Abstract:
En un método para determinar ondas electromagnéticas que se originan desde el interior de un fundido (3), en particular un fundido metálico, se forma un espacio (26) hueco lleno de gas dentro del fundido (3) al soplar en el interior gas, y se observan las ondas electromagnéticas emitidas desde el fundido (3) a través del gas soplado en el interior, evaluado mediante alimentacion de las ondas electromagnéticas vía un sistema (20) optico a un detector (22) para determinar la temperatura y/o composicion química. Con el fin de evitar falsificacion de los valores medidos, las ondas electromagnéticas emitidas son limpiadas de ondas electromagnéticas (36, 37, 39, 40) dirigidas oblicuamente al eje (38) optico del sistema (20) optico y se presentan más allá de un radio (41) límite extraído del eje (38) optico del sistema (20) optico, al refractar tales ondas electromagnéticas (36, 37, 39, 40) alejándolas del eje (38) optico del sistema (20) optico, en un medio (42) de dispersion de ondas del sistema (20) optico, y unicamente las ondas electromagnéticas dirigidas aproximadamente paralelas al eje (38) optico del sistema (20) optico llegan a un detector (22) colocado para seguir al sistema (20) optico y/o el sistema (20) optico se mueve en relacion al espacio (26) hueco mientras se ajusta su eje (38) optico, hasta que la intensidad de las ondas electromagnéticas emitidas alcanza un máximo durante la evaluacion de las mismas (figura 2).
Abstract:
A radiation probe comprises an optionally cooled tube 10 with a window 22 at one end, and can be traversed across a gas turbine engine combustion chamber 20 by drive means 26. A radiation detector 28 simultaneously measures radiation intensity at a plurality of wavelengths, at each of a succession of positions during the traverse. From this data, local values of radiation levels, grey and non grey absorption coefficients, local temperature and local gas composition and soot concentration are calculated, using a recurrence formula which relates intensities at neighbouring positions.
Abstract:
In order to measure and control the heating of a coke furnace, it is proposed to arrange a temperature measuring means at the end of the pressure bar of a furnace. The measuring means provides an electric signal which is displayed or processed outside the furnace.
Abstract:
A radiation detection apparatus (10), such as for the detection of infrared radiation, is formed of inner and outer cylindrical stainless steel vessels (11, 19) with the inner vessel (19) supported from the top wall (13) of the outer vessel (11) by a thin, relatively long stainless steel tube (24). A heat transfer mounting member (33) is attached to the bottom of the inner vessel (19) and extends outwardly and then upwardly between and out of contact with the vessels to the position of a window opening within the outer vessel (11). A detector device (36) is affixed in good thermal contact with the mounting member (33) at the position of the window (17) and thus is maintained substantially at the temperature of the bottom surface of the inner vessel. The surfaces of the inner and outer vessels may be highly polished to prevent heat transfer to the inner vessel by infrared radiation. The use of stainless steel for the outer vessel also allows utilization of a vacuum port window structure (15) having a metal gasket (47) to minimize potential gas infiltration.
Abstract:
@ An apparatus for measuring bath temperature of metallurgical furnaces through a tuyere is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a periscope adapted to be inserted into a tuyere, a fiber optic cable having one end connected to the periscope for receiving radiation entering the tuyere from the bath of a furnace, and a two wavelength pyrometer connected to the other end of the fiber optic cable for analysing the radiations transmitted through the fiber optic cable to provide an indication of the temperature of the bath.
Abstract:
An infrared temperature probe for high pressure use is in the form of a hollow bolt adapted to be threaded into a complementary threaded aperture in the wall of a pressure vessel with the end thereof disposed flush with the internal surface of the pressure vessel wall. An infrared transparent window is secured in the end of the hollow bolt with one surface thereof disposed flush with the end of the bolt. A bundle of optical fibers is secured within the opposite end of the hollow bolt and a glass rod is mounted within the hollow bolt in operative relation to the window and the optical fiber bundle for transmitting infrared radiation from the window to the optical fiber bundle. The interior of the hollow bolt may be supplied wth a circulating cooling liquid or gas. An infrared temperature probe can also be used with a mold having an aperture for receiving an ejector pin wherein the hollow ejector pin is provided with an impact surface at one end and an infrared transparent window in the opposite end for receiving infrared radiation from a hot moulded article within the mold when the ejector pin is located within the aperture in the mold. A bundle of optical fibers extends through the hollow ejector pin and is disposed in optical transmitting engagement with the window.
Abstract:
The temperature of a pipe is measured accurately without being disturbed by the noises in the surroundings by sensing, from one pipe end, the radiation energy emitted from the inside of the pipe. For this purpose, a radiometer (3) disposed outside the pipe (1) is directed through one end of the pipe (1) towards its inside. It senses the radiation energy emitted from the inside of the pipe (1). The angle θ between the line of sight (3') and a normal line on the measuring point (2) inside the pipe (1) is so chosen that a line axisymmetrical to the radiometer axis 3' intersects the internal surface of the pipe, the axis of symmetry being the normal line N at the measuring point (2).
Abstract:
Zur Kontrolle und Steuerung der Beheizung von Koksöfen wird die Anordnung von Temperaturmeßgeräten am Druckkopf der zu Koksöfen gehörenden Druckstangen vorgeschlagen, wobei der Temperturmeßwert im Meßkopf in ein elektrisches Signal umgewandelt und nach Übermittlung in ein außenstehendes Aufzeichnungs-und/oder Auswertungsgerät aufgezeichnet wird.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for evaluating the signal of an infrared thermometer for measuring the temperature of a human body. The infrared temperature has a measuring head on which a measuring cap or a protective film sufficiently transparent for infrared radiation is mounted. During a measurement with the measuring cap or protective film "in position", the signal is evaluated with the result that measuring takes place even without a measuring cap or protective film, and an appropriate allowance is made for the consequently more intensive infrared radiation, by different signal evaluation.
Abstract:
A sight tube assembly (15 and 14), in combination with a sensing instrument (10), such as an optical pyrometer, for use in continuously monitoring the temperature of the first row of rotating blades (23) in large gas turbines, particularly the type used in industry. Temperature data received by the pyrometer unit (10) is fed to a control circuit, which regulates fuel input to the turbine to control the firing temperature. The key to obtaining reliable blade temperature data in the practice of this invention is the position of the sight tube (15) in the turbine, which enables the pyrometer (10) to "view" the rotating blades (23) along a direct line of sight (26) that penetrates a hot gas duct (18), but not the turbine section (19a) of the engine.