Abstract:
A dose calculator for heavy-ion therapy systems uses a limited number of spread out Bragg peak models obtainable by a particular therapy system, the models which may be adjusted in energy (offset) and dose contribution (treatment time) to produce a unique composite dose having a complex dose profile with limited reduced time.
Abstract:
A negative refractive index device and a method of generating radiation. In one embodiment, the device includes: (1) an optical input configured to receive light and (2) an optical medium having a negative index of refraction and a second-order nonlinearity proximate a center frequency of the light, coupled to the optical input and configured to resonate in response to the light to yield radiation having a phase velocity based on a group velocity of the light.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a light measuring device 34, in particular for dental light curing devices, for detecting the illumination intensity of a light source 19, which is arranged, in particular, in the light curing device, to which a light guiding device, in particular, having a light exit surface 21 at its outlet, is connected, the light measuring device 34 having at least four measurement fields 38 distributed in two dimensions.
Abstract:
An apparatus for producing an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) discharge includes a metal source, a laser that produces a focused laser beam, and electrode operatively coupled to the metal source. The electrode includes a plurality of discrete metal retaining zones that deliver a controlled volume of metal into the focused laser beam to produce an EUV discharge plasma.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a combination electrical device comprising a housing wherein there can be at least one light and at least one sensor disposed in the housing. The light serves as a guide light wherein the sensor is for determining the presence or absence of light. Inside the housing can be face terminals which extend up to a user accessible interface in the form of apertures for receiving prongs of a plug. The housing can include an additional housing for receiving a circuit board coupled to the light and the sensor. In addition, there can be a translucent cover for covering the light and the sensor. In at least one embodiment, the translucent cover can extend along at least one fourth of a length of a front face of the housing. In another embodiment, the translucent cover can extend along at least one third of a length of a front face of the housing. In still another embodiment, the translucent cover can extend along one half of a length of the housing.
Abstract:
The present invention includes: photoelectric conversion element 103 that converts electrical signals into optical signals and optical signals into electrical signals; and optical communication LSI 102 electrically connected to photoelectric conversion element 103. Also, the present invention includes electrical wiring substrate 101 including a plurality of electrodes 201 and 202 on which photoelectric conversion element 103 and optical communication LSI 102 are mounted by flip-chip attachment and a plurality of wiring layers 101a, 101b and 101c electrically connecting respective electrodes 201 and 202, wiring layers 101a, 101b and 101c being provided at an upper surface, a lower surface and an inner portion of electrical wiring substrate 101, respectively. Also, electrodes 201 and 202 to which photoelectric conversion element 103 is bonded are provided at a side surface of electrical wiring substrate 101.
Abstract:
An optical filter device for filtering radiation energy includes a substrate having a plurality of coating layers which are both transmissive to a specified wavelength band of radiation. The plurality of coating layers on a surface of the substrate each have a specified coating thickness. The plurality of coating layers cause destructive interference and/or reflection of the radiation outside the specified wavelength band of the radiation while radiation within the specified wavelength band is passed through the substrate and the plurality of coating layers. The substrate or window/filter may be positioned in a housing between a receiving element such as a pyroelectric element and the radiation energy wherein the specified wavelength band of radiation passes through the substrate and plurality of coating layers to the pyroelectric element. A signaling device communicates a signal indicating when the radiation energy within the specified wavelength band reaches the at least one pyroelectric element.
Abstract:
A sound output portion 7, a power supply switch 4, and a power supply portion 3, which are provided at a detachable portion A of a manipulation grip 1 are configured to be detachable from a main body portion B of the manipulation grip 1. Accordingly, upon sterilization using a sterilizing gas such as an EOG, the sound output portion 7, the power supply switch 4, and the power supply portion 3 can be removed on a detachable portion A basis. This in turn allows for using a sterilizing gas such as EOG to sterilize the radiation detector except the sound output portion 7, the power supply switch 4, and the power supply portion 3, thereby preventing damage caused by a negative pressure in the sound output portion 7.
Abstract:
An assembly is provided for the direct measurement of a vertical intensity profile through a plane of focus along an illuminating beam, a determination of a depth of the focal plane and a maximum intensity of the intensity profile. The assembly includes a plurality of focusing indicia fixed relative to a substrate, the focusing indicia being distributed at different locations along the illuminating beam. The focusing indicia are configured to be illuminated with an intensity corresponding to the position relative to the plane of focus along the axis of the illuminating beam. The location of the respective focusing indicia can be predetermined, such as along a given scale at a given inclination of the scale and the path of the illuminating beam, or not initially known and subsequently determined.
Abstract:
A system for detecting unsecured nuclear materials. Whereas current portal monitors rely in part on physical prominence to deter materials from entering the country, their application at intra-modal transport points may actually serve to divert the movement of nuclear materials rather than aid in interception. A flexible and low-profile system has been developed for unobtrusive detection and tracking of radioactive sources in transit suited for deployment at traffic choke points such as rest stops, toll collection plazas, truck stops, and bridges. The system includes gamma radiation detectors, networking for linking these detectors, signal processing algorithms, and a central processing and control unit.