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    LIQUID FUEL COMPOSITIONS
    81.
    发明申请
    LIQUID FUEL COMPOSITIONS 审中-公开
    液体燃料组合物

    公开(公告)号：US20140338624A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-11-20

    申请号：US14282767

    申请日：2014-07-30

    Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

    Inventor： Mark Lawrence BREWER ,  Susan Jane SMITH

    IPC: C10L1/19 ,  F02B47/04

    CPC classification number: C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  F02B47/04

    Abstract: A liquid fuel composition is provided containing: (a) a base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine; (b) a first fuel additive selected from one or more viscosity control agents having: (i) a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 27 cSt or less; and (ii) a NOACK volatility at 250° C. of 100% wt or less; and (c) a second fuel additive selected from one or more friction modifiers. Fuelling such liquid fuel composition in an internal combustion engine improves the fuel economy performance of an internal combustion engine.

    Abstract translation: 提供一种液体燃料组合物，其包含：（a）适用于内燃机的基础燃料; （b）选自一种或多种粘度控制剂的第一燃料添加剂，其具有：（i）100℃下的运动粘度为27cSt以下; 和（ii）250℃下的NOACK挥发度为100重量％以下; 和（c）选自一种或多种摩擦改进剂的第二燃料添加剂。 在内燃机中加油这种液体燃料组合物提高了内燃机的燃油经济性能。

    THREE-PHASE EMULSIFIED FUEL AND METHODS OF PREPARATION AND USE
    84.
    发明申请
    THREE-PHASE EMULSIFIED FUEL AND METHODS OF PREPARATION AND USE 审中-公开
    三相乳化燃料及其制备和使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130227877A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-09-05

    申请号：US13811040

    申请日：2011-07-21

    Applicant: Felipe Avila

    Inventor： Germán V. Avila

    IPC: C10L1/32

    CPC classification number: C10L1/328 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2431 ,  C10L1/2437

    Abstract: The present invention relates to an air-water-hydrocarbon three-phase micro-emulsified fuel prepared by adding water, air, and emulsifier compositions to liquid hydrocarbon fuels, to the methods of preparation, and to the uses of the micro-emulsions. The three-phase micro-emulsion fuel is prepared by emulsifying heavy hydrocarbons such as bunker fuel oil and heavy petroleum from the fraction distillation of petroleum, with water or an aqueous solution, air, and emulsifier compositions, in which the hydrocarbon fuel and the air form a dispersed phase and the aqueous solution forms a continuous phase. The resulting emulsified fuel is to be used as an alternative energy fuel in internal combustion engines, boilers, heaters, furnaces, combustion turbines or power plants offering the advantages of lower viscosity, higher performance and cleaner burning than the original fuel.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过向液体烃燃料中加入水，空气和乳化剂组合物制备的空气 - 水 - 烃三相微乳化燃料，其制备方法和微乳液的用途。 三相微乳液燃料是通过从石油馏分蒸馏中将重质烃如燃料油和重质石油与水或水溶液，空气和乳化剂组合物进行乳化而制备的，其中烃燃料和空气 形成分散相，水溶液形成连续相。 所产生的乳化燃料将用作内燃机，锅炉，加热器，熔炉，燃气轮机或电厂中的替代能源燃料，其具有比原始燃料更低的粘度，更高的性能和更清洁的燃烧的优点。

    PYROLYSIS OIL CONTAINING FUEL AND USE THEREOF, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE FUEL, INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME
    85.
    发明申请
    PYROLYSIS OIL CONTAINING FUEL AND USE THEREOF, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE FUEL, INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME 审中-公开
    含油燃料及其用途的热解油，燃料的制备方法，内燃机系统及其操作方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130180489A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-07-18

    申请号：US13638318

    申请日：2010-04-01

    Applicant: Jens-Uwe Reeh

    Inventor： Jens-Uwe Reeh

    IPC: C10L1/18 ,  F02B43/00

    CPC classification number: C10L1/1802 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/328 ,  F02B43/00 ,  Y02E50/13

    Abstract: The present disclosure refers to a fuel free of emulsifiers, wherein the fuel may be an emulsion of (a) at least one of a mineral oil, synthetic oil, or natural oil in (b) a pyrolysis oil with a percent weight ratio, (a):(b), of 1 to 15:99 to 85. The Sauter Mean Diameter of droplets of (a) in the emulsion may be 1 micrometer to 15 micrometers. An internal combustion engine system may comprise a reservoir for pyrolysis oil and a reservoir for at least one of a mineral oil, synthetic oil, or natural oil, and a homogenizer configured to provide an emulsion from said oils. The homogenizer may include an inlet connected with said reservoirs and an outlet. The system may also comprise an internal combustion engine which may include at least one combustion chamber, wherein the outlet of the homogenizer may be connected to the internal combustion engine.

    Abstract translation: 本公开内容涉及不含乳化剂的燃料，其中燃料可以是（a）在（b）重量比百分比的热解油中的矿物油，合成油或天然油中的至少一种的乳液（ a）（b），为1至15:99至85.乳液中（a）的液滴的沙特平均直径可以为1微米至15微米。 内燃机系统可以包括用于热解油的储存器和用于矿物油，合成油或天然油中的至少一种的储存器，以及构造成从所述油提供乳液的均化器。 均化器可以包括与所述储存器连接的入口和出口。 该系统还可以包括可以包括至少一个燃烧室的内燃机，其中均化器的出口可以连接到内燃机。

    Biodiesel process
    86.
    发明授权
    Biodiesel process 有权
    生物柴油工艺

    公开(公告)号：US08481771B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-07-09

    申请号：US12450361

    申请日：2008-03-21

    Applicant: David Bradin ,  Guerry L. Grune

    Inventor： David Bradin ,  Guerry L. Grune

    IPC: C11C3/00 ,  C10L1/18

    CPC classification number: C11B3/005 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/14 ,  C11B3/02 ,  C11C3/003 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20

    Abstract: Processes for producing biodiesel compositions are disclosed. FFAs present in the triglycerides can be removed by reaction with isobutylene, or by Kolbe electrolysis. The Kolbe electrolysis can be performed on the starting material, or on the crude glycerol. The triglycerides are transesterified to form alkyl esters of the fatty acids and glycerol. The transesterification reaction can be catalyzed by an alkoxide, rather than a hydroxide, to help keep the glycerol by-product dry. The alkoxide salt can be neutralized by reaction with a dry acid, such as gaseous hydrogen chloride or sulfuric acid, and the resulting alcohol removed by distillation, and at least a portion of the neutralized salt can be removed by filtration or decantation. The process can provide improved biodiesel yields, and glycerol pure enough for use directly in glycerol ether manufacture.

    Abstract translation: 公开了生产生物柴油组合物的方法。 存在于甘油三酸酯中的FAs可以通过与异丁烯反应或通过Kolbe电解来除去。 Kolbe电解可以在原料上或粗甘油上进行。 甘油三酸酯被酯交换以形成脂肪酸和甘油的烷基酯。 酯交换反应可以通过醇盐而不是氢氧化物催化，以帮助保持甘油副产物的干燥。 醇盐可以通过与干酸如气态氯化氢或硫酸反应中和，并通过蒸馏除去所得醇，并且可以通过过滤或倾析除去至少一部分中和盐。 该方法可以提供改善的生物柴油产量，甘油纯度足以直接用于甘油醚制造。

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