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公开(公告)号：US11860458B2
公开(公告)日：2024-01-02
申请号：US17216272
申请日：2021-03-29
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Christopher Louis Panuski , Dirk Robert Englund
CPC classification number: G02F1/025 , G02F2202/32 , G02F2203/12 , G02F2203/15
Abstract: A spatial light modulator (SLM) comprised of a 2D array of optically-controlled semiconductor nanocavities can have a fast modulation rate, small pixel pitch, low pixel tuning energy, and millions of pixels. Incoherent pump light from a control projector tunes each PhC cavity via the free-carrier dispersion effect, thereby modulating the coherent probe field emitted from the cavity array. The use of high-Q/V semiconductor cavities enables energy-efficient all-optical control and eliminates the need for individual tuning elements, which degrade the performance and limit the size of the optical surface. Using this technique, an SLM with 106 pixels, micron-order pixel pitch, and GHz-order refresh rates could be realized with less than 1 W of pump power.
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公开(公告)号：US11853847B2
公开(公告)日：2023-12-26
申请号：US16994844
申请日：2020-08-17
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Hyeongrak Choi , Dirk Robert Englund
Abstract: Quantum information processing involves entangling large numbers of qubits, which can be realized as defect centers in a solid-state host. The qubits can be implemented as individual unit cells, each with its own control electronics, that are arrayed in a cryostat. Free-space control and pump beams address the qubit unit cells through a cryostat window. The qubit unit cells emit light in response to these control and pump beams and microwave pulses applied by the control electronics. The emitted light propagates through free space to a mode mixer, which interferes the optical modes from adjacent qubit unit cells for heralded Bell measurements. The qubit unit cells are small (e.g., 10 μm square), so they can be tiled in arrays of up to millions, addressed by free-space optics with micron-scale spot sizes. The processing overhead for this architecture remains relatively constant, even with large numbers of qubits, enabling scalable large-scale quantum information processing.
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公开(公告)号：US11626227B2
公开(公告)日：2023-04-11
申请号：US16907741
申请日：2020-06-22
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Hyeongrak Choi , Dirk Robert Englund
Abstract: Using the Meissner effect in superconductors, demonstrated here is the capability to create an arbitrarily high magnetic flux density (also sometimes referred to as “flux squeezing”). This technique has immediate applications for numerous technologies. For example, it allows the generation of very large magnetic fields (e.g., exceeding 1 Tesla) for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the generation of controlled magnetic fields for advanced superconducting quantum computing devices, and/or the like. The magnetic field concentration/increased flux density approaches can be applied to both static magnetic fields (i.e., direct current (DC) magnetic fields) and time-varying magnetic fields (i.e., alternating current (AC) magnetic fields) up to microwave frequencies.
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34.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11614643B2
公开(公告)日：2023-03-28
申请号：US16876477
申请日：2020-05-18
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Cheng Peng , Christopher Louis Panuski , Ryan Hamerly , Dirk Robert Englund
Abstract: A reflective spatial light modulator (SLM) made of an electro-optic material in a one-sided Fabry-Perot resonator can provide phase and/or amplitude modulation with fine spatial resolution at speeds over a Gigahertz. The light is confined laterally within the electro-optic material/resonator layer stack with microlenses, index perturbations, or by patterning the layer stack into a two-dimensional (2D) array of vertically oriented micropillars. Alternatively, a photonic crystal guided mode resonator can vertically and laterally confine the resonant mode. In phase-only modulation mode, each SLM pixel can produce a π phase shift under a bias voltage below 10 V, while maintaining nearly constant reflection amplitude. This high-speed SLM can be used in a wide range of new applications, from fully tunable metasurfaces to optical computing accelerators, high-speed interconnects, true 2D phased array beam steering, beam forming, or quantum computing with cold atom arrays.
