Abstract:
System and apparatus to accelerate solution of gas into liquid. The system includes an aspirating injector to bring the gas into the pressurized system, a collider, a reactor, and an optional gas/liquid separator. The collider and reactor provide for prompt renewal of the interface in the bubble with the liquid as the consequence of abrupt changes of direction of flow.
Abstract:
To realize a substrate cleaning method which enables effective cleaning of a wafer having a recess thereon without causing any increase in cleaning cost. Ozone gas and ammonia water are supplied right above a wafer 7 having a recess thereon, a gas-dissolving liquid is produced by dissolving the ozone gas in the ammonia water, and the gas-dissolving liquid is used to carry out contact and non-contact types physical cleaning on the wafer.
Abstract:
In order to dissolve a gas such as oxygen in a liquid, typically aqueous, a stream of liquid is taken from tank 2 by a pump 10 and pressurized thereby. Oxygen is introduced into the stream via a conduit 18 upstream of a venturi 20. The resulting mixture of oxygen bubbles and liquid is accelerated from a sub-sonic to a super-sonic velocity as it flows through the venturi 20. The resultant shockwave is effective to reduce the size of the bubbles. The stream of liquid carrying oxygen bubbles dispersed therein is then transported at sub-sonic velocity along the conduit 12 to a sparge pipe 14 through which it is introduced into the main volume 4 of liquid into the tank 2. As the liquid passes through the orifices of the sparge pipe 14 so it is again accelerated to a super-sonic velocity and another shockwave is created thereby causing the bubbles to reduce in size such that they readily dissolve in or are consumed by the main volume of liquid.
Abstract:
Aqueous solutions of olefinically unsaturated hydrophilic monomers are deoxygenated, advantageously pH adjusted, and prepared for direct photopolymerization by photoinitiator addition and countercurrent scrubbing with an inert gas in a contactor column, preferably a packed column.
Abstract:
A carbonic water production apparatus equipped with a carbonic acid gas dissolving apparatus and a circulation pump, wherein water in a bath is circulated by the circulation pump, and carbonic acid gas is fed into the carbonic acid gas dissolving apparatus to dissolve the carbonic acid gas in the water, and wherein the circulation pump is a positive-displacement metering pump having a self-priming ability; a carbonic water production method using this apparatus; a carbonic water production method including an early step for producing a carbonic water and a concentration maintaining step for the carbonic water; a carbonic water production apparatus equipped with a device for controlling the feeding pressure of carbonic water gas so as to give an intended concentration of carbonic acid gas; a carbonic water production apparatus which automatically discharges out a drain; and a carbonic water production apparatus combined with a portable foot bath.
Abstract:
An apparatus for supplying water containing dissolved gas comprising a flowmeter for measuring a flowrate of pure or ultra-pure water and a mechanism for controlling a flowrate, a means for adjusting an amount of water which adjusts an amount of the pure or ultra-pure water supplied to the apparatus for dissolving a gas, a tank which receives the water containing dissolved gas in an excessive amount which is not used at a point of use, a piping system through which the water containing dissolved gas glows from the tank towards the point of use and the water containing dissolved gas in an excessive amount returns to the tank, a piping system for supplying the water containing dissolved gas to the tank, and a controlling means for adjusting an amount of water based on a water level in the tank.
Abstract:
This invention concerns an apparatus and a method for producing carbonated water capable of obtaining high concentration carbonated water effectively. Carbon dioxide gas is passed through a first carbon dioxide gas dissolver (7) composed of a membrane module to be dissolved in water and the carbonated water passing through the first carbon dioxide gas dissolver (7) is passed through a static mixer (13), which is a second carbon dioxide gas dissolver. Consequently, a high concentration carbonated water can be obtained remarkably, effectively and easily with a simpler structure than conventionally.
Abstract:
A carbonic water production apparatus equipped with a carbonic acid gas dissolving apparatus 3 and a circulation pump 1 wherein water in a bath 11 is circulated by the circulation pump 1, and a carbonic acid gas is fed into the carbonic acid gas dissolving apparatus 3 to dissolve the carbonic acid gas in the water, and wherein the circulation pump 1 is a positive-displacement metering pump having a self-priming ability; a carbonic water production method using this apparatus; a carbonic water production method comprising an early step for producing a carbonic water and a concentration maintaining step for the carbonic water; a carbonic water production apparatus equipped with a control for controlling the feeding pressure of carbonic water gas so that give an intended concentration of carbonic acid gas; a carbonic water production apparatus which automatically discharges out a drain; and a carbonic water production apparatus combined with a portable foot bath.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a process and an apparatus for continuously producing chlorine dioxide, the process comprising the steps of: feeding chlorate ions, acid and hydrogen peroxide as aqueous solutions to a reactor; reducing chlorate ions in the reector to chlorine dioxide, thereby forming a product stream in the reactor containing chlorine dioxide; feeding motive water to an eductor comprising a nozzle; bringing the motive water to flow through the nozzle and causing it to flow further through the eductor in an at least partially spiral or helical manner, transferring the product stream from the reactor to the eductor and mixing it with the motive water and thereby forming a diluted aqueous solution containing chlorine dioxide, and; withdrawing the diluted aqueous solution containing chlorine dioxide from the eductor.
Abstract:
Solubilizing device of a gas into a fluid includes the following components in combination: at least a first pipe section (1) convergent at the end thereof; a second pipe section (2), with a cross section smaller than that of the first pipe section (1), coaxial and integral thereto; a third pipe section (3) divergent for the entire length thereof, coaxial to the second pipe section (2), of a cross section intermediate between the ones of the first and of the second pipe section, the second and the third pipe section being separated by a mixing chamber, provided with a gas introducer (5) and (6), substantially slanted of a ≦90° angle with respect to the axis of the pipe section (2), for the inlet and the adjustment of the gaseous substance to be admixed to the fluid, respectively. The invention also relates to the use of the aforesaid device in various technological fields. The figure shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention.