公开(公告)号：US5715056A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-03

申请号：US667205

申请日：1996-06-20

Applicant: Shuji Urabe ,  Takeo Tanaami

Inventor： Shuji Urabe ,  Takeo Tanaami

IPC: G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/453

Abstract: A high S/N Fourier transform spectrometer with low A/D converter noise, comprising a light receiving device; a low gain channel and a high gain channel which convert to and retain as digital signals the output from the light receiving device; and a computation control unit which determines a correlation equation between the low gain and high gain channels and substitutes the low gain channel output converted using the correlation equation for the saturated portion of the high gain channel output.

Abstract translation: 具有低A / D转换器噪声的高S / N傅里叶变换光谱仪，包括光接收装置; 低增益通道和高增益通道，其转换并保持为来自光接收装置的输出的数字信号; 以及计算控制单元，其确定低增益和高增益通道之间的相关方程，并将用相关方程转换的低增益通道替换为高增益通道输出的饱和部分。

公开(公告)号：US5638281A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-10

申请号：US492895

申请日：1995-06-20

Applicant: C. David Wang

Inventor： C. David Wang

IPC: G01S13/66 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01S7/02 ,  G01S7/288 ,  G01S7/292 ,  G01S7/41 ,  G01S13/24 ,  G01S13/34 ,  G01S13/72 ,  G01S13/93 ,  G01S15/58 ,  G01S17/95 ,  G06N3/04 ,  G01S13/60 ,  G06F19/00

CPC classification number: G01S13/931 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01S13/726 ,  G01S17/95 ,  G01S7/021 ,  G01S7/417 ,  G06N3/0472 ,  G06N3/049 ,  G01S13/24 ,  G01S13/348 ,  G01S2007/2883 ,  G01S2013/9375 ,  G01S2013/9378 ,  G01S2013/9385 ,  G01S7/2921 ,  Y10S706/905

Abstract: A device for target prediction and collision warning for tracking objects in a region proximate to a vehicle includes a signal transmitter which provides first and second detection signals for at least partial reflection by an object located in a spatial region. The device further includes a signal receiver for receiving the deflected first and second detection signals corresponding to first and second parameter signals. A Fourier transform circuit is provided for receiving the first and second object parameter signals and generating first and second Fourier transform object parameter signals corresponding to relative range and velocity data of a target being tracked. The device includes a probabilistic neural network which preferably sorts the first and second Fourier transform object parameter signals corresponding to the relative range and velocity of a target being tracked. Operatively coupled to the probabilistic neural network is a target tracker circuit which receives the sorted first and second Fourier transform object parameter signals after at least three samples of relative range and velocity data have been measured. The target tracker generates an output signal indicative of a prediction of regression parameters of a second order or higher order equation that characterizes the change in relative range and velocity of the target being tracked.

Abstract translation: 用于在靠近车辆的区域中跟踪物体的用于目标预测和碰撞警告的装置包括：信号发射器，其通过位于空间区域中的物体进行至少部分反射的第一和第二检测信号。 该装置还包括用于接收对应于第一和第二参数信号的偏转的第一和第二检测信号的信号接收器。 提供傅立叶变换电路，用于接收第一和第二对象参数信号，并产生与所跟踪的目标的相对范围和速度数据对应的第一和第二傅立叶变换对象参数信号。 该装置包括概率神经网络，其优选地对应于被跟踪的目标的相对范围和速度对第一和第二傅里叶变换对象参数信号进行排序。 可操作地耦合到概率神经网络是目标跟踪器电路，其在已经测量了相对范围和速度数据的至少三个样本之后接收分选的第一和第二傅立叶变换对象参数信号。 目标跟踪器产生指示表征正被跟踪的目标的相对范围和速度的变化的二阶或更高阶方程的回归参数的预测的输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US5563982A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-08

申请号：US154732

申请日：1993-11-19

Applicant: C. David Wang ,  James Thompson ,  William T. Walter

Inventor： C. David Wang ,  James Thompson ,  William T. Walter

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01S7/02 ,  G01S7/288 ,  G01S7/41 ,  G01S13/24 ,  G01S13/34 ,  G01S13/72 ,  G01S13/93 ,  G01S17/95 ,  G06N3/04 ,  G06E1/00 ,  G06E3/00

CPC classification number: G01S7/021 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01S13/931 ,  G01S17/95 ,  G01S7/417 ,  G06K9/6273 ,  G06N3/0472 ,  G06N3/049 ,  G01S13/24 ,  G01S13/348 ,  G01S13/726 ,  G01S2007/2883

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting molecular vapors in an atmospheric region includes an interferometer which monitors light parameter data signals received and provides an interferometer light parameter signal corresponding to the light parameter data signals at a plurality of frequencies. The apparatus further includes an interferogram detector/converter which records and digitizes the interferometer light parameter signal to generate a plurality of discrete data points wherein each discrete data point corresponds to the interferometer light parameter signal at a specific frequency. The apparatus also includes a Fourier transform circuit for receiving the discrete interferometer light parameter signal and providing a Fourier transformed molecular parameter data signal. The apparatus further includes a probabilistic neural network for receiving and sorting the Fourier transformed molecular parameter data signals without the use of a priori training data.

