公开(公告)号：US5168326A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-01

申请号：US735557

申请日：1991-07-25

Applicant: Tsunemi Tokieda ,  Norio Ishida

Inventor： Tsunemi Tokieda ,  Norio Ishida

IPC: G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N30/74

CPC classification number: G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N2021/0346 ,  G01N2201/067

Abstract: In a detection apparatus, a linearly polarized light beam polarized in a polarizer (62) is converted by being transmitted through a Pockels cell (60), driven by an alternative voltage, into an alternative linearly polarized light beam and a circularly polarized light beam, which is transmitted through a sample solution flowing through a flow cell (68). The transmitted light beam is separated into two polarized light components, and an intensity thereof is measured to obtain a signal proportional to an angle of rotation by the sample solution. A signal corresponding to an angle of rotation caused by an optical rotary power of the sample solution is obtained by subtracting the signal obtained during irradiation of the circularly polarized light from the signal obtained during irradiation of the linearly polarized light. The sample solution (18) is infused into an optical path of the flow cell (68) under a condition where mean velocity is 0.5 to 5 m/sec.

Abstract translation: 在检测装置中，偏振器（62）中偏振的线偏振光束通过由替代电压驱动的普克尔斯单元（60）传输到替代的线性偏振光束和圆偏振光束中而被转换， 其通过流过流动池（68）的样品溶液透过。 将透射光束分离为两个偏振光分量，并测量其强度以获得与样品溶液的旋转角成正比的信号。 通过从在线偏振光的照射期间获得的信号中减去在圆偏振光的照射期间获得的信号，获得与由样品溶液的光学旋转功率引起的旋转角度相对应的信号。 在平均速度为0.5〜5m / sec的条件下，将样品溶液（18）输入到流通池（68）的光路中。

公开(公告)号：US5091320A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-25

申请号：US538648

申请日：1990-06-15

Applicant: David E. Aspnes ,  William E. Quinn

Inventor： David E. Aspnes ,  William E. Quinn

IPC: C30B23/08 ,  C23C14/54 ,  C23C16/52 ,  C30B23/00 ,  C30B25/16 ,  G01B11/24 ,  G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/00 ,  H01L21/203 ,  H01L21/205

CPC classification number: C23C16/52 ,  C23C14/547 ,  C23C14/548 ,  C30B23/002 ,  C30B25/16 ,  C30B25/165 ,  Y10T117/1008

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the growth of a multispecies film. During the film growth, an ellipsometer continuously monitors the surface on which the film is growing. The ellipsometer data is used to calculate the effective complex dielectric constant of the thin-film/substrate structure. A sequence of such data is used in a model calculation to determine the composition of the top portion of the thin film. The measured composition is compared with the target composition and the amount supplied of one of the species is correspondingly changed.

Abstract translation: 一种用于控制多物质膜生长的方法和装置。 在膜生长期间，椭圆光度计连续地监测膜正在生长的表面。 椭圆计数据用于计算薄膜/衬底结构的有效复介电常数。 在模型计算中使用这样的数据的序列来确定薄膜顶部的组成。 将测量的组合物与目标组成进行比较，并且相应地改变一种物质的供应量。

公开(公告)号：US5031993A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-16

申请号：US438300

申请日：1989-11-16

Applicant: Rahul Asthana ,  Robert D. Miller ,  Franklin M. Schellenberg ,  Glenn T. Sincerbox ,  James M. Zavislan

Inventor： Rahul Asthana ,  Robert D. Miller ,  Franklin M. Schellenberg ,  Glenn T. Sincerbox ,  James M. Zavislan

IPC: G01J4/04 ,  G02B27/28 ,  G02B27/42 ,  G11B7/135 ,  G11B11/10 ,  G11B11/105

CPC classification number: G11B11/10543 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G11B11/10576

