Abstract:
Provided are a data transmitting and receiving method for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system, and a transmitter and a receiver using the method. Accordingly, since precoding matrices of a codebook is constituted using a rotation matrix, expansion of the codebook is easy, and since each of the precoding matrices is determined according to the number of transmit antennas, the codebook is systematically created according to a system. In addition the codebook can be applied to even a correlated channel, and the minimum distance between precoding matrices can advantageously be maximized.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a flash memory device that may include forming a first oxide film pattern and a first polysilicon pattern on a semiconductor substrate; sequentially forming a dielectric film pattern and a second polysilicon pattern on the semiconductor substrate including the first oxide film pattern and the first polysilicon pattern; forming a second oxide film pattern on the second polysilicon pattern; forming a gate by etching to the semiconductor substrate using the second oxide film pattern as a mask, the gate including the first oxide film pattern, the first polysilicon pattern, the dielectric film pattern and the second polysilicon pattern; removing the second oxide film pattern; forming a spacer on sidewalls of the gate; and forming an interlayer dielectric film on the semiconductor substrate including the gate and the spacer.
Abstract:
Provided is a nano structure composite and a method of manufacturing the same. More specifically, a nano structure composite that includes a substrate, a first layer formed of carbon nano structures on the substrate, and a second layer formed of metal oxide nano structures on the first layer, and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. When the nano structure composite according to the present invention is used, a device having a field emission characteristic higher efficiency than a conventional device can be realized, and also, the device can be manufactured at a lower temperature and at a lower pressure. Thus, manufacturing cost can be reduced and a large scale process can be performed.
Abstract:
Cell gate patterns including first portions separated from each other with a first distance and second portions separated from each other with a second distance less than the first distance, and spacers are formed both sidewalls of the pair of cell gate patterns. The spacers formed on the sidewalls of the second portions are removed using a mask pattern. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent increase of an aspect ratio of a gap between the second portions with the small distance. Since the spacers formed on the sidewalls of the second portions separated from each other with the small distance are selectively removed, it is possible to minimize the increase of the aspect ratio of the gap between the second portions. Thus, it is possible to solve various problems which are caused due to occurrence of a void.
Abstract:
A method and system are provided for transmitting data in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. A receiver sets the number of sub-streams of each column of a preceding matrix with respect to all precoding matrices of channels formed between the receiver and a transmitter and measures channel states with respect to sub-stream combinations whose number is equivalent to the number of set sub-streams. The receiver transmits data according to channel states to the transmitter after measuring the channel states with respect to the sub-stream combinations and antenna combinations representing sub-streams used upon data transmission of all the precoding matrices.
Abstract:
A module for manufacturing a display device, a method for manufacturing the module, and a method for manufacturing a display device using the module, are provided. The module includes a solid substrate, a first flexible substrate, a second flexible substrate, and a third flexible substrate in one embodiment. The solid substrate has an upper surface and a lower surface facing to the upper surface. The first flexible substrate is on the upper surface of the solid substrate, and the second flexible substrate is on the first flexible substrate and has an opening to receive a flexible display substrate that has a display element. The third flexible substrate is on the lower surface of the solid substrate to prevent a bending of the solid substrate. Advantageously, a malfunction of pixels of the display element is decreased, and the module for manufacturing the display device may be recycled to decrease a manufacturing cost of the display device.
Abstract:
An array substrate for an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display devices includes: a substrate; a gate line and a data line on the substrate, the gate line crossing the data line to define a pixel region; a common line parallel to the gate line; a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; a plurality of common electrodes extending from the common line, and a plurality of pixel electrodes alternating with the plurality of common electrodes, wherein a gap distance is defined as a width of a block by the adjacent common and pixel electrode in the pixel region, and at least one gap distance is different from the other gap distances.
Abstract:
A thin film transistor array panel is provided, which includes a substrate, a plurality of gate line formed on the substrate, a plurality of common electrodes having a transparent conductive layer on the substrate, a gate insulating layer covering the gate lines and the common electrodes, a plurality of semiconductor layers formed on the gate insulating layer, a plurality of data lines including a plurality of source electrodes and formed on the semiconductor layer and the gate insulating layer, a plurality of drain electrodes formed on the semiconductor layer and the gate insulating layer, and a plurality of pixel electrodes overlapping the common electrodes and connected to the drain electrodes. Because the common electrodes are made of ITON, IZON, or a-ITON, or a double layer of ITO/ITON, IZO/IZON, or a-a-ITO/a-ITON, when H2 or SiH4 are injected to form a silicon nitride (SiNX) layer on the common electrodes, the opaque metal Sn or Zn in which the metal component is reduced in the IZO, ITO, or a-ITO is not produced on the surfaces of the common electrode.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a composition for promoting regeneration of hard tissues comprising an extract of Cortex Eucommiae. It can be applied to prevent and treat hard tissue disorders such as osteoporosis and periodontal disease followed by alveolar bone destruction. It can also be used to stimulate growth of children.
Abstract:
Cell gate patterns including first portions separated from each other with a first distance and second portions separated from each other with a second distance less than the first distance, and spacers are formed both sidewalls of the pair of cell gate patterns. The spacers formed on the sidewalls of the second portions are removed using a mask pattern. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent increase of an aspect ratio of a gap between the second portions with the small distance. Since the spacers formed on the sidewalls of the second portions separated from each other with the small distance are selectively removed, it is possible to minimize the increase of the aspect ratio of the gap between the second portions. Thus, it is possible to solve various problems which are caused due to occurrence of a void.