Abstract:
AN IMPROVED METALLIC CATALYST OF HIGH SURFACE AREA A PREPARED FROM AN ALLOY COMPRISING ALUMINUM AND A SECOND METAL WHICH IS SOLUBLE IN OXIDIZING ACIDS. THIS ALLOY IS CONTACTED WITH AN OXIDIZING ACID FOR A TIME PERIOD AND AT A TEMPERATURE AND ACID CONCENTRATION SUFFICIENT TO DISSOLVE A PORTION OF THE SECOND METAL. THE ALLOY IS SUBSEQUENTLY CONTACTED WITH AN ALKALI METAL HYDROXIDE UNDER CONDITIONS SUFFICIENT TO CONVERT THE ALUMINUM AT THE SURFACE OF THE ALLOY TI O ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE. THE ALLOY THUS TREATED IS THEN HEATED IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN FOR A TIME PERIOD AND AT A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO CONVERT THE ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE TO ALUMINUM OXIDE.
Abstract:
A Group VIII metal-tin catalyst is described in which the molar ratio of Group VIII metal to tin is about 1.7 to 15. The catalyst is prepared by heating reducible compounds of a Group VIII metal and tin in oxygen and then reducing the resulting product with hydrogen. A metallic nickel-tin composition is an example of this catalyst.
Abstract:
DEHYDROGENATABLE HYDROCARBONS ARE DEHYDROGENATED BY CONTACTING THEM AT DEHYDROGENATION CONDITIONS WITH A CATALYTIC COMPOSITE COMPRISING A COMBINATION OF CATALYTICALLY EFFECTIVE AMOUNTS OF A PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT, A RHENIUM COMPONENT, A GROUP VI TRANSITION METAL COMPONENT AND AN ALKALI OR ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPONENT WITH A POROUS CARRIER MATERIAL. A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF THE CATALYTIC COMPOSITE DISCLOSED HEREIN IS A COMBINATION OF PLATINUM, RHENIUM, TUNGSTEN AND ALKALI OR ALKALINE EARTH METAL WITH A GAMMA-ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL IN AMOUNTS SUFFICIENT TO RESULT IN THE COMPOSITE CONTAINING, ON AN ELEMENTAL BASIS, ABOUT 0.05 TO 1 WT. PERCENT PLATINUM, ABOUT 0.05 TO 1 WT. PERCENT RHENIUM, ABOUT 0.01 TO 1 WT. PERCENT TUNGSTEN AND ABOUT 0.1 TO 5 WT. PERCENT OF THE ALKALI OR ALKALINE EARTH METAL.
Abstract:
THE INVENTION RELATES TO MATERIAL CONTAINING A NEW FORM OF SILVER REFERRED TO AS CLUSTER SILVER IN WHICH THE ATOMS ARE ARRANGED IN A LATTICE DIFFERENT FROM THE FACECENTERED CONFIGURATION OF CONVENTIONAL SILVER, AND IN PARTICULAR TO SILVER METAL, SILVER COMPOUNDS, SILVER COMPLEXES AND TO A NEW COMPOUND SILVER KETENIDE, CONTAINING CLUSTER SILVER, WHICH MATERIAL IS CHARACTERIZED IN POSSESSING A MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY WHICH IS FIELD DEPENDENT, SUCH MAGNETIC PROPERTIES BEING DEVELOPED IN THE CLUSTER SILVER BY THERMAL TREATMENT OR TREATMENT WITH AQUEOUS MEDIA OR METHANOL. THE INVENTION ALSO RELATES TO THE USES OF SUCH MATERIAL, PARTICULARLY ITS USE AS A CATALYST IN THE OXIDATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL, AND ITS CAPACITY TO GENERATE CARBON SUBOXIDE.
Abstract:
A novel hydrogenation catalyst, especially useful for the catalytic hydrogenation of an anthraquinone working compound in the process for producing hydrogen peroxide, is described containing at least 0.05 percent by weight of metallic palladium dispersed on alumina supporting spheres, wherein the major crystalline structure of the alumina spheres is in the form of delta-alumina, theta-alumina, or mixtures of delta- and thetaaluminas and is substantially free of alpha-alumina, gammaalumina or alpha-alumina monohydrate, wherein the alumina spheres have substantially no pores larger than about 0.06 micron, a BET surface area of over 20 m.2/gm., and wherein the palladium metal penetration into the pores of the supporting alumina surface is no more than about 40 or 50 microns.