公开(公告)号：US5539517A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US392019

申请日：1995-02-21

Applicant: Dario Cabib ,  Zvi Friedman ,  Stephen G. Lipson ,  Robert A. Buckwald

Inventor： Dario Cabib ,  Zvi Friedman ,  Stephen G. Lipson ,  Robert A. Buckwald

IPC: C12Q1/68 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/76 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/6456 ,  C12Q1/6883 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/1256 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G06K9/76 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01N2021/6423

Abstract: A method of analyzing an optical image of a scene to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel of the scene, which includes collecting incident light from the scene; (b) passing the light through an interferometer which outputs modulated light corresponding to a predetermined set of linear combinations of the spectral intensity of the light emitted from each pixel; focusing the light outputted from the interferometer on a detector array; and processing the output of the detector array to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof. If the interferometer is of the moving type scanning in one dimension is required where the detector array is one dimensional, and no scanning when the detector array is two-dimensional. If the interferometer is of the non-moving type scanning is required in one dimension when the detector array is two-dimensional, and in two dimensions when the detector array is one-dimensional.

Abstract translation: 一种分析场景的光学图像以确定场景的每个像素的光谱强度的方法，其包括从场景收集入射光; （b）使光通过干涉仪，该干涉仪输出对应于从每个像素发射的光的光谱强度的预定的一组线性组合的调制光; 将从干涉仪输出的光聚焦在检测器阵列上; 以及处理检测器阵列的输出以确定其每个像素的光谱强度。 如果在检测器阵列是一维的情况下需要扫描一维的干涉仪，而检测器阵列是二维的则不需要扫描。 如果当检测器阵列是二维的时，如果干涉仪是一个维度中的非移动型扫描，并且当检测器阵列是一维的时在二维中。

公开(公告)号：US5491551A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-13

申请号：US20523

申请日：1993-02-22

Applicant: David R. Mattson

Inventor： David R. Mattson

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01B9/08

CPC classification number: G01J3/453

Abstract: A Fourier-transform (FT) infrared (IR) spectrometer includes a Michelson interferometer without an IR beam compensator. An input IR beam is directed through a substrate and a beamsplitter attached to the substrate for support, with the input IR beam divided by the beamsplitter into a first beam portion incident upon a fixed retroreflector and a second beam portion incident upon a movable retroreflector. The first and second beam portions are then recombined to provide an uncompensated output IR beam with an interference pattern which is directed onto a sample to provide an uncompensated interferogram. The uncompensated interferogram is converted from a time domain to a frequency domain via a Fourier-transform to provide a complex intermediate spectrum, followed by a calculation of a corrected phase angle in terms of wavenumber arising from the substrate's optical thickness. The complex intermediate spectrum is then rotated by a negative of the corrected phase angle. An inverse Fourier-transform is used to form a corrected real compensated intermediate interferogram. The corrected real compensated intermediate interferogram is then Fourier-transformed into a spectrum using a conventional approach to remove asymmetric noise and correct for small phase errors.

Abstract translation: 傅里叶变换（FT）红外（IR）光谱仪包括没有IR光束补偿器的迈克尔逊干涉仪。 输入IR光束被引导通过衬底和附接到衬底的分束器用于支撑，其中输入IR光束被分束器分成入射到固定后向反射器上的第一光束部分和入射到可移动后向反射器上的第二光束部分。 然后将第一和第二光束部分重新组合以提供具有干涉图案的未补偿的输出IR光束，该干涉图案被引导到样本上以提供无补偿的干涉图。 未经补偿的干涉图经由傅里叶变换从时域转换为频域，以提供复杂的中间光谱，随后以基板的光学厚度产生的波数计算校正的相位角。 然后将复杂的中间光谱旋转校正相位角的负值。 逆傅立叶变换用于形成经校正的实际补偿的中间干涉图。 然后使用常规的方法将经校正的实际补偿中间干涉图进行傅立叶变换为频谱，以去除不对称噪声并校正小相位误差。

公开(公告)号：US5400265A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-21

申请号：US81365

申请日：1993-06-30

Applicant: Jyrki Kauppinen

Inventor： Jyrki Kauppinen

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01R33/56 ,  G06F17/15 ,  G06J3/45 ,  G01R23/16

