Abstract:
A method and composition for a freeze-protected, stabilized polymer drag reducing agent suspension comprises a combination of a drag reducing agent polymer and an aqueous carrier. The carrier comprises a dissolved alcohol, glycol, diol, or glycol ether and a dissolved polysaccharide. The resulting suspension is relatively stable against settling, separation and agglomeration.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an emulsified water in oil composition using a novel additive surfactant package containing a PIBSA-derived surfactant with a molecular weight in the ranged about 300 to 3000 and in the range of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the composition and an alkylamine ethoxylated surfactant in the range of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the composition.
Abstract:
The invention relates to new synthesis techniques to form emulsifiers of low color from maleic anhydride and polymers of isobutylene. These emulsifiers satisfy a need for a low color component with a long oil compatible hydrophobic tail and a short hydrophilic moiety.
Abstract:
Oleophilic polyoxyalkylene monoethers having reduced water affinity are disclosed. The monoethers have a hydrocarbyl residue, a polyoxyalkylene moiety, and a hydroxyl end group. The monoethers contain less than about 6 mole percent of alkoxylated unsaturates, and preferably less than about 5 mole percent of polyoxyalkylene diols. The monoethers offer substantial advantages for fuel compositions, particularly reduced water affinity. By using deposit-control additives based on the monoethers, formulators can offer better fuels for cleaner engines.
Abstract:
The invention provides a fuel oil composition comprising a major proportion of liquid hydrocarbon middle distillate fuel oil having a sulphur concentration of at most 0.05% by weight, and a minor proportion of a dispersant additive obtained by reacting, in a molar ratio A:B in the range 4:3 to 1:10, (A) a polyalkenyl derivative of monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C10 dicarboxylic acid material in which the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polyalkenyl chain is in the range from 850 to 1150 with (B) a polyamine of general formula H2N(CH2)m—[NH(CH2)m]n—NH2 (1) where m is in the range from 2 to 4 and n is in the range from 1 to 6; a process for the preparation of such a fuel composition, and a method of operation a compression-ignition engine with enhance injector cleanliness using such a fuel oil composition.
Abstract:
A method for controlling engine deposits in a direct injection spark ignition gasoline engine which comprises operating the engine with a fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range and an effective deposit-controlling amount of a fuel additive composition comprising: (a) an aromatic ester compound of the formula: or a fuel soluble salt thereof, wherein R is hydroxy, nitro or —(CH2)x—NR5R6, wherein R5 and R6 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is 0 or 1; R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro or —NR7R8, wherein R7 and R8 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and R4 is a polyalkyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of about 450 to 5,000; and (b) a poly(oxyalkylene) amine having at least one basic nitrogen atom and a sufficient number of oxyalkylene units to render the poly(oxyalkylene) amine soluble in hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range.
Abstract translation:一种用于控制直喷式火花点火汽油发动机中的发动机沉积物的方法,其包括用包含在汽油范围内沸腾的主要量的烃的燃料组合物和有效的沉积物控制量的燃料添加剂组合物来操作发动机,所述燃料组合物包含:(a )下式的芳族酯化合物或其燃料可溶性盐,其中R是羟基,硝基或 - (CH 2)x -NR 5 R 6,其中R 5和R 6独立地是氢或具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基,x是 0或1; R 1是氢,羟基,硝基或-NR 7 R 8,其中R 7和R 8独立地是氢或具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基; R2和R3独立地是氢或具有1-6个碳原子的低级烷基; 并且R 4是平均分子量在约450至5,000范围内的聚烷基; 和(b)具有至少一个碱性氮原子和足够数量的氧化烯单元的聚(氧化烯)胺,以使聚(氧化烯)胺可溶于在汽油范围内沸腾的烃。
Abstract:
Polymers (including copolymers) derived from one or more olefins, such including ethylene and C3-C20 &agr;-olefins such as propylene and 1-butene, which polymers have (a) an average ethylene sequence length, ESL, of from, about 1.0 to less than about 3.0; (b) an average of at least 5 branches per 100 carbon atoms of the polymer chains comprising the polymer; (c) at least about 50% of said branches being methyl and/or ethyl branches; (d) at least about 30% of said polymer chains terminated with a vinyl or vinylene group; (e) a number average molecular weight, Mn, of from about 300 to about 15,000 when the polymer is intended for dispersant or wax crystal modifier uses and up to about 500,000 where intended for viscosity modifier uses; and (f) substantial solubility in hydrocarbon and/or synthetic base oil. The polymers are produced using late-transition-metal catalyst systems and, preferably, inexpensive, highly dilute refinery or steam cracker feed streams that have undergone only limited clean-up steps. Fuel and lubricating oil additives, particularly dispersants, wax crystal modifiers and flow improvers, are produced. Where functionalization and derivatization of these polymers is required for such additives it is facilitated by the olefinic structures available in the polymer chains.
Abstract:
This invention provides a fuel oil composition comprising a major amount of a fuel oil and a minor amount of an additive comprising at least one fuel oil-soluble alkyl or alkoxy aromatic compound wherein at last one group independently selected from alkyl and alkoxy groups of 1 to 30 carbon atoms is attached to an aromatic nucleus and at least one carboxyl group and optionally one or two hydroxyl groups are attached to the aromatic nucleus; a process for the preparation of such a fuel oil composition; and the use of such a fuel oil composition as fuel in a compression-ignition engine for controlling wear rate in the fuel injection system thereof.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to diesel fuel and lubrication oil defoaming agents, and crude oil demulsifiers, as well as methods for using same. In particular, the defoaming agents and demulsifiers are comprised of copolymers which have structures constituting a backbone of polysiloxane onto which is grafted an organic group. These structures comprise a polymer of the formula MDxD′yD″zM, where M is O0.5Si(CH3)3, D is a OSi(CH3)2, D′ is OSi(CH3)R, D′ is OSi(CH3)R′, R is a polyhydric C6-C28 organic group, R′ is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers, z is between 0 and 80, x+y+z is between 10-200, x/z is ≧1, and x/(y+z) is between about 1 and about 5, or formula M′DaM′ where M′ is O0.5Si(CH3)2R, a is between 4-10, and R and D are the same as defined above.
Abstract translation:本发明涉及柴油燃料和润滑油消泡剂以及原油破乳剂,以及其使用方法。 特别地,消泡剂和破乳剂由具有构成聚硅氧烷主链的结构的共聚物构成,其上接枝有机基团。 这些结构包括式MDxD'yD''zM的聚合物,其中M为O0.5Si(CH3)3,D为OSi(CH3)2,D'为OSi(CH3)R,D'为OSi(CH3 )R',R是多元C6-C28有机基团,R'是苯酚衍生物或长链脂族基团或聚醚,z在0和80之间,x + y + z在10-200之间,x / z = 1,x /(y + z)在约1至约5之间,或式M'DaM',其中M'为O0.5Si(CH3)2R,a为4-10,R和D 与上述相同。
Abstract:
A branched polyolefin additive for use in fuel and/or lubricating oil in the form of a comb, star, nanogel and structural combinations thereof in which a plurity of polyolefin arms are attached to a backbone having repeating units containing aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, heteroatom-containing groups and combinations thereof, to provide a branched polymeric additive in which the properties of the additive can be conveniently tailored to a single or multi-functional performance criteria of a fuel and/or lubricating oil composition.