Abstract:
Processes are provided for using employing lower activity hydrodesulfurization catalysts while achieving a desired product sulfur content. After determining effective reaction conditions for hydrodesulfurization using a reference catalyst system, an upstream portion of the catalyst system can be replaced with a lower activity upstream portion. The process allows tailored product sulfur levels to be achieved using reaction conditions similar to those for the reference catalyst system.
Abstract:
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) storage catalysts comprising cobalt and barium with a lean NOx storage ratio of 1.3 or greater. The NOx storage catalysts can be used to reduce NOx emissions from diesel or gas combustion engines by contacting the catalysts with the exhaust gas from the engines. The NOx storage catalysts can be one of the active components of a catalytic converter, which is used to treat exhaust gas from such engines.
Abstract:
Described herein are processes for production of hydrocarbon products comprising contacting a feed comprising methanol and/or dimethyl ether with a catalyst composition, which comprises a zeolite having a constraint index from 1-12 and an active binder comprising a metal oxide with a dehydrogenation function, under conditions sufficient to form the hydrocarbon product, wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises aromatics, olefins, and/or paraffins. Also described herein are catalyst compositions comprising a zeolite having a 10-/12-membered ring framework and a microporous surface area of at least 150 m2/g, and from ˜1 wt % to ˜10 wt % of a zinc oxide binder, the catalyst composition having a zinc to aluminum atomic ratio from ˜0.08 to ˜8.5.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition includes a zeolite, a binder, and a Group 12 transition metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, or a combination thereof, the zeolite having a silicon to aluminum ratio of at least about 10, the catalyst composition comprising about 50 wt % or less of the binder based on a total weight of the catalyst composition, the catalyst composition having a micropore surface area of at least about 340 m2/g, a molar ratio of Group 12 transition metal to aluminum of about 0.1 to about 1.3, and at least one of (a) a mesoporosity of greater than about 20 m2/g; (b) a diffusivity for 2,2-dimethylbutane of greater than about 1×10−2 sec−1 when measured at a temperature of about 120° C. and a 2,2-dimethylbutane pressure of about 60 torr (about 8 kPa).
Abstract:
Methods are provided for improving the yield of distillate products from hydroprocessing of gas oil feedstocks, such as vacuum gas oils. It has been unexpectedly found that stripping of gases or fractionation to separate out a distillate fraction during initial hydrotreatment of a feed can provide a substantial increase in distillate yield at a desired amount of feedstock conversion. The improvement in yield of distillate products can allow a desired level of conversion to be performed on a feedstock for generating lubricating base oil products while reducing or minimizing the amount of naphtha (or lower) boiling range products. Alternatively, the improvement in yield of distillate products can correspond to an improved yield during a single pass through a reaction system, so that distillate yield is increased even though a lubricant boiling range product is not generated.
Abstract:
Embodiments of a wireless transceiver are provided. Embodiments can be used in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless transceivers. In an embodiment, radio control signal bundles are provided as direct parallel interconnects between digital signal processing modules and the radio module of the wireless transceiver to enable a precise low-latency control of radio functions. In another embodiment, a separate physical line is provided to control each radio setting of the radio module, thereby enabling simultaneous real-time control of any number of radio settings. In a further embodiment, the various digital and analog components of the wireless transceiver are integrated within a single chip of the same process technology.
Abstract:
Processes are provided for using employing lower activity hydrodesulfurization catalysts while achieving a desired product sulfur content. After determining effective reaction conditions for hydrodesulfurization using a reference catalyst system, an upstream portion of the catalyst system can be replaced with a lower activity upstream portion. The process allows tailored product sulfur levels to be achieved using reaction conditions similar to those for the reference catalyst system.
Abstract:
Catalyst compositions including a zeolite having a molar ratio of silicon to aluminum of about 10.0 to about 300.0; a Group 10-12 element and combinations thereof; a Group 15 element and combinations thereof; and optionally, a binder, wherein the catalyst composition has a molar ratio of Group 15 element to Group 10-12 element of about 0.01 to about 10.0 are disclosed. Methods of converting organic compounds to aromatics using such catalyst compositions are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition comprising a zeolite, an alumina binder, and a Group 12 transition metal selected from Zn and/or Cd, the zeolite having a Si/Al ratio of at least about 10 and a micropore surface area of at least about 340 m2/g, the catalyst composition comprising about 50 wt % or less of the binder, based on a total weight of the catalyst composition, and having a micropore surface area of at least about 290 m2/g, a molar ratio of Group 12 transition metal to aluminum of about 0.1 to about 1.3, and at least one of: a mesoporosity of about 20 m2/g to about 120 m2/g; a diffusivity for 2,2-dimethylbutane of greater than about 1×10−2 sec−1 when measured at a temperature of about 120° C. and a 2,2-dimethylbutane pressure of about 60 torr (8 kPa); and a combined micropore surface area and mesoporosity of at least about 380 m2/g.
Abstract:
An integrated process for producing naphtha fuel, diesel fuel and/or lubricant base oils from feedstocks under sour conditions is provided. The ability to process feedstocks under higher sulfur and/or nitrogen conditions allows for reduced cost processing and increases the flexibility in selecting a suitable feedstock. The sour feed can be delivered to a catalytic dewaxing step without any separation of sulfur and nitrogen contaminants. The integrated process includes an initial dewaxing of a feed under sour conditions, optional hydrocracking of the dewaxed feed, and a separation to form a first diesel product and a bottoms fraction. The bottoms fraction is then exposed to additional hydrocracking and dewaxing to form a second diesel product and optionally a lubricant base oil product. Alternatively, a feedstock can be hydrotreated, fractionated, dewaxed, and then hydrocracked to form a diesel fuel and a dewaxed, hydrocracked bottoms fraction that is optionally suitable for use as a lubricant base oil.