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for detecting the polarization state of an optical wavefront is disclosed, which is especially suitable for use in an integrated magneto-optic recording head. An optically transparent waveguide structure transmits TE and TM modes of the wavefront propagated as a beam coupled into the waveguide by a TE/TM grating coupler. In the waveguide structure is a periodic structure comprising a birefringent mode separator that splits the propagating beam into TE and TM modes. The mode separator comprises an array of uniformly spaced volumes of identical configuration. Photosensitive devices detect the intensity of the light contained within each of the separated beams. The signals from these photosensitive devices are used to determine the state of polarization of the optical wavefront. The periodic structure may, if desired, comprise regions of alternating birefringence, such as a Bragg grating, either in a waveguide layer or a cladding layer. Focal power is introduced (1) by providing focal power in the input grating coupler to the waveguide with a curved grating structure, (2) by varying the pitch of the birefringent mode separator extending in a direction transverse to the optical axis of the propagating beam, or (3) by introducing a surface grating with a varying pitch in a direction transverse of the optical axis.

公开(公告)号：US5005977A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-09

申请号：US429218

申请日：1989-10-30

Applicant: Toma Tomoff

Inventor： Toma Tomoff

IPC: G01N21/21 ,  G01J4/04

CPC classification number: G01J4/04

Abstract: A polarimeter for measuring the rotation of optically active samples comprises a light source which generates a measuring light beam, a polarizer mounted for rotation about the beam axis of the measuring light beam, a driving mechanism for reciprocating rotational movement of the polarizer, a sample vessel, an analyzer behind the sample vessel, a photoelectric detector, and balancing means which are controlled by the signal of the photoelectric detector and by which a position can be achieved in which the polarizer and analyzer are arranged substantially crosswise. The balancing means comprises a steeper motor for rotating the polarizer with an adjusting movement superimposed by the reciprocatingly rotational movement by which adjusting movement a quick coarse balancing of the polarizer plane of the measuring light beam relative to a zero position of the analyzer is achieved. Fine measuring means are provided for the fine measuring of the angle between the polarization plane of the analyzer in its zero position and the polarization plane of the coarsely balanced measuring light beam.

Abstract translation: 用于测量光学活性样品的旋转的旋光计包括产生测量光束的光源，安装用于围绕测量光束的光束轴线旋转的偏振器，用于偏振器的往复旋转运动的驱动机构，样品容器 ，样品容器背后的分析仪，光电检测器和平衡装置，其由光电检测器的信号控制，并且可以实现将偏振器和分析器基本上交叉布置的位置。 该平衡装置包括一个较陡的电动机，用于通过叠加在往复旋转运动上的调节运动来旋转偏振器，通过该调节运动，可以实现测量光束的偏振器平面相对于分析仪的零位置的快速粗略平衡。 提供精细的测量装置，用于精细测量分析仪在其零位的偏振面与粗平衡测量光束的偏振平面之间的角度。

公开(公告)号：US4410277A

公开(公告)日：1983-10-18

申请号：US201483

申请日：1980-06-30

Applicant: Manabu Yamamoto ,  Masahiro Ojima

Inventor： Manabu Yamamoto ,  Masahiro Ojima

IPC: G01N21/21 ,  G02F1/09 ,  G11B7/09 ,  G11B11/105 ,  G11C13/06 ,  G01J4/04

CPC classification number: G02F1/09 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G11B11/10515 ,  G11B11/10545 ,  G11B7/0908 ,  G11B7/0917 ,  G11C13/06 ,  G01N2021/218

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for detecting magneto-optical anisotropy which can be utilized as an information reproduction apparatus for detecting information recorded on a magnetic medium. The apparatus consists of a light source (10), a magneto-optically anisotropic medium (20), a polarization analyzer (33A) and a light detector (34). To avoid the information reproduction by means of the linearly polarized light as in the prior art, the apparatus of the present invention reproduces the information using the light source (10) which generates the elliptically polarized light. This makes it possible to reproduce the information having a high signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / JP79 / 00272 Sec。 371日期1980年6月30日第 102（e）1980年6月30日PCT申请日，1979年10月26日PCT公布。 出版物WO80 / 01016 PCT 日期：1980年5月15日。本发明涉及一种用于检测磁光各向异性的装置，其可以用作用于检测记录在磁介质上的信息的信息再现装置。 该装置由光源（10），磁光学各向异性介质（20），偏振分析器（33A）和光检测器（34）组成。 为了避免如现有技术中的线性偏振光的信息再现，本发明的装置使用产生椭圆偏振光的光源（10）再现信息。 这使得可以再现具有高信噪比的信息。

