公开(公告)号：US06198532B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US08942122

申请日：1997-10-01

Applicant: Dario Cabib ,  Michael Adel ,  Robert A. Buckwald

Inventor： Dario Cabib ,  Michael Adel ,  Robert A. Buckwald

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: A61B5/14555 ,  A61B3/10 ,  A61B5/411 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  C12Q1/6816 ,  C12Q1/6841 ,  C12Q1/6883 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/1256 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/4535 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/6456 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/5005 ,  G01N33/56966 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2021/6423 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G06K9/76

Abstract: A spectral bio-imaging method for enhancing pathologic, physiologic, metabolic and health related spectral signatures of an eye tissue, the method comprising the steps of (a) providing an optical device for eye inspection being optically connected to a spectral imager; (b) illuminating the eye tissue with light via the iris, viewing the eye tissue through the optical device and spectral imager and obtaining a spectrum of light for each pixel of the eye tissue; and (c) attributing each of the pixels a color according to its spectral signature, thereby providing an image enhancing the spectral signatures of the eye tissue.

Abstract translation: 一种用于增强眼组织的病理，生理，代谢和健康相关光谱特征的光谱生物成像方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：（a）提供用于眼睛检查的光学装置，光学连接到光谱成像器; （b）通过光圈照射眼组织，通过光学装置和光谱成像器观察眼组织，并为眼组织的每个像素获得光谱; 以及（c）根据其光谱特征将每个像素归因于颜色，由此提供增强眼睛组织的光谱特征的图像。

公开(公告)号：US6146897A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-14

申请号：US851776

申请日：1997-05-06

Applicant: Menashi A. Cohenford ,  Prashant S. Bhandare ,  Basil Rigas

Inventor： Menashi A. Cohenford ,  Prashant S. Bhandare ,  Basil Rigas

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/48

CPC classification number: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N2021/3595 ,  G01N21/35

Abstract: This invention teaches a method to identify cellular abnormalities which are associated with disease states. The method utilizes infrared (IR) spectra of cell samples which are dried on an infrared-transparent matrix and scanned at the frequency range from 3000-950 cm.sup.-1. The identification of samples is based on establishing a reference using a representative set of spectra of normal and/or diseased specimens. During the reference assembly process, multivariate techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and/or Partial Least Squares (PLS) are used. PCA and PLS reduce the data based on maximum variations between the spectra, and generate clusters in a multidimensional space representing the different populations. The utilization of Mahalinobis distances, or linear regression (e.g., Principle Component Regression on the reduced data from PCA) form the basis for the discrimination. In one embodiment, the invention is a method to distinguish premalignant and malignant stages of cervical cancer from normal cervical cells. This method is simple to use and achieves statistically reliable distinction between the following groups of cervical smears: normal (individuals with no prior history of dysplasia), dysplasia and malignant samples. Further, this invention discloses a method to obtain the IR spectrum of individual cervical cells fixed on an infrared-transparent matrix and to use the spectra of the individual cells in the method described above. In another aspect, the invention is a method for using vibrational spectroscopic imaging to distinguish between normal and diseased cells. In another aspect, the invention is a method to identify women at a high risk for developing cervical dysplasia.

Abstract translation: 本发明教导了鉴定与疾病状态相关的细胞异常的方法。 该方法利用在红外线透明矩阵上干燥并在3000-950cm -1的频率范围内扫描的细胞样品的红外（IR）光谱。 样品的鉴定基于使用正常和/或患病样品的代表性的一组光谱建立参考。 在参考组装过程中，使用多变量技术，如主成分分析（PCA）和/或部分最小二乘法（PLS）。 PCA和PLS基于光谱之间的最大变化减少数据，并在表示不同种群的多维空间中生成簇。 马哈利诺比斯距离的使用或线性回归（例如，来自PCA的简化数据的原理组件回归）构成了歧视的基础。 在一个实施方案中，本发明是将宫颈癌的恶化前期和恶化阶段与正常宫颈细胞区分开的方法。 这种方法使用简单，可以在以下几组宫颈涂片之间进行统计学上可靠的区分：正常（不具有发育异常史的个体），发育异常和恶性样本。 此外，本发明公开了一种获得固定在红外线透明基质上的各个子宫颈细胞的IR光谱并使用上述方法中的各个细胞的光谱的方法。 另一方面，本发明是使用振动光谱成像来区分正常细胞和患病细胞的方法。 在另一方面，本发明是鉴定发生子宫颈发育不良的高风险妇女的方法。

公开(公告)号：US6016197A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-18

申请号：US934236

申请日：1997-09-22

Applicant: Sergej G. Krivoshlykov

Inventor： Sergej G. Krivoshlykov

IPC: G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01N21/7703 ,  G01N2021/7779

Abstract: An optical spectrum analyzer based on optical processing of the far field interference pattern from two beams irradiated by light transmitting waveguides is described. The spectrum analyzer can operate in UV, VIS, NIR and MIR ranges of spectrum and it can be based on either optical fibers (multimode or single-mode) or integrated optical waveguides. It has many important applications, for example, as a simple, compact and inexpensive spectrum analyzer used with fiber optic chemical and biological sensors.

