling media are circulated via lines 67, 69, 70, 71. The walls are made from material which is liquid impervious, heat conductive, and unreactive with the substances being separated; suitable materials are stainless steel, copper, aluminium, glass, brass and other alloys. Membranes may consist of paper (e.g. duplicator or tracing), a film of bentonite clay, a thin sheet of porous stainless steel, or a laminate of fibre glass impregnated with a clay filler. The slit may be in a vertical, horizontal, or inclined position; one of the fractions withdrawn may be passed to a second slit for further separation, and so on. A series of diagrams show various arrangements of input and withdrawal ports, and flow patterns for multiple slit operation. The directions of introduction and withdrawal are preferably such as not to interfere with thermal circulation within the slit; the rate of flow of liquid may, however, be greater than that of thermal circulation. Graphs show the relationship between the degree of separation and the feed rate, with different wall face areas, membranes and flow patterns; results obtained using slits without membrances are included for comparison. Examples relate to the separation of mixtures of cetane and methyl naphthalene, benzyl alcohol and ethylene glycol, and a petroleum lubricating oil into fractions of different viscosities. Reference is also made to the separation of isomeric hydrocarbons, vegetable oils, fats, and waxes, hormones, viruses, antibiotics and vitamins.

    Apparatus for separating liquids by thermal diffusion
    10.
    发明专利
    Apparatus for separating liquids by thermal diffusion 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB728562A

    公开(公告)日：1955-04-20

    申请号：GB1545553

    申请日：1953-06-04

    Applicant: STANDARD OIL CO

    Inventor： JONES ARTHUR LETCHER ,  MILBERGER ERNEST CARL

    IPC: B01D17/00

    Abstract: In apparatus for separating liquids by thermal diffusion in which the liquid is passed through a narrow slit between opposed smooth equidistantly spaced faces of two liquid-impervious walls maintained at different temperatures, the faces of the walls are prevented from touching by providing between the faces spacers in the form of pieces of wire secured to or engaging with at least one of the walls. The wires should be impervious and inert to the liquid being separated, and may be made by glass, metal, or plastic. The spacers may be attached to the wall surfaces by welding, fusion, soldering, or brazing, or by means of lugs or screws; alternatively they may be held in place by frictional engagement with the surfaces. A wire containing alternate pieces of different metals may be introduced between the surfaces and then one of the metals dissolved out. As shown in Fig. 1, copper wire spacers 21 are provided in annular slit 22 formed between tubes 10, 11; the spacers are secured to the outside of tube 10 and arranged circumferentially round the tube at axial intervals along the tube. The outer tube 11 is heated by a resistance wire coil 14. The slit may be flat and may have a permeable membrane arranged between the wall faces, each of which is provided with spacers (Fig. 4, not shown).

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