公开(公告)号：US4179217A

公开(公告)日：1979-12-18

申请号：US877758

申请日：1978-02-14

Applicant: Andre J. Robert ,  Jean C. Filippini ,  Michel Ferre

Inventor： Andre J. Robert ,  Jean C. Filippini ,  Michel Ferre

IPC: G01L1/24 ,  G01N21/23 ,  G01J4/04

CPC classification number: G01L1/241 ,  G01N21/23

Abstract: This invention relates to a dynamic photoelasticimeter with a rotating birefringent element. It comprises a laser, a birefringent plate rotatable at a constant speed, a model to be studied, a circular analyzer and a photodetector supplying signals at its output having frequency components of 2.omega. and 4.omega.. The ratio of the amplitudes of these signals supplies an indication of the phase shift .phi. (t) contributed by the model, and the phase of the signal of the frequency 4.omega. contributes information as to the orientation .theta. of the axes of the model at the point in question.The present invention provides a particularly simple and accurate dynamic photoelasticimeter.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及具有旋转双折射元件的动态光弹性计。 它包括激光器，以恒定速度旋转的双折射板，待研究的模型，圆形分析器和在其输出处提供具有2ω和4ω的频率分量的信号的光电检测器。 这些信号的幅度比率提供了由模型贡献的相移phi（t）的指示，并且频率4ω的信号的相位贡献关于在模型的轴的方向θ的信息 有问题。 本发明提供了一种特别简单且精确的动态光弹性计。

公开(公告)号：US4118125A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-03

申请号：US749475

申请日：1976-12-10

Applicant: Rolf Karl Gundermann

Inventor： Rolf Karl Gundermann

IPC: G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/40

CPC classification number: G01J4/04

Abstract: A polarimeter comprises a polariser and an analyser between which is disposed a sample whose optical activity is to be determined. Light passes through the polariser, sample and analyser to a light detector responsive to the intensity of the light transmitted by the analyser. The polariser has a fixed orientation and the analyser is rotated by a motor which is driven in synchronism with digital clock pulses. The phase of the output signal from the light detector is compared with the phase of a digital signal derived from the clock pulses to determine the optical activity of the sample.

Abstract translation: 偏振器包括偏振器和分析器，在该分析器之间设置有要确定其光学活性的样品。 根据分析仪传输的光强度，光通过偏振器，采样和分析仪到达光检测器。 偏振器具有固定的方向，分析仪由与数字时钟脉冲同步驱动的电机旋转。 来自光检测器的输出信号的相位与从时钟脉冲导出的数字信号的相位进行比较，以确定样品的光学活性。

公开(公告)号：US3902805A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-02

申请号：US39812173

申请日：1973-09-17

Applicant: VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY INC

Inventor： REDNER SALOMON

IPC: G01L1/00 ,  G01B11/16 ,  G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/23 ,  G01B11/18 ,  G01N21/40

CPC classification number: G01N21/23

Abstract: Birefringence resulting from the relative retardation of light waves propagating at different speeds through a stressed plate or coating is measured automatically by splitting a light wave emerging from the stressed plate or coating into at least two beams, filtering each beam with a filter which transmits a different wave length, transforming the light intensity from each filter into electrical signals and using the electrical signals to measure the resulting phase shift which is directly proportional to the birefringence.

