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    High resolution differential spectrometry system
    193.
    发明授权
    High resolution differential spectrometry system 失效
    高分辨率差分光谱仪系统

    公开(公告)号：US5706092A

    公开(公告)日：1998-01-06

    申请号：US786003

    申请日：1997-01-21

    Applicant: John E. Stannard ,  Cathy M. Peterson ,  Roger A. West ,  Geoffrey A. Walter

    Inventor： John E. Stannard ,  Cathy M. Peterson ,  Roger A. West ,  Geoffrey A. Walter

    IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01J3/51

    CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/457

    Abstract: A differential spectrometry system detects very narrow-band spectral features, while providing much higher optical transmittance and signal-to-noise ratios than prior optical-filter-based spectrometer systems. A plurality of light detectors (10a, 10b) detect light that falls within respective wide wavebands. The wide wavebands have overlapping and non-overlapping portions, one of which is the desired narrow waveband. The detector outputs are operated upon to produce an output signal (22) which includes substantially only the desired narrow waveband. In the preferred embodiment, the light detectors (10a, 10b) are implemented with a pair of optical detectors (30a, 30b) and respective optical interference filters (24a, 24b). The filters have substantially identical cut-off wavelengths (.lambda..sub.2) and cut-on wavelengths that are shifted by .DELTA..lambda. with respect to each other (.lambda..sub.1 and (.lambda..sub.1 +.DELTA..lambda.), respectively). The detector outputs are differenced with an operational amplifier (33), so that detector signals resulting from spectral features common to both detectors (30a, 30b) are canceled. The remaining signal (36) varies according to the amount of light that falls between wavelength boundaries �.lambda..sub.1 and (.lambda..sub.1 +.DELTA..lambda.)!. A preferred method of fabricating the optical interference filters (24a, 24b) is also provided.

    Abstract translation: 差分光谱系统检测非常窄带的光谱特征，同时提供比现有的基于光学滤光器的光谱仪系统更高的光透射率和信噪比。 多个光检测器（10a，10b）检测落入各个宽波段内的光。 宽波段具有重叠和不重叠的部分，其中一个是期望的窄波段。 操作检测器输出以产生输出信号（22），其基本上仅包括期望的窄波段。 在优选实施例中，光检测器（10a，10b）由一对光学检测器（30a，30b）和相应的光学干涉滤光器（24a，24b）来实现。 滤光器具有基本上相同的截止波长（λ2）和相对于彼此（λ1和（λ1+ΔTATAλ））偏移DELTAλ的截止波长。 检测器输出与运算放大器（33）不同，从而消除由两个检测器（30a，30b）共同的光谱特征产生的检测器信号。 剩余信号（36）根据波长边界（λ1和（λ1+ΔTATA））之间的光量而变化。 还提供了制造光学干涉滤光器（24a，24b）的优选方法。

    High resolution differential spectrometry system
    194.
    发明授权
    High resolution differential spectrometry system 失效
    高分辨率差分光谱仪系统

    公开(公告)号：US5624709A

    公开(公告)日：1997-04-29

    申请号：US480223

    申请日：1995-06-07

    Applicant: John E. Stannard ,  Cathy M. Peterson ,  Roger A. West ,  Geoffrey A. Walter

    Inventor： John E. Stannard ,  Cathy M. Peterson ,  Roger A. West ,  Geoffrey A. Walter

    IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/457 ,  B05D5/06

    CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/457

    Abstract: A differential spectrometry system detects very narrow-band spectral features, while providing much higher optical transmittance and signal-to-noise ratios than prior optical-filter-based spectrometer systems. A plurality of light detectors (10a, 10b) detect light that falls within respective wide wavebands. The wide wavebands have overlapping and non-overlapping portions, one of which is the desired narrow waveband. The detector outputs are operated upon to produce an output signal (22) which includes substantially only the desired narrow waveband. In the preferred embodiment, the light detectors (10a, 10b) are implemented with a pair of optical detectors (30a, 30b) and respective optical interference filters (24a, 24b). The filters have substantially identical cut-off wavelengths (.lambda..sub.2) and cut-on wavelengths that are shifted by .DELTA..lambda. with respect to each other (.lambda..sub.1 and (.lambda..sub.1 +.DELTA..lambda.), respectively). The detector outputs are differenced with an operational amplifier (33), so that detector signals resulting from spectral features common to both detectors (30a, 30b) are canceled. The remaining signal (36) varies according to the amount of light that falls between wavelength boundaries [.lambda..sub.1 and (.lambda..sub.1 +.DELTA..lambda.)]. A preferred method of fabricating the optical interference filters (24a, 24b) is also provided.

    Abstract translation: 差分光谱系统检测非常窄带的光谱特征，同时提供比现有的基于光学滤光器的光谱仪系统更高的光透射率和信噪比。 多个光检测器（10a，10b）检测落入各个宽波段内的光。 宽波段具有重叠和不重叠的部分，其中一个是期望的窄波段。 操作检测器输出以产生输出信号（22），其基本上仅包括期望的窄波段。 在优选实施例中，光检测器（10a，10b）由一对光学检测器（30a，30b）和相应的光学干涉滤光器（24a，24b）来实现。 滤光器具有基本上相同的截止波长（λ2）和相对于彼此（λ1和（λ1+ΔTATAλ））偏移DELTAλ的截止波长。 检测器输出与运算放大器（33）不同，从而消除由两个检测器（30a，30b）共同的光谱特征产生的检测器信号。 剩余信号（36）根据波长边界（λ1和（λ1+ΔTATA））之间的光量而变化。 还提供了制造光学干涉滤光器（24a，24b）的优选方法。

    Non-invasive near infrared measurement of blood analyte concentrations
    195.
    发明授权
    Non-invasive near infrared measurement of blood analyte concentrations 失效
    非侵入性近红外测量血液分析物浓度

    公开(公告)号：US4882492A

    公开(公告)日：1989-11-21

    申请号：US145459

    申请日：1988-01-19

    Applicant: Kenneth J. Schlager

    Inventor： Kenneth J. Schlager

    IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N33/48

    CPC classification number: A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N33/48

    Abstract: A non-invasive apparatus and related method for measuring the concentration of glucose or other blood analytes utilizes both diffuse reflected and transmissive infrared absorption measurements and may be applied to either in vitro or in vivo sampling. The apparatus and method utilize non-dispersive correlation spectrometry and apply it to liquid blood serum analysis. Spectrally-modified near infrared light from the sample containing the analyte is split into two beams, one of which is directed through a negative correlation filter which blocks light in the absorption bands for the analyte to be measured, and the other of which is directed through a neutral density filter capable of blocking light equally at all wavelengths in the range of interest. Differencing the light intensity between the two light paths provides a measure proportional to analyte concentration.

    Abstract translation: 用于测量葡萄糖或其他血液分析物的浓度的非侵入性装置和相关方法利用漫反射和透射红外吸收测量，并且可以应用于体外或体内取样。 该仪器和方法采用非色散相关光谱法，并将其应用于液体血清分析。 来自含有分析物的样品的光谱修正的近红外光被分成两束，其中一束被引导通过负相关滤光器，该负相关滤光器阻挡待测分析物的吸收带中的光，另一个被引导通过 能够在感兴趣的范围内的所有波长上均匀地阻挡光的中性密度滤光片。 区分两个光路之间的光强度提供了与分析物浓度成比例的测量。

    Monitoring gas and vapor concentrations
    196.
    发明授权
    Monitoring gas and vapor concentrations 失效
    监测气体和蒸气浓度

