Abstract:
There is described a method of determining the UV fluence received by a fluid. The method comprises the steps of: (a) irradiating the fluid at an unknown UV fluence; (b) measuring the fluorescence of a test sample of the fluid after irradiation in Step (a) to produce a test signal proportional to the concentration of a prescribed fluorescent composition of matter comprised in the test sample; and (c) determining the value of the unknown UV fluence by comparing the test signal to a calibration curve of a control signal proportional to concentration of the prescribed fluorescent composition of matter in the fluid as a function of applied UV fluence. There is also described a system for determining the UV fluence received by a fluid being treated in UV fluid treatment system comprising at least one UV source. The system comprises: (a) a radiation-transparent vessel for receiving a test sample of the fluid after irradiation of the fluid at an unknown UV fluence; (b) a fluorometer for measuring the fluorescence of the test sample received in the radiation-transparent vessel to produce a test signal proportional to the concentration of a prescribed fluorescent composition of matter comprised in the test sample; and (c) a controller configured to determine the value of the unknown UV fluence by comparing the test signal to a calibration curve of a control signal proportional to concentration of the prescribed fluorescent composition of matter in the fluid as a function of applied UV fluence.
Abstract:
A system for solar disinfection of fluid. One most preferred version of the system includes: (a) A UVTC, made of a polyethylene laminate film material with a “cut and weld” process, shaped generally like a pillow with an approximately rectangular plan, providing: a. A first compartment. b. A second compartment for holding fluid, with a port to fill and dispense, the second compartment proximate to the first compartment. (b) A Disinfection Monitor Module (“DMM”) located in the first compartment which: a. Includes at least one sensor to measure radiation (e.g. solar UV light) intensity. b. Provides at least one user interface including: i. “Start” and “stop” pushbuttons, switches or the like. ii. “Wait” and “Safe” visual indicators, such as LEDs. c. Contains a wireless communication interface. d. Operates according to a process that ensures sufficient cumulative exposure of the contained fluid to solar UV to achieve adequate solar disinfection. Alternative embodiments may also include one or more additional sensors to detect additional characteristics, such as fluid properties including transmittance, turbidity, “combined transmittance,” and/or temperature.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device and also a method for determining the degree of disinfection, and for determining the time point when a defined degree of disinfection is reached by a liquid, in particular drinking water, that is situated in a container which is light-permeable at least in a UV range. The device comprises in this case a UV measuring appliance for measuring the intensity of the UV radiation in the region of the container, a data analysis unit to which the values of the UV intensity which are measured by the UV measuring device are fed, and wherein the data analysis unit converts the UV intensity values measured at the start of a measurement at defined time points to form a characteristic, and wherein the data analysis unit compares the characteristics determined at defined time points with a predetermined characteristic, which predetermined characteristic corresponds to a defined degree of disinfection of the liquid, and wherein the device comprises at least one signal output appliance which, in the event that the determined characteristics reaches or exceeds the value of the predetermined characteristic, provides the signal output.
Abstract:
A measuring device (40) for measuring an illumination property of an illumination system (12), which is configured for two-dimensional irradiation of a substrate (24) arranged in an illumination plane (21) with illumination radiation (20). Two differing measurement beam paths (52, 54) are formed in the measuring device, each arranged to guide the illumination radiation emitted by the illumination system onto a spatially resolving intensity detector (42) of the measuring device. A first (52) of the measurement beam paths is arranged to measure an intensity distribution in the illumination plane and the second (54) of the measurement beam paths is arranged to measure an intensity distribution in a pupil of the illumination system. The measuring device also includes an imaging optical unit (44) arranged in the first measurement beam path (52) such that the illumination radiation guided in the first measurement beam path passes through the imaging optical unit.
Abstract:
A dermal reflectance sensor method and system for providing and calculating UV light absorbed and vitamin D produced by a patient is provided. The method and system allows for real-time accurate calculating of UV light absorbed and vitamin D produced. The method and system utilizes at least five parameters for capturing and calculating data related to the specific vitamin D production of a patient.
Abstract:
Provided herein are a wearable radiation detector and a method of controlling thereof, the detector including: the radiation collection unit operable to collect light and output a signal corresponding to the light collected; a memory; a display unit; a processor operable to receive the signal output by the radiation collection unit, to store a value in the memory corresponding to the signal output by the radiation collection unit, to output an output signal based at least on the signal corresponding to the light collected by the radiation collection unit and to control the display unit to display an indication corresponding to the output signal, wherein the determining includes continually calculating the maximum exposure level based on the light being received by the radiation collection unit.
Abstract:
A method is provided for operating an electronic device. The method includes detecting an ultraviolet ray value through an ultraviolet ray detection sensor; acquiring an image including a sun object; comparing a position of the sun object within the acquired image to a position of a guide object; and correcting the detected ultraviolet ray value based on a difference between the position of the sun object and the position of the guide object
Abstract:
According to the exposure amount evaluation method of the embodiment, a photomask including a long-wavelength light reflective film and a mask pattern is set in an EUV exposure apparatus. The long-wavelength light reflective film reflects long-wavelength light having a wavelength longer than that of EUV light and absorbs the EUV light. The mask pattern is formed by an absorption film which is arranged on the upper side of the long-wavelength light reflective film and absorbs the EUV light and the long-wavelength light. A substrate on which resist is coated are set in the EUV exposure apparatus. Exposure light reflected by the photomask is irradiated to the substrate, and a light amount distribution of the long-wavelength light irradiated to the substrate is measured on the basis of an exposure amount of the exposure light irradiated to the substrate.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention generally describe systems, devices, and methods for directly measuring pulse profiles during pulse delivery. In some embodiment, the pulse profiles may be measured while the pulse is delivered to ablate a material. Embodiments, may calculate ablation spot parameters based on the pulse profiles and may refine one or more subsequent laser pulses based on deviations from the calculated ablation spot parameters from desired ablation spot parameters. In some embodiments, a fluence profiler is provided. The fluence profiler may measure a pulse profile of a laser pulse from a portion of the laser pulse. The fluence profiler may utilize a UV radiation energy sensor device and a camera-based imager. The measurements from the UV radiation energy sensor device and the camera-based imager may be combined and scaled to provide a measured pulse profile that corresponds to the delivered pulse.
Abstract:
According to the exposure amount evaluation method of the embodiment, a photomask including a long-wavelength light reflective film and a mask pattern is set in an EUV exposure apparatus. The long-wavelength light reflective film reflects long-wavelength light having a wavelength longer than that of EUV light and absorbs the EUV light. The mask pattern is formed by an absorption film which is arranged on the upper side of the long-wavelength light reflective film and absorbs the EUV light and the long-wavelength light. A substrate on which resist is coated are set in the EUV exposure apparatus. Exposure light reflected by the photomask is irradiated to the substrate, and a light amount distribution of the long-wavelength light irradiated to the substrate is measured on the basis of an exposure amount of the exposure light irradiated to the substrate.