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公开(公告)号：US11592337B2
公开(公告)日：2023-02-28
申请号：US17400047
申请日：2021-08-11
Inventor： Kin Chung Fong , Dirk Robert Englund
Abstract: An evaporatively cooled device and a system including the same. In some embodiments, the system includes an oligolayer conductive sheet; a superconductor; a tunneling barrier, between the oligolayer conductive sheet and the superconductor; and a bias circuit, configured to apply a bias voltage across the tunneling barrier, the bias voltage being less than a gap voltage of the superconductor and greater than one-half of the gap voltage of the superconductor.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US11585870B2
公开(公告)日：2023-02-21
申请号：US17376234
申请日：2021-07-15
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Laura Kim , Hyeongrak Choi , Matthew Edwin Trusheim , Dirk Robert Englund
IPC: G01R33/032 , G01R29/08
Abstract: Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond combine exceptional sensitivity with nanoscale spatial resolution by optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). Infrared (IR)-absorption-based readout of the NV singlet state transition can increase ODMR contrast and collection efficiency. Here, a resonant diamond metallodielectric metasurface amplifies IR absorption by concentrating the optical field near the diamond surface. This plasmonic quantum sensing metasurface (PQSM) supports plasmonic surface lattice resonances and balances field localization and sensing volume to optimize spin readout sensitivity. Combined electromagnetic and rate-equation modeling suggests a near-spin-projection-noise-limited sensitivity below 1 nT Hz−1/2 per μm2 of sensing area using numbers for contemporary NV diamond samples and fabrication techniques. The PQSM enables microscopic ODMR sensing with IR readout near the spin-projection-noise-limited sensitivity, making it appealing for imaging through scattering tissues and spatially resolved chemical NMR detection.
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公开(公告)号：US11546077B2
公开(公告)日：2023-01-03
申请号：US17673268
申请日：2022-02-16
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Liane Sarah Beland Bernstein , Alexander Sludds , Dirk Robert Englund
Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become very popular in many areas, especially classification and prediction. However, as the number of neurons in the DNN increases to solve more complex problems, the DNN becomes limited by the latency and power consumption of existing hardware. A scalable, ultra-low latency photonic tensor processor can compute DNN layer outputs in a single shot. The processor includes free-space optics that perform passive optical copying and distribution of an input vector and integrated optoelectronics that implement passive weighting and the nonlinearity. An example of this processor classified the MNIST handwritten digit dataset (with an accuracy of 94%, which is close to the 96% ground truth accuracy). The processor can be scaled to perform near-exascale computing before hitting its fundamental throughput limit, which is set by the maximum optical bandwidth before significant loss of classification accuracy (determined experimentally).
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公开(公告)号：US11237454B2
公开(公告)日：2022-02-01
申请号：US16680908
申请日：2019-11-12
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Jacques Johannes Carolan , Uttara Chakraborty , Nicholas C. Harris , Mihir Pant , Dirk Robert Englund
IPC: H01S3/094 , G02F1/35 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/13 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/23 , G02F1/355 , G02F1/365 , H01S3/083 , H01S3/16
Abstract: Typically, quantum systems are very sensitive to environmental fluctuations, and diagnosing errors via measurements causes unavoidable perturbations. Here, an in situ frequency-locking technique monitors and corrects frequency variations in single-photon sources based on resonators. By using the classical laser fields used for photon generation as probes to diagnose variations in the resonator frequency, the system applies feedback control to correct photon frequency errors in parallel to the optical quantum computation without disturbing the physical qubit. Our technique can be implemented on a silicon photonic device and with sub 1 pm frequency stabilization in the presence of applied environmental noise, corresponding to a fractional frequency drift of
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公开(公告)号：US10268232B2
公开(公告)日：2019-04-23
申请号：US15612043
申请日：2017-06-02
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Nicholas Christopher Harris , Jacques Johannes Carolan , Mihika Prabhu , Dirk Robert Englund , Scott A. Skirlo , Yichen Shen , Marin Soljacic
Abstract: An optical neural network is constructed based on photonic integrated circuits to perform neuromorphic computing. In the optical neural network, matrix multiplication is implemented using one or more optical interference units, which can apply an arbitrary weighting matrix multiplication to an array of input optical signals. Nonlinear activation is realized by an optical nonlinearity unit, which can be based on nonlinear optical effects, such as saturable absorption. These calculations are implemented optically, thereby resulting in high calculation speeds and low power consumption in the optical neural network.
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公开(公告)号：US20180233323A1
公开(公告)日：2018-08-16
申请号：US15896377
申请日：2018-02-14
Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Inventor： Michael Patrick Walsh , Dirk Robert Englund
IPC: H01J37/28 , H01J37/302 , H01J37/22
Abstract: A method of locating a substrate within a field of view of an imaging system includes acquiring an image of a first marker on a substrate in the field of view. The first marker has a first spatial pattern representing a position of the first marker relative to the substrate. The method also includes determining possible positions of the substrate based on the first spatial pattern and moving the substrate relative to the field of view based on the possible positions of the substrate. The method also includes acquiring an image of a second marker on the substrate in the field of view. The second marker has a second pattern representing a position of the second marker relative to the substrate. The method further includes determining the position of the substrate relative to the field of view based on the position of the second marker on the substrate.
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