    公开(公告)号：US4563585A

    公开(公告)日：1986-01-07

    申请号：US422478

    申请日：1982-09-23

    Applicant: T. Victor Ward

    Inventor： T. Victor Ward

    IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01J1/42

    CPC classification number: G01J3/457 ,  G01J2003/2866

    Abstract: In the monitoring of gas or vapor concentrations in a gas sample by comparing the transmission of light through the sample at different wavelengths corresponding to behaviorial maxima and minima of the gas, the different wavelengths are selected by permitting light to fall alternately on different sets of slits in an entrance mask of a spectroscope so that light diffracted by a grating in the spectroscope at the wavelengths represented by the slits in the two sets will fall on an exit slit in an exit mask of the spectroscope and thence pass to a photodetector. This arrangement enables the shift between the different sets of wavelengths to be achieved without introducing mechanical jitter, since the photodetector output may be electronically gated so as to be measured only for predetermined periods when light is passing first through one and then through the other set of slits.

    Abstract translation: 在通过比较对应于气体的行为最大值和最小值的不同波长的不同波长的透射光的透射来监测气体样品中的气体或蒸汽浓度时，通过允许光在不同组的狭缝上交替地下降来选择不同的波长 在分光镜的入射掩模中，使得由两组中的狭缝表示的波长在光谱仪中由光栅衍射的光将落在分光器的出射掩模中的出射狭缝上，然后传递到光电检测器。 这种布置使得能够实现不同波长组之间的偏移而不引入机械抖动，因为光电检测器输出可以电子门控，以便仅在光首先通过一个然后通过另一组 狭缝

    Josef pep schock
    197.
    再颁专利
    Josef pep schock 失效

    公开(公告)号：USRE28216E

    公开(公告)日：1974-10-29

    申请号：US22145572

    申请日：1972-01-27

    IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/457

    CPC classification number: G01J3/457 ,  G01J2003/2866

    Abstract: 1. IN A SPECTROMETER HAVING AN ENTRANCE SLIT, MEANS FOR DISPERSING LIGHT PASSING THROUGH THE ENTRANCE SLIT TO RESOLVE THE CHARACTERISTIC SPECTRA OF A PARTICULAR SUBSTANCE WHEN THE CHARACTERISTIC SPECTRA ARE PRESENT IN THE LIGHT, THE DISPERSING MEANS INCLUDING FOUCSSING MEANS MEANS FOR PRODUCING A SET OF IMAGES OF THE ENTRACE SLIT CORRESPONDING TO SAID CHARACTERISTIC SPECTRA, THE SLIT IMAGES BEING DISPERSED IN A GIVEN DIRECTION OF DISPERSION AND BEING FORMED IN A FOCAL PLANE, MASK MEANS HAVING A PLURALITY OF RELATIVELY OPAQUE AND TRANSPARENT REGIONS, SAID REGIONS BEING CORRELATIVE WITH THE SET OF SLIT IMAGES CORRESPONDING TO THE CHARACTERISTIC SPECTRA OF A PARTICULAR SUBSTANCE, THE MASK MEANS BEING LOCATED IN SAID FACAL PLANE, AND A PHOTODETECTOR POSITIONED FOR RECEIVING LIGHT WHICH HAS PASSED THROUGH THE MASK MEANS, THE PHOTODETECTOR PRODUCING AN OUTPUT SIGNAL PROPORTIONAL TO THE INTENSITY OF THE LIGHT SHINING UPON, IT THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING: (A) MEANS FOR CYCLICALLY VARYING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE SLIT IMAGES AND THE MASK MEANS AT A RAPID AND CONSTANT RATE OF REPETITION BETWEEN A FIRST POSITION WHEREIN THE SLIT IMAGES CORRELATE WITH SAID REGIONS OF THE MASK MEANS AND A SECOND POSITION WHEREIN THERE IS A SLIGHT RELATIVE DISPLACEMENT, IN THE SAID DIRECTION OF DISPERSION, BETWEEN THE SLIT IMAGES AND CORRESPONDING CORRELATIVE REGIONS OF THE MAKS MEANS, WHEREBY THE INTENSITY OF THE LIGHT PASSING THROUGH THE MASK MEANS IN CYCLICALLY VARIED

    FROM A MAXIMUM IN SAID FIRST POSITION TO A MINIMUM IN SAID SECOND POSITION IN RESPONSE TO THE VARYING RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE SLIT IMAGES AND THE MASK MEANS WHEN THE CHARACTERISTIC SPECTRA ARE PRESENT IN THE LIGHT, SO THAT SAID OUTPUT SIGNAL OF SAID PHOTODECTOR IS THEREBY MODULATED BY AN ALTERNATING CURRENT SIGNAL ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE EXISTENCE OF THE SAID CHARACTERISTIC SPECTRA IN THE LIGHT, (B) MEANS COUPLED TO THE PHOTODECTRO FOR AMPLIFYING THE SAID ALTERNATING CURRENT SIGNAL SEPARATELY FROM OTHER COMPONENTS OF THE SAID OUTPUT SIGNAL, AND (C) MEANS COUPLED TO SAID AMPLIFYING MEANS FOR MEASURING THE LEVEL OF THE AMPLIFIED ALTERNATING CURRENT SIGNAL INDEPENDENTLY OF OTHER COMPONENTS IN THE OUTPUT SIGNAL.

    Solar-stimulated fluorescent radiation detection method and apparatus
    198.
    发明授权
    Solar-stimulated fluorescent radiation detection method and apparatus 失效
    太阳激光荧光检测方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US3641344A

    公开(公告)日：1972-02-08

    申请号：US3641344D

    申请日：1969-04-01

    Applicant: PERKIN ELMER CORP

    Inventor： MARKLE DAVID A

    IPC: G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/34

    CPC classification number: G01J3/457 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01N21/6456 ,  G01N2021/1793 ,  G01N2201/0616

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the presence, location and relative concentration of certain fluorescent materials in a scene that is illuminated by sunlight. The particular fluorescent materials are characterized in that they fluoresce at wavelengths coincident with one or more Fraunhofer absorption bands. Two images are formed from light collected from the scene. One of the images consists mainly of light from the scene having a spectral band-pass inside a Fraunhofer absorption band and the other image consists mainly of light from the scene having a spectral bandpass in the continuum near the same Fraunhofer absorption band. The two images are normalized so that intensities on corresponding portions of each image due to reflected solar radiation are equal. The ''''continuum'''' image is then subtracted from the ''''Fraunhofer'''' image. The resulting difference image consists primarily of fluorescent radiation derived from the fluorescent materials or objects in the scene and provides a direct visual indication of their presence, location and relative concentration.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于确定由阳光照射的场景中某些荧光材料的存在，位置和相对浓度的方法和装置。 特定的荧光材料的特征在于它们在与一个或多个Fraunhofer吸收带一致的波长处发荧光。 从场景收集的光形成两个图像。 其中一幅图像主要由来自Fraunhofer吸收带内具有光谱带通的场景的光组成，另一幅图像主要由来自相同弗劳恩霍夫吸收带附近的连续谱中具有光谱带通的场景的光组成。 两个图像被归一化，使得由于反射的太阳辐射引起的每个图像的对应部分上的强度相等。 然后从“Fraunhofer”图像中减去“连续体”图像。 所得到的差异图像主要由来自场景中的荧光材料或物体的荧光辐射组成，并提供其存在，位置和相对浓度的直接视觉指示。

    Spectrometer
    199.
    发明授权
    Spectrometer 失效

    公开(公告)号：US3594083A

    公开(公告)日：1971-07-20

    申请号：US3594083D

    申请日：1969-07-07

    Applicant: BARRINGER RESEARCH LTD

    Inventor： BARRINGER ANTHONY RENE

    IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/457 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/06

    CPC classification number: G01J3/457 ,  G01J2003/2866

    Abstract: A scanning spectrometer having means for scanning entrance slit images across an exit slit. A predetermined spectrum is recorded photographically or magnetically, and means synchronized with the scanning means is provided for obtaining correlation signals from the recorded spectrum. The correlation signals are precisely synchronized with the scanning means, and are used for correlation with the light passing through the exit slit.

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