Abstract translation: 描述了基于由光发射波导照射的两个光束的远场干涉图案的光学处理的光谱分析仪。 光谱分析仪可以在UV，VIS，NIR和MIR光谱范围内工作，并且可以基于光纤（多模或单模）或集成光波导。 它具有许多重要的应用，例如，作为光纤化学和生物传感器使用的简单，紧凑和便宜的频谱分析仪。

公开(公告)号：US5963322A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

申请号：US27901

申请日：1998-02-23

Applicant: Norbert Rapp ,  Arno Simon

Inventor： Norbert Rapp ,  Arno Simon

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: An optical spectrometer (1) with an interferometer having a means for varying the optical path difference comprising a drive (8), and with a detector (6) for recording optical signals from the interferometer and converting them into electrical analog signals, wherein an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) (9) is connected to the detector (6) digitizing the electrical analog signals in a time-equidistant manner, is characterized in that the data acquisition electronics (17) are supplied by a switched power supply (14), the clock of which is derived from the same reference oscillator (16) as the clock of the signal digitization by the ADC (9). In contrast to known spectrometers with spatially equidistant sampling of the detector signal, the design of the spectrometer according to the invention is considerably cheaper and more compact with respect to its voltage supply elements. Galvanic separation of the data acquisition electronics and the electronic control unit of the linear drive is no longer required.

Abstract translation: 一种具有干涉仪的光谱仪（1），具有用于改变光程差的装置，包括驱动器（8），以及用于记录来自干涉仪的光信号并将其转换成电模拟信号的检测器（6），其中模拟 数字转换器（ADC）（9）连接到以时间等距的方式对电气模拟信号进行数字化的检测器（6），其特征在于数据采集电路（17）由开关电源 14），其时钟源自与ADC（9）的信号数字化的时钟相同的参考振荡器（16）。 与已知的具有对检测器信号进行空间等距取样的光谱仪相反，根据本发明的光谱仪的设计相当于其电压供应元件便宜得多且更紧凑。 数据采集​​电子元件和线性驱动电子控制单元的电气分离不再需要。

公开(公告)号：US5895918A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-20

申请号：US60909

申请日：1998-04-15

Applicant: George Louis Powell ,  Russell Louis Hallman, Jr.

Inventor： George Louis Powell ,  Russell Louis Hallman, Jr.

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/35

CPC classification number: G01J3/453

Abstract: An apparatus for and method of analyzing an article having an entrance and an exit in communication with the entrance. The apparatus comprises: a spectrometer having an emission source with a focal point; a plurality of mirrors; and a detector connected to the spectroscope. The emission source is positioned so that its focal point is substantially coextensive with the entrance of the article. The mirrors comprise: a first mirror positionable adjacent the exit of the article and a second mirror positioned relative to the other of said plurality of mirrors. The first mirror receives scattered emissions exiting the article and substantially collimates the scattered emissions. The second mirror substantially focuses the collimated emissions into a focused emission. The detector receives the focused emission from the mirrors.

Abstract translation: 用于分析具有与入口通信的入口和出口的物品的装置和方法。 该装置包括：具有具有焦点的发射源的光谱仪; 多个镜子; 和连接到分光镜的检测器。 排放源被定位成使其焦点与制品的入口基本上共同延伸。 反射镜包括：可邻近物品出口定位的第一镜和相对于所述多个镜中的另一个定位的第二镜。 第一个反射镜接收离开物品的散射的排放物，并大大准直了散射的排放物。 第二个镜子基本上将准直发射集中到聚焦发射。 检测器接收来自反射镜的聚焦发射。

公开(公告)号：US5612784A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-18

申请号：US584217

申请日：1996-01-04

Applicant: Raul Curbelo

Inventor： Raul Curbelo

IPC: G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/453

CPC classification number: G01J3/453

Abstract: By considering a transient signal as merely another signal in a linear, shift-invariant system representing a step-scanning Fourier transform spectrometer, the present invention characterizes the transient signal and then compensates for its effect on the measurement by employing various signal processing techniques. Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, it provides a method for obtaining the spectrum of the desired signal by subtracting the Fourier transform of the transient signal from the Fourier transform of the composite signal output from the detector (i.e., the signal containing both the desired signal and the transient signal). According to another aspect of the present invention, it provides a method for deriving an estimate of the Fourier transform of the transient signal from the Fourier transform of the composite signal.