CPC classification number: G06F17/141 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01R33/56

Abstract: A procedure for enhancing the resolution of spectral data, in which the Fourier self-deconvolution method FSD is used to produce from the input spectrum a data set in an interval 0-L.sub.t, the maximum entropy method MEM is used to compute prediction error filter coefficients {a.sub.k } from this data, and by the linear prediction method LP, using coefficients {a.sub.k } and data points 0 to M. Data are predicted in the interferogram I(x) beyond L.sub.t, whereby output spectrum maximum line narrowing with minimum distortion is achieved.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / FI92 / 00044 Sec。 371日期：1993年6月30日 102（e）日期1993年6月30日PCT提交1992年2月17日PCT公布。 出版物WO92 / 14997 日期：1992年9月3日。一种用于增强频谱数据分辨率的程序，其中傅里叶自解卷积方法FSD用于从输入频谱产生一个间隔为0-Lt的数据集，最大熵方法MEM为 用于从该数据计算预测误差滤波器系数{ak}，并使用线性预测方法LP，使用系数{ak}和数据点0至M.在超过Lt的干涉图I（x）中预测数据，由此输出频谱 实现了具有最小失真的最大线窄。

公开(公告)号：US5341207A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-23

申请号：US926618

申请日：1992-08-10

Applicant: Volker Tank ,  Peter Haschberger ,  Burkhard Jansen

Inventor： Volker Tank ,  Peter Haschberger ,  Burkhard Jansen

IPC: G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: In each arm of a Michelson interferometer (IF) a retroreflector (110; 110') having its aperture plane aligned perpendicularly to the optical axis is mounted on a respective holder (106; 106') which in turn is rigidly connected to one end of a shaft (105; 105') rotatably mounted in a connecting member (103; 103'). To the other end of the shaft (105; 105') a first gear (107.sub.1 ; 107.sub.1 ') is secured which is coupled via a toothed belt (909; 109') to an identically configured second gear (107.sub.2 ; 107.sub.2 ') which concentrically to a drive shaft (102; 102') of an electric motor (101; 101') is rigidly connected to the housing (1010; 1010') thereof. At a predetermined distance from the shaft (105; 105') the drive shaft (102; 102') is fixedly connected to the connecting member (103; 103') so that on rotation of the motor drive shafts (102; 102') the length of the optical paths is shortened in one interferometer arm and lengthened synchronously therewith in the other interferometer arm, or vice versa. Furthermore, the aperture planes of the two retroreflectors (110, 110') always remain unchanged aligned perpendicularly to the optical axis (FIG. 2 ).

Abstract translation: 在迈克尔逊干涉仪（IF）的每个臂中，具有其垂直于光轴对准的孔径平面的后向反射器（110; 110'）安装在相应的保持器（106; 106'）上，该保持器又与 可旋转地安装在连接构件（103; 103'）中的轴（105; 105'）。 固定在轴（105; 105'）的另一端，第一齿轮（1071; 1071'）经由齿形带（909; 109'）连接到相同配置的第二齿轮（1072; 1072'）上， 与电动机（101; 101'）的驱动轴（102; 102'）同心地刚性连接到其壳体（1010; 1010'）。 在与轴（105; 105'）预定的距离处，驱动轴（102; 102'）固定地连接到连接构件（103; 103'），使得在马达驱动轴（102; 102'）的旋转时， 在另一个干涉仪臂中，一个干涉仪臂中的光路的长度被缩短并与其同步地延长，反之亦然。 此外，两个后向反射器（110,110'）的孔径平面保持不变地垂直于光轴对齐（图2）。

公开(公告)号：US5239488A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-24

申请号：US512422

申请日：1990-04-23

Applicant: James R. Markham ,  Philip W. Morrison, Jr. ,  Peter R. Solomon ,  Philip E. Best

Inventor： James R. Markham ,  Philip W. Morrison, Jr. ,  Peter R. Solomon ,  Philip E. Best

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01J5/00

CPC classification number: G01J5/0003 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: The apparatus and method permit simultaneous and precise determination of the temperature and spectral emittance, over a wide spectral region, of a hot sample. Radiance, and hemispherical reflectance and transmittance measurements are employed, and FT-IR technology is advantageously applied. Reflectance and (where necessary) transmittance measurements are utilized to determine the fraction of incident radiation, of selected wavelength, that is absorbed by the sample, in turn establishing a spectral emittance value. Taken with the measured radiance at the same wavelength, the spectral emittance value will provide a quantity that can be matched with the spectral radiance of a theoretical black body, again at the selected wavelength, to thereby derive the temperature of the hot sample; this in turn enables determination of the spectral emittance of the sample over a desired spectral range.

