Abstract:
Mixed alkyl esters made by reacting a mixture of two or more of certain monohydric alcohols with interpolymers derived from (i) .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof and (ii) vinyl aromatic monomers having up to 12 carbon atoms are useful modifiers for crude oils.
Abstract:
An interpolymeric poly(n-alkylacrylate) of a molecular weight between about 3000 and 100,000 wherein said alkyl is of at least 18 carbons and at least 70 wt. % of said alkyl is of between 20 and 24 carbons inclusively, the C20 to C24 alkyl group consisting of between about 2 and 65 wt. % of C20 alkyl, between about 18 and 65 wt. % C22 alkyl, and between about 8 and 35 wt. % C24 alkyl; and a residual petroleum fuel containing between 4 and 15 wt. % macrocrystalline paraffin wax having incorporated therein a pour depressing amount of said poly (n-alkylacrylate) wherein said poly(n-alkylacrylate) is initially introduced in said residual fuel at a temperature above the solution point of said wax.
Abstract:
Combination of two or more oil-soluble, polymeric materials having long linear side chains can be used to improve the flow properties of hydrocarbon oils containing high boiling waxes, such as fuel oils containing residua and crude oils. Examples of these polymeric materials include: condensation polymers of dicarboxylic acid or anhydride, polyol and monocarboxylic acid; addition polymers of: unsaturated esters, or long chain alpha monoolefins, or copolymers of said olefins with said unsaturated ester; polystyrene acylated with long chain fatty acid; etc. The invention also includes a method for formulating said polymer combinations to achieve an optimum effect in oil subject to pour point reversion, by giving samples of the oil containing the individual polymers a series of thermal histories, measuring the pour point of each of said samples to determine Flow Point, i.e., the highest pour point that the oil exhibits, and then blending the polymers to achieve a minimum Flow Point.
Abstract:
Mixtures containing (1) polymers of ethylene with polar monomers such as vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl fumarate, etc., and (2) homopolymers of ethylene or copolymers of ethylene with C3 - C18 alpha-olefins synergistically improve the pour point and flow characteristics of middle distillate petroleum oils.
Abstract:
Lactone/alkylene oxide polymers are useful as additives to inhibit or prevent the deposition of paraffin in hydrocarbon fluids, particularly crude oil produced from a subterranean formation. These polymers are random or block polymers made from addition reactions of a hydroxyl- and/or amine-containing base compound with at least one lactone monomer and at least one alkylene oxide monomer. In one non-limiting embodiment the lactone monomer is optional.
Abstract:
A fuel oil composition comprising a major amount of fuel oil and a polymeric additive of Mn 1,000 to less than 3,000. The polymeric additive comprises the condensation reaction product of an aliphatic aldehyde having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a mixture of alkylphenols comprising a major amount of a monoalkylphenol with more than 10 to less than 35 mole % of a dialkylphenol. The alkyl groups of the phenol have 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The polymeric additive is useful for improving the low temperature flow properties of a fuel oil.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to Compositions of fuels for transportation are disclosed, particularly organic compositions which are liquid at ambient conditions. More specifically, it relates to transportation fuels comprising suitable organic distillates, as a predominant component, and limited, but essential, amounts of a component comprising oxygen-containing organic materials, which materials are typically derived from natural petroleum. Beneficially, the oxygen content of these transportation fuels is at least 0.02 percent by weight. Preferably the oxygen content these transportation fuels is in a range from about 0.2 percent to about 10 percent by weight.
Abstract:
An additive for low-sulfur mineral oil distillates having improved cold flowability and paraffin dispersancy, comprising at least one ester of an alkoxylated polyol and at least one polar nitrogen-containing paraffin dispersant.
Abstract:
Compositions comprising an ethylene/vinyl acetate or propionate/vinyl linear carboxylate terpolymer improve the low temperature properties of oils having wax contents of at least 3% wt.