Abstract translation: 通过考虑瞬态信号作为代表阶跃扫描傅里叶变换光谱仪的线性，移位不变系统中的另一信号，本发明描述了瞬态信号，然后通过采用各种信号处理技术来补偿其对测量的影响。 因此，根据本发明的一个方面，它提供了一种通过从检测器输出的复合信号的傅里叶变换中减去瞬态信号的傅里叶变换来获得期望信号的频谱的方法（即，包含 所需信号和瞬态信号）。 根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种用于从复合信号的傅里叶变换导出瞬态信号的傅立叶变换的估计的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5558934A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-24

申请号：US352026

申请日：1994-11-30

Applicant: Nelson L. Rowell ,  Edward A. Wang

Inventor： Nelson L. Rowell ,  Edward A. Wang

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G02B27/10 ,  B32B5/16

CPC classification number: G01J3/453 ,  Y10T428/261 ,  Y10T428/265 ,  Y10T428/31681 ,  Y10T428/31786

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to a composite material for use in a beamsplitter for the far infrared which provides a high operating efficiency over the spectral range of 50 to 550 cm.sup.-1. The composite comprises a thin, substantially uniformly thick synthetic resin film having low far infrared absorption, preferably polyethyleneterephthalate, and a thin substantially uniformly thick coating of a transparent material having an index of refraction of about twice that of the substrate, preferably of germanium. An improved interferometer including a beamsplitter formed of the composite is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 所公开的本发明涉及一种用于远红外分束器的复合材料，其在50至550cm -1的光谱范围内提供高的操作效率。 复合材料包括具有低远红外线吸收性，优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的薄的，基本上均匀的厚的合成树脂膜，以及薄的基本均匀的厚的透明材料涂层，其折射率为基底，优选锗的折射率的两倍。 还公开了一种包括由复合材料形成的分束器的改进的干涉仪。

公开(公告)号：US5555087A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US260223

申请日：1994-06-14

Applicant: Ichirou Miyagawa ,  Masahiro Toida

Inventor： Ichirou Miyagawa ,  Masahiro Toida

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01B11/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/4795

Abstract: A low coherence light beam is split into first and second light beams, and the frequency of the first light beam is shifted. The first and second light beams are then combined with each other at a position at which the optical path difference between the two light beams is larger than the coherence length of the low coherence light beam. The combined light beam is guided to a position in the vicinity of a medium having light scattering properties and split into a third light beam, which travels reversely to the direction of travel of the combined light beam, and a fourth light beam, which is irradiated to the medium. A light beam scattered backwardly from a predetermined depth in the medium is caused to interfere with the third light beam, and the intensity of the resulting interference light beam is detected. Optical heterodyne detection of the intensity of the backward scattered light beam is carried out in accordance with the detected intensity of the interference light beam, and information representing the microstructure of the predetermined deed portion in the medium is thereby obtained.

Abstract translation: 低相干光束被分割成第一和第二光束，并且第一光束的频率偏移。 然后，第一和第二光束在两个光束之间的光程差大于低相干光束的相干长度的位置彼此组合。 组合的光束被引导到具有光散射特性的介质附近的位置，并分裂成与组合光束的行进方向相反行进的第三光束和被照射的第四光束 到中等 导致从介质中的预定深度向后散射的光束与第三光束干涉，并且检测所得到的干涉光束的强度。 根据检测到的干涉光束的强度进行反向散射光束的强度的光外差检测，从而获得表示介质中的规定部位的微观结构的信息。

公开(公告)号：US5499095A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-12

申请号：US410934

申请日：1995-03-27

Applicant: Jurgen Gast ,  Arno Simon

Inventor： Jurgen Gast ,  Arno Simon

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01N21/01

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: The invention concerns an optical or infrared Fourier spectrometer with a plurality of entrances and exits for the coupling on of external sources or samples. The entrances can also be used as exits and vice versa.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及具有多个入口和出口的光学或红外傅立叶光谱仪，用于外部源或样品上的耦合。 入口也可以用作出口，反之亦然。

公开(公告)号：US5357337A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-18

申请号：US979022

申请日：1992-11-20

Applicant: Gerald J. Michon ,  Jerome J. Tiemann

Inventor： Gerald J. Michon ,  Jerome J. Tiemann

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G06E3/00 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G06E3/005 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J2003/4538

Abstract: An interferometer Fourier transform spectrometer, having increased speed, is capable of performing a Fourier transform in parallel, in analog form, using a weighted matrix. The spectrometer includes a linear detector array responsive to an interferogram. The detector array is coupled to a plurality of integrating sampling amplifiers. Each column of a group of columns of the matrix is coupled in parallel to a respective integrating sampling amplifier, and the output signals from each row of a group of rows form an output signal array.

Abstract translation: 具有增加的速度的干涉仪傅里叶变换光谱仪能够以模拟形式使用加权矩阵并行地执行傅里叶变换。 光谱仪包括响应于干涉图的线性检测器阵列。 检测器阵列耦合到多个积分采样放大器。 矩阵的一组列的每列与相应的积分采样放大器并联耦合，并且来自一组行的每一行的输出信号形成输出信号阵列。