Abstract translation: 该装置和方法允许在热样品的宽光谱区域上同时且精确地确定温度和光谱发射率。 采用辐射度和半球形反射率和透射率测量，有利地应用FT-IR技术。 利用透射率测量和（如果需要）透射率测量来确定由样品吸收的所选波长的入射辐射的分数，从而建立光谱发射值。 采用相同波长的测量辐射度，光谱发射值将提供可以与理想黑体的光谱辐射度相匹配的量，再次以选定的波长，从而导出热样品的温度; 这又使得能够在期望的光谱范围内确定样品的光谱发射率。

公开(公告)号：US5239361A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-24

申请号：US782611

申请日：1991-10-25

Applicant: Robert V. Burch

Inventor： Robert V. Burch

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G02B7/182

CPC classification number: G02B7/1828 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: An interferometer mirror such as may be used in an FTIR spectrometer is mounted to a mirror alignment device which allows alignment of the mirror during operation of the interferometer. The alignment device includes a base, a mirror support to which the mirror is mounted, and means for mounting the mirror support to the base to allow resilient pivoting of the mirror about an initial position around two orthogonal axes when force is applied to the mirror support. Two drive coils of square configuration are mounted around the periphery of the mirror support. Each drive coil has lower coil sections along two opposite quadrants and higher coil sections, with the two drive coils being mounted to the mirror supports so that the lower sections of each are in adjacent quadrants. A magnetic field, such as that provided by permanent magnets, is applied to the lower sections of each coil while the upper sections of each coil are outside the magnetic field. When current is supplied in one direction to a drive coil, the current interacts with the magnetic field passing through the lower sections of the coil to tilt the mirror support about one axis of rotation in one direction, whereas current supplied to the coil in the opposite direction will tilt the magnet support in the opposite direction about the axis. In this manner, current can be supplied to the two coils as necessary to hold the mirror support and thus the mirror attached to it in a desired orientation.

Abstract translation: 可以在FTIR光谱仪中使用诸如可以使用的干涉仪镜子安装到反射镜对准装置，其允许在干涉仪的操作期间对准反射镜。 对准装置包括基座，安装有反射镜的反射镜支撑件，以及用于将反射镜支撑件安装到基座的装置，以便当力施加到反射镜支撑件上时允许反射镜围绕两个正交轴线的初始位置的弹性枢转 。 两个方形结构的驱动线圈安装在反射镜支架的周边周围。 每个驱动线圈具有沿着两个相对的象限和较高的线圈部分的下部线圈部分，其中两个驱动线圈安装到镜子支撑件，使得它们的下部分在相邻的象限中。 诸如由永久磁铁提供的磁场被施加到每个线圈的下部，而每个线圈的上部在磁场外。 当电流沿一个方向提供给驱动线圈时，电流与穿过线圈的下部的磁场相互作用，以使反射镜支撑件在一个方向上绕一个旋转轴线倾斜，而在相反的方向上提供给线圈的电流 方向将使磁体支架沿轴线相反的方向倾斜。 以这种方式，可以根据需要将电流提供给两个线圈，以保持镜支撑件并因此将镜子以期望的方向附接到其上。

公开(公告)号：US5225678A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-06

申请号：US792195

申请日：1991-11-13

Applicant: Robert G. Messerschmidt

Inventor： Robert G. Messerschmidt

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G02B21/04

CPC classification number: G02B21/04 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N2021/1738 ,  G01N2021/558 ,  G01N21/35

Abstract: A microscope accessory uses symmetrical pairs of identical parabolic mirrors as an imaging optic to map a specimen plane with a remote focus. A mask at the remote focus defines at least one measuring area for making spectroscopic measurements while a separate viewing system simultaneously provides a wide field of view of the sample at higher magnification. The sample aperture, defines as 2T sterradians of solid angle surrounding each side of the specimen plane, is multiplexed between and among different functions--such as spectroscopic measurements and visual observations. The high numerical aperture possible using identical symmetrical aberration canceling (ISAC) optics facilitates the aperture multiplexing which has particular advantage in making reflectance measurements without any need for a significant loss of throughput efficiency.

Abstract translation: 显微镜附件使用对称的相同的抛物面反射镜作为成像光学元件来将样品平面与远焦点对准。 在远程焦点处的掩模限定了用于进行光谱测量的至少一个测量区域，而单独的观察系统同时在较高放大倍数下提供样品的宽视场。 样品孔径定义为围绕样品平面两边的立体角的2T立体角，在不同的功能之间进行复用，例如光谱测量和视觉观察。 使用相同的对称像差消除（ISAC）光学可能的高数值孔径有助于孔径复用，这在进行反射测量时具有特别的优点，而不需要显着的吞吐效率损失。