Abstract:
PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A HIGH YIELD OF LOW FREEZE POINT JET FUEL FROM A HYDROCARBON FEEDSTOCK CONTAINNG MATERIALS BOILING ABOVE THE JET FUEL BOILING RANGE AND CONTAINING AT LEAST 5 VOLUME PERCENT NORMAL PARAFFINS WHICH COMPRISES SUBJECTING SAID FEEDSTOCK TO HYDROCRACKNG AND ISOMERIZATION IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN AND A CATALYST COMPRISING ALUMINA, A HALOGEN AND A COMPONENT SELECTED FROM THE METALS PLATINUM, PALLADUM AND IRIDIUM AND COMPOUNDS OF SAID METALS, WHEREBY THE AMOUNT OF JET FUEL BOILING RANGE MATERIALS, IS INCREASED AND NORMAL PARAFFINS ARE ISOMERIZED, AND SELECTIVELY HYDROCRACKING THE REMAINING NORMAL PARAFFINS IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN AND A CATALYST COMPRISING MORDENITE IN HYDROGEN FROM AND AT LEAST ONE HYDROGENATING COMPONENT.
Abstract:
DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST, SUITABLE FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF ALKANES TO ALKENES, IS PREPARED BY ION EXCHANGING A PLATINUM GROUP METAL ONTO A FELSPAR SUPPORT, PREFERABLY ALBITE.
Abstract:
A CATALYTIC COMPOSITE COMPRISING A PLATINUM GROUP METALLIC COMPONENT AND A TECHNETIUM COMPONENT COMBINED WITH A CARRIER MATERIAL CONTAINING ALUMINA AND A FINELY DIVIDED CRYSTALLINE ALUMINOSILICATE, IS DISCLOSED. A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF THE CATALYTIC COMPOSITES DISCLOSED HEREIN IS A COMBINATION OF ABOUT 0.01 T O 1.0 WT. PERCENT PLATINUM AND ABOUT 0.01 TO 1.0 WT. PERCENT TECHNETIUM WITH A GAMMA ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL HAVING 0.5 TO 20 WT. PERCENT OF THE HYDROGEN FORM OF MORDENITE UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED THERETHROUGH. PRINCIPAL UTILITY OF THESE CATALYTIC COMPOSITES IS, BROADLY, IN THE FIELD OF PROCESSES FOR THE CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBONS AND, MORE PARTICULARLY, IN A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LPG AND A HIGH OCTANE REFORMATE.
Abstract:
A GERMANIUM COMPONENT IS UNIFORMLY DISPERSED THROUGHOUT A POROUS, HIGH SURFACE AREA CARRIER MATERIAL BY THE STEPS OF: FIRST, REDUCING GERMANIUM DIOXIDE WITH HYDROGEN; SECOND, DISSOLVING THE RESULTING REDUCED MATERIAL IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONOF CHLORINE TO FORM A SOLUTION THEREOF; THIRD, IMPREGNATING A HIGH SURFACE AREA, POROUS CARRIER MATERIAL WITH THE RESULTING SOLTUION; AND, FINALLY DRYING AND CALCINING THE RESULTING IMPREGGNATED CARRIER MATERIAL. KEY FEATURE OF THIS METHOD OF PREPARATION INVOLVES THE USE OF THIS SOLUTION OF THE REDUCED GERMANIUM COMPOUND IN CHLORINE WATER TO IMPREGNATE THE CARRIER MATERIAL, THEREBY ACHIEVING UNIFORM DISPERSION OF THE GERMANIUM COMPONENT IN THE CARRIER MATERIAL.
Abstract:
THE PYROPHORISM OF A NICKEL-ALUMINUM OR COBALTALUMINUM CATALYST CAN BE SUBSTANTIALLY LOWERED BY CONTACTING THE CATALYST WITH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING AN EFFECTIVE PASSIVATING AMOUNT OF DICHROMATE OR PERMANGANATE ION.