Abstract:
A fuel additive for fuel formulations comprising calcium sulfonates in an amount effective to limit or eliminate valve seat recession in engines utilizing such fuel formulations. The fuel additive may also include a detergent, particularly in an amount to enhance the VSR limiting effect of the calcium sulfonates. Also included are fuel formulations containing calcium sulfonates in a concentration effective to limit vale seat recession in engines utilizing the fuel formulations. Methods for treating VSR in piston engines are also provided.
Abstract:
A metal-free detergent and antioxidant additive comprising the reaction product of an acidic organic compound, a boron compound, a polyamine such as polyethylene imine, and optionally an alkoxylated amine and/or an alkoxylated amide, is provided. The additives of the present invention have higher TBN than similar compounds known in the art.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method of operating a thermal installation comprising a combustion chamber fed with a fuel contaminated with vanadium, with sulphur and possibly with sodium. In particular, the combustion chamber is also fed with boron and with magnesium, in quantities such that the sodium molar ratio s=Na2SO4/V2O5, the magnesium molar ratio m=MgO/V2O5 and the boron molar ratio b=B2O3/V2O5 satisfy the equation m≧3+2b−s, so that the combustion products comprise magnesium orthovanadate, mixed magnesium boron oxide and possibly sodium borate. The invention also provides for the use of such a method to inhibit corrosion of the thermal installation by vanadium oxide, possibly in the presence of sodium.
Abstract translation:本发明提供了一种操作热设备的方法,该热设备包括燃烧室,该燃烧室供给被污染了钒的燃料,硫和可能的钠。 特别地,燃烧室还用硼和镁进料,其量使得钠摩尔比s = Na 2 SO 4 / V 2 O 5,镁摩尔比m = MgO / V 2 O 5和硼摩尔比b = B 2 O 3 / V 2 O 5满足 方程m≥3+ 2b-s,使得燃烧产物包括原钒酸镁,混合的镁氧化硼和可能的硼酸钠。 本发明还提供了使用这种方法来抑制可能在钠存在下氧化钒的热装置的腐蚀。
Abstract:
A composition is disclosed that comprises the reaction product of an acidic organic compound and a boron compound. The composition is useful as a detergent additive for lubricants and hydrocarbon fuels.
Abstract:
Reaction products of an acidic organic compound, a boron compound, and an alkoxylated amine and/or alkoxylated amide. Also disclosed are lubricating oil compositions and fuel compositions containing the reaction products.
Abstract:
A composition is disclosed that comprises the reaction product of an acidic organic compound, a boron compound, and a basic organic compound. The composition is useful as a detergent additive for lubricants and hydrocarbon fuels.
Abstract:
Fuel mixtures for direct methanol fuel cells are disclosed. The fuels include methanol and additives that react with water to produce methanol and other easily electro-oxidizable compounds including dimethyloxymethane, methylorthoformate, tetramethylorthocarbonate, trimethylborate, and tetramethylorthosilicate. Other additives to improve safety and efficiency of the fuel cell include sulfonated activated carbon particles and metal hydrides, such as LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, (CH3)2 NHBH3, NaAlH4, B2H6, NaCNBH3, CaH2, LiH, NaH, KH or sodium bis (2-methoxyethoxy) dihydridaluminate.