Abstract translation: 通过将应力板或涂层的不同速度传播的光波的相对延迟产生的双折射通过将从应力板或涂层出现的光波分成至少两束来自动测量， 波长，将来自每个滤波器的光强度转换成电信号，并使用电信号来测量与双折射成正比的结果相移。

公开(公告)号：US3741661A

公开(公告)日：1973-06-26

申请号：US3741661D

申请日：1971-04-12

Applicant: NIPPON KOGAKU KK

Inventor： YAMAMOTO T ,  KASAI T

IPC: G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/40

CPC classification number: G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/211

Abstract: A polarimeter is constructed to measure the two variables of polarization (angle of elliptical orientation and phase difference) of a polarized light beam after transmitting through a specimen oriented at an arbitrary angle. A polarizer and an analyzer are arranged on an optical axis in spaced-apart and crossed-Nicol prism relation. An optical modulator, positioned intermediate the polarizer and the analyzer, has means connected thereto for the application of two separated signals to the modulator. A rotatable quarter-wave plate and a rotatable halfwave plate are cooperably related to the polarizer, analyzer and optical modulator, there being a servomotor coupled to the quarter-wave plate and another servomotor coupled to the halfwave plate. The optical modulator acts to modulate both of the two variables of polarization. One of the two signals derived from the optical modulator is applied to one servomotor to drive the quarter-wave plate, and the second signal is applied to the other servomotor to drive the half-wave plate. In the polarimeter, is incorporated a device which can determine the direction of a major axis of polarization ellipse and the phasedifference in units of wave-length. The device is also capable to indicate the direction of the ''''fast'''' axis of a specimen affecting a polarization state of light.

Abstract translation: 构造偏振计以测量透射通过以任意角度取向的样本之后的偏振光的两个偏振变量（椭圆取向角和相位差）。 偏振器和分析器以间隔和交叉的尼科耳棱镜关系布置在光轴上。 位于偏振器和分析器之间的光学调制器具有连接到其上的装置，以将两个分离的信号施加到调制器。 可旋转的四分之一波片和可旋转半波片与偏振器，分析器和光学调制器协调地相关联，存在耦合到四分之一波片的伺服电机和耦合到半波片的另一个伺服马达。 光调制器用于调制两个极化变量两者。 从光调制器得到的两个信号中的一个被施加到一个伺服电机以驱动四分之一波片，并且第二信号被施加到另一个伺服电机以驱动半波片。 在偏光计中，包含能够确定偏振椭圆的长轴的方向和波长单位的相位差的装置。 该装置还能够指示影响光的偏振状态的样本的“快”轴的方向。

公开(公告)号：US3687555A

公开(公告)日：1972-08-29

申请号：US3687555D

申请日：1970-12-23

Applicant: NIPPON KOGAKU KK

Inventor： YAMAMOTO TADAAKI ,  KASAI TOSHIYUKI

IPC: G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G02F1/03 ,  G01N21/40

CPC classification number: G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/211 ,  G02F1/0327

Abstract: Photoelectric polarization analyzer of this invention includes polarization system consisting of a linear polarizer or a polarizing orientation oscillating K.D.P. elements, quarter-wave plate and a compensator; an analyzer; another quarter-wave plate provided between the analyzer and a specimen; an electric device for separating two photoelectric signals converted by a photoelectric element from the light transmitted through said other quarter-wave plate into two electric control signals. In the prior art one of the control signals is used to rotate the polarization system for compensating the orientation of the specimen, and the other control signal is used for shifting the compensator for compensating the phase difference. However, in this invention a half-wave plate is interposed between the polarization system and is and the specimen rotatable in a plane perpendicular to the optic axis of the polarization system, and said one of the two signals is applied to the half-wave plate to rotate it instead of rotating the polarization system, which simplifies the structure.

Abstract translation: 本发明的光电偏振分析仪包括由线性偏振器或偏振方向振荡K.D.P.组成的偏振系统。 元件，四分之一波片和补偿器; 分析仪 设置在分析仪和样品之间的另一个四分之一波片; 用于将由光电元件转换的两个光电信号与从其他四分之一波片传输的光分离成两个电控信号的电子装置。 在现有技术中，一个控制信号用于旋转偏振系统以补偿样本的取向，另一个控制信号用于移位补偿器以补偿相位差。 然而，在本发明中，半波片介于极化系统之间，并且样本和样本在垂直于偏振系的光轴的平面中可旋转，并且所述两个信号中的一个被施加到半波片 以旋转它而不是旋转偏振系